The Fox and the Lapp
by Andrew Lang · from The Brown Fairy Book
Original Story

The Fox and the Lapp
Once upon a time a fox lay peeping out of his hole, watching the road
that ran by at a little distance, and hoping to see something that
might amuse him, for he was feeling very dull and rather cross. For a
long while he watched in vain; everything seemed asleep, and not even a
bird stirred overhead. The fox grew crosser than ever, and he was just
turning away in disgust from his place when he heard the sound of feet
coming over the snow. He crouched eagerly down at the edge of the road
and said to himself: “I wonder what would happen if I were to pretend
to be dead! This is a man driving a reindeer sledge, I know the
tinkling of the harness. And at any rate I shall have an adventure, and
that is always something!”
So he stretched himself out by the side of the road, carefully choosing
a spot where the driver could not help seeing him, yet where the
reindeer would not tread on him; and all fell out just as he had
expected. The sledge-driver pulled up sharply, as his eyes lighted on
the beautiful animal lying stiffly beside him, and jumping out he threw
the fox into the bottom of the sledge, where the goods he was carrying
were bound tightly together by ropes. The fox did not move a muscle
though his bones were sore from the fall, and the driver got back to
his seat again and drove on merrily.
But before they had gone very far, the fox, who was near the edge,
contrived to slip over, and when the Laplander saw him stretched out on
the snow he pulled up his reindeer and put the fox into one of the
other sledges that was fastened behind, for it was market-day at the
nearest town, and the man had much to sell.
They drove on a little further, when some noise in the forest made the
man turn his head, just in time to see the fox fall with a heavy thump
on to the frozen snow. “That beast is bewitched!” he said to himself,
and then he threw the fox into the last sledge of all, which had a
cargo of fishes. This was exactly what the cunning creature wanted, and
he wriggled gently to the front and bit the cord which tied the sledge
to the one before it so that it remained standing in the middle of the
road.
Now there were so many sledges that the Lapp did not notice for a long
while that one was missing; indeed, he would have entered the town
without knowing if snow had not suddenly begun to fall. Then he got
down to secure more firmly the cloths that kept his goods dry, and
going to the end of the long row, discovered that the sledge containing
the fish and the fox was missing. He quickly unharnessed one of his
reindeer and rode back along the way he had come, to find the sledge
standing safe in the middle of the road; but as the fox had bitten off
the cord close to the noose there was no means of moving it away.
The fox meanwhile was enjoying himself mightily. As soon as he had
loosened the sledge, he had taken his favourite fish from among the
piles neatly arranged for sale, and had trotted off to the forest with
it in his mouth. By-and-by he met a bear, who stopped and said: “Where
did you find that fish, Mr. Fox?”
“Oh, not far off,” answered he; “I just stuck my tail in the stream
close by the place where the elves dwell, and the fish hung on to it of
itself.”
“Dear me,” snarled the bear, who was hungry and not in a good temper,
“if the fish hung on to your tail, I suppose he will hang on to mine.”
“Yes, certainly, grandfather,” replied the fox, “if you have patience
to suffer what I suffered.”
“Of course I can,” replied the bear, “what nonsense you talk! Show me
the way.”
So the fox led him to the bank of a stream, which, being in a warm
place, had only lightly frozen in places, and was at this moment
glittering in the spring sunshine.
“The elves bathe here,” he said, “and if you put in your tail the fish
will catch hold of it. But it is no use being in a hurry, or you will
spoil everything.”
Then he trotted off, but only went out of sight of the bear, who stood
still on the bank with his tail deep in the water. Soon the sun set and
it grew very cold and the ice formed rapidly, and the bear’s tail was
fixed as tight as if a vice had held it; and when the fox saw that
everything had happened just as he had planned it, he called out
loudly:
“Be quick, good people, and come with your bows and spears. A bear has
been fishing in your brook!”
And in a moment the whole place was full of little creatures each one
with a tiny bow and a spear hardly big enough for a baby; but both
arrows and spears could sting, as the bear knew very well, and in his
fright he gave such a tug to his tail that it broke short off, and he
rolled away into the forest as fast as his legs could carry him. At
this sight the fox held his sides for laughing, and then scampered away
in another direction. By-and-by he came to a fir tree, and crept into a
hole under the root. After that he did something very strange.
