Rumpelstiltzkin
by Andrew Lang · from The Blue Fairy Book
Original Story

RUMPELSTILTZKIN
There was once upon a time a poor miller who had a very beautiful
daughter. Now it happened one day that he had an audience with the King,
and in order to appear a person of some importance he told him that
he had a daughter who could spin straw into gold. “Now that’s a talent
worth having,” said the King to the miller; “if your daughter is as
clever as you say, bring her to my palace to-morrow, and I’ll put her to
the test.” When the girl was brought to him he led her into a room full
of straw, gave her a spinning-wheel and spindle, and said: “Now set to
work and spin all night till early dawn, and if by that time you haven’t
spun the straw into gold you shall die.” Then he closed the door behind
him and left her alone inside.
So the poor miller’s daughter sat down, and didn’t know what in the
world she was to do. She hadn’t the least idea of how to spin straw into
gold, and became at last so miserable that she began to cry.
Suddenly the door opened, and in stepped a tiny little man and said:
“Good-evening, Miss Miller-maid; why are you crying so bitterly?” “Oh!”
answered the girl, “I have to spin straw into gold, and haven’t a notion
how it’s done.” “What will you give me if I spin it for you?” asked
the manikin. “My necklace,” replied the girl. The little man took the
necklace, sat himself down at the wheel, and whir, whir, whir, the wheel
went round three times, and the bobbin was full. Then he put on another,
and whir, whir, whir, the wheel went round three times, and the second
too was full; and so it went on till the morning, when all the straw
was spun away, and all the bobbins were full of gold. As soon as the sun
rose the King came, and when he perceived the gold he was astonished and
delighted, but his heart only lusted more than ever after the precious
metal. He had the miller’s daughter put into another room full of straw,
much bigger than the first, and bade her, if she valued her life, spin
it all into gold before the following morning. The girl didn’t know what
to do, and began to cry; then the door opened as before, and the tiny
little man appeared and said: “What’ll you give me if I spin the straw
into gold for you?” “The ring from my finger,” answered the girl. The
manikin took the ring, and whir! round went the spinning-wheel again,
and when morning broke he had spun all the straw into glittering gold.
The King was pleased beyond measure at the sights but his greed for gold
was still not satisfied, and he had the miller’s daughter brought into a
yet bigger room full of straw, and said: “You must spin all this away
in the night; but if you succeed this time you shall become my wife.”
“She’s only a miller’s daughter, it’s true,” he thought; “but I couldn’t
find a richer wife if I were to search the whole world over.” When the
girl was alone the little man appeared for the third time, and said:
“What’ll you give me if I spin the straw for you once again?” “I’ve
nothing more to give,” answered the girl. “Then promise me when you
are Queen to give me your first child.” “Who knows what may not happen
before that?” thought the miller’s daughter; and besides, she saw no
other way out of it, so she promised the manikin what he demanded, and
he set to work once more and spun the straw into gold. When the
King came in the morning, and found everything as he had desired, he
straightway made her his wife, and the miller’s daughter became a queen.
When a year had passed a beautiful son was born to her, and she thought
no more of the little man, till all of a sudden one day he stepped into
her room and said: “Now give me what you promised.” The Queen was in a
great state, and offered the little man all the riches in her kingdom if
he would only leave her the child. But the manikin said: “No, a living
creature is dearer to me than all the treasures in the world.” Then the
Queen began to cry and sob so bitterly that the little man was sorry for
her, and said: “I’ll give you three days to guess my name, and if you
find it out in that time you may keep your child.”
Then the Queen pondered the whole night over all the names she had ever
heard, and sent a messenger to scour the land, and to pick up far and
near any names he could come across. When the little man arrived on the
following day she began with Kasper, Melchior, Belshazzar, and all the
other names she knew, in a string, but at each one the manikin called
out: “That’s not my name.” The next day she sent to inquire the names
of all the people in the neighborhood, and had a long list of the
most uncommon and extraordinary for the little man when he made
his appearance. “Is your name, perhaps, Sheepshanks Cruickshanks,
Spindleshanks?” but he always replied: “That’s not my name.” On the
third day the messenger returned and announced: “I have not been able to
find any new names, but as I came upon a high hill round the corner of
the wood, where the foxes and hares bid each other good-night, I saw
a little house, and in front of the house burned a fire, and round
the fire sprang the most grotesque little man, hopping on one leg and
crying:
“To-morrow I brew, to-day I bake,
And then the child away I’ll take;
For little deems my royal dame
That Rumpelstiltzkin is my name!”