Taking one of his hind feet between his two front paws, he said softly:
“What would you do, my foot, if someone was to betray me?”
“I would run so quickly that he should not catch you.”
“What would you do, mine ear, if someone was to betray me?”
“I would listen so hard that I should hear all his plans.”
“What would you do, my nose, if someone was to betray me?”
“I would smell so sharply that I should know from afar that he was
coming.”
“What would you do, my tail, if someone was to betray me?”
“I would steer you so straight a course that you would soon be beyond
his reach. Let us be off; I feel as if danger was near.”
But the fox was comfortable where he was, and did not hurry himself to
take his tail’s advice. And before very long he found he was too late,
for the bear had come round by another path, and guessing where his
enemy was began to scratch at the roots of the tree. The fox made
himself as small as he could, but a scrap of his tail peeped out, and
the bear seized it and held it tight. Then the fox dug his claws into
the ground, but he was not strong enough to pull against the bear, and
slowly he was dragged forth and his body flung over the bear’s neck. In
this manner they set out down the road, the fox’s tail being always in
the bear’s mouth.
After they had gone some way, they passed a tree-stump, on which a
bright coloured woodpecker was tapping.
“Ah! those were better times when I used to paint all the birds such
gay colours,” sighed the fox.
“What are you saying, old fellow?” asked the bear.
“I? Oh, I was saying nothing,” answered the fox drearily. “Just carry
me to your cave and eat me up as quick as you can.”
The bear was silent, and thought of his supper; and the two continued
their journey till they reached another tree with a woodpecker tapping
on it.
“Ah! those were better times when I used to paint all the birds such
gay colours,” said the fox again to himself.
“Couldn’t you paint me too?” asked the bear suddenly.
But the fox shook his head; for he was always acting, even if no one
was there to see him do it.
“You bear pain so badly,” he replied, in a thoughtful voice, “and you
are impatient besides, and could never put up with all that is
necessary. Why, you would first have to dig a pit, and then twist ropes
of willow, and drive in posts and fill the hole with pitch, and, last
of all, set it on fire. Oh, no; you would never be able to do all
that.”
“It does not matter a straw how hard the work is,” answered the bear
eagerly, “I will do it every bit.” And as he spoke he began tearing up
the earth so fast that soon a deep pit was ready, deep enough to hold
him.
“That is all right,” said the fox at last, “I see I was mistaken in
you. Now sit here, and I will bind you.” So the bear sat down on the
edge of the pit, and the fox sprang on his back, which he crossed with
the willow ropes, and then set fire to the pitch. It burnt up in an
instant, and caught the bands of willow and the bear’s rough hair; but
he did not stir, for he thought that the fox was rubbing the bright
colours into his skin, and that he would soon be as beautiful as a
whole meadow of flowers. But when the fire grew hotter still he moved
uneasily from one foot to the other, saying, imploringly: “It is
getting rather warm, old man.” But all the answer he got was: “I
thought you would never be able to suffer pain like those little
birds.”
The bear did not like being told that he was not as brave as a bird, so
he set his teeth and resolved to endure anything sooner than speak
again; but by this time the last willow band had burned through, and
with a push the fox sent his victim tumbling into the grass, and ran
off to hide himself in the forest. After a while he stole cautiously
and found, as he expected, nothing left but a few charred bones. These
he picked up and put in a bag, which he slung over his back.
By-and-by he met a Lapp driving his team of reindeer along the road,
and as he drew near, the fox rattled the bones gaily.
“That sounds like silver or gold,” thought the man to himself. And he
said politely to the fox:
“Good-day, friend! What have you got in your bag that makes such a
strange sound?”
“All the wealth my father left me,” answered the fox. “Do you feel
inclined to bargain?”
“Well, I don’t mind,” replied the Lapp, who was a prudent man, and did
not wish the fox to think him too eager; “but show me first what money
you have got.”
“Ah, but I can’t do that,” answered the fox, “my bag is sealed up. But
if you will give me those three reindeer, you shall take it as it is,
with all its contents.”
The Lapp did not quite like it, but the fox spoke with such an air that
his doubts melted away. He nodded, and stretched out his hand; the fox
put the bag into it, and unharnassed the reindeer he had chosen.