You can imagine the Queen’s delight at hearing the name, and when the
little man stepped in shortly afterward and asked: “Now, my lady Queen,
what’s my name?” she asked first: “Is your name Conrad?” “No.” “Is your
name Harry?” “No.” “Is your name perhaps, Rumpelstiltzkin?” “Some demon
has told you that! some demon has told you that!” screamed the little
man, and in his rage drove his right foot so far into the ground that it
sank in up to his waist; then in a passion he seized the left foot with
both hands and tore himself in two.(1)
(1) Grimm.
Story DNA
Moral
Be careful what you promise in desperation, and never underestimate the power of knowledge.
Plot Summary
A miller falsely boasts his daughter can spin straw into gold, leading the King to demand she prove it or die. A tiny magical man helps her in exchange for her necklace, then her ring, and finally her firstborn child, as the King's greed escalates. After becoming Queen and having a son, the tiny man returns to claim the baby. The Queen is granted three days to guess his name, and on the last day, her messenger overhears the man singing his name, Rumpelstiltzkin. The Queen reveals his name, causing the tiny man to fly into a rage and destroy himself, freeing the Queen and her child.
Themes
Emotional Arc
desperation to relief to fear to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This version is from Andrew Lang's 'The Blue Fairy Book,' which compiled existing European folk tales, primarily from the Brothers Grimm for this specific story. The story reflects common themes and motifs found in German folklore.
Plot Beats (15)
- A miller falsely boasts to the King that his daughter can spin straw into gold.
- The King locks the daughter in a room of straw, demanding she spin it into gold or die.
- A tiny man appears and offers to spin the straw for her necklace.
- The tiny man spins the straw into gold, astonishing the King, who then demands more.
- The King locks her in a larger room; the tiny man spins it for her ring.
- The King locks her in an even larger room, promising marriage if she succeeds; the tiny man demands her firstborn child in exchange.
- The girl agrees, the straw is spun, and she marries the King, becoming Queen.
- A year later, after the birth of her son, the tiny man returns to claim the child.
- The Queen pleads, offering riches, but the man insists on the child.
- The tiny man, moved by her tears, gives her three days to guess his name.
- The Queen sends a messenger to gather names, but her initial guesses are wrong.
- On the third day, the messenger overhears the tiny man singing his name, Rumpelstiltzkin, in the woods.
- The Queen correctly guesses the tiny man's name.
- Rumpelstiltzkin, in a fit of rage, tears himself in two and disappears.
- The Queen and her child are safe and live happily ever after.
Characters
Miller's Daughter
Beautiful
Attire: Simple peasant dress, necklace, ring (later queenly attire)
Desperate, resourceful, initially passive, but later clever and maternal
King
Not described, but assumed to be regal in appearance
Attire: Royal garments, crown, possibly rings and other jewelry
Greedy, manipulative, obsessed with wealth
Rumpelstiltzkin
Tiny, grotesque
Attire: Simple, perhaps slightly ragged clothing
Secretive, mischievous, easily angered, possessive
Miller
Poor
Attire: Simple miller's clothing
Boastful, desperate to impress
Locations
First Straw Room
A room full of straw, with a spinning-wheel and spindle.
Mood: desolate, hopeless
The miller's daughter is locked in and despairs; Rumpelstiltskin first appears and makes a deal.
Second Straw Room
A room much bigger than the first, filled with straw.
Mood: anxious, desperate
The miller's daughter is locked in again; Rumpelstiltskin reappears and makes another deal.
Third Straw Room
A yet bigger room full of straw.
Mood: fearful, resigned
The miller's daughter is locked in for the last time and makes a deal to give up her firstborn child.
Hilltop House
A little house on a high hill round the corner of the wood, where foxes and hares bid each other good-night. A fire burns in front.
Mood: eerie, secretive
The messenger overhears Rumpelstiltskin singing his name.
Queen's Room
The Queen's room in the palace.
Mood: tense, confrontational
Rumpelstiltskin comes to claim his prize and is defeated when the Queen guesses his name.