“Oh, I forgot!” he exclaimed, turning round, as he was about to drive
them in the opposite direction, “you must be sure not to open the bag
until you have gone at least five miles, right on the other side of
those hills out there. If you do, you will find that all the gold and
silver has changed into a parcel of charred bones.” Then he whipped up
his reindeer, and was soon out of sight.
For some time the Lapp was satisfied with hearing the bones rattle, and
thinking to himself what a good bargain he had made, and of all the
things he would buy with the money. But, after a bit, this amusement
ceased to content him, and besides, what was the use of planning when
you did not know for certain how rich you were? Perhaps there might be
a great deal of silver and only a little gold in the bag; or a great
deal of gold, and only a little silver. Who could tell? He would not,
of course, take the money out to count it, for that might bring him bad
luck. But there could be no harm in just one peep! So he slowly broke
the seal, and untied the strings, and, behold, a heap of burnt bones
lay before him! In a minute he knew he had been tricked, and flinging
the bag to the ground in a rage, he ran after the fox as fast as his
snow-shoes would carry him.
Now the fox had guessed exactly what would happen, and was on the look
out. Directly he saw the little speck coming towards him, he wished
that the man’s snow-shoes might break, and that very instant the Lapp’s
shoes snapped in two. The Lapp did now know that this was the fox’s
work, but he had to stop and fetch one of his other reindeer, which he
mounted, and set off again in pursuit of his enemy. The fox soon heard
him coming, and this time he wished that the reindeer might fall and
break its leg. And so it did; and the man felt it was a hopeless chase,
and that he was no match for the fox.
So the fox drove on in peace till he reached the cave where all his
stores were kept, and then he began to wonder whom he could get to help
him kill his reindeer, for though he could steal reindeer he was too
small to kill them. “After all, it will be quite easy,” thought he, and
he bade a squirrel, who was watching him on a tree close by, take a
message to all the robber beasts of the forest, and in less than half
an hour a great crashing of branches was heard, and bears, wolves,
snakes, mice, frogs, and other creatures came pressing up to the cave.
When they heard why they had been summoned, they declared themselves
ready each one to do his part. The bear took his crossbow from his neck
and shot the reindeer in the chin; and, from that day to this, every
reindeer has a mark in that same spot, which is always known as the
bear’s arrow. The wolf shot him in the thigh, and the sign of his arrow
still remains; and so with the mouse and the viper and all the rest,
even the frog; and at the last the reindeer all died. And the fox did
nothing, but looked on.
“I really must go down to the brook and wash myself,” said he (though
he was perfectly clean), and he went under the bank and hid himself
behind a stone. From there he set up the most frightful shrieks, so
that the animals fled away in all directions. Only the mouse and the
ermine remained where they were, for they thought that they were much
too small to be noticed.
The fox continued his shrieks till he felt sure that the animals must
have got to a safe distance; then he crawled out of his hiding-place
and went to the bodies of the reindeer, which he now had all to
himself. He gathered a bundle of sticks for a fire, and was just
preparing to cook a steak, when his enemy, the Lapp, came up, panting
with haste and excitement.
“What are you doing there?” cried he; “why did you palm off those bones
on me? And why, when you had got the reindeer, did you kill them?”
“Dear brother,” answered the fox with a sob, “do not blame me for this
misfortune. It is my comrades who have slain them in spite of my
prayers.”
The man made no reply, for the white fur of the ermine, who was
crouching with the mouse behind some stones, had just caught his eye.
He hastily seized the iron hook which hung over the fire and flung it
at the little creature; but the ermine was too quick for him, and the
hook only touched the top of its tail, and that has remained black to
this day. As for the mouse, the Lapp threw a half-burnt stick after
him, and though it was not enough to hurt him, his beautiful white skin
was smeared all over with it, and all the washing in the world would
not make him clean again. And the man would have been wiser if he had
let the ermine and the mouse alone, for when he turned round again he
found he was alone.
Directly the fox noticed that his enemy’s attention had wandered from
himself he watched his chance, and stole softly away till he had
reached a clump of thick bushes, when he ran as fast as he could, till
he reached a river, where a man was mending his boat.
“Oh, I wish, I wish, I had a boat to mend too!” he cried, sitting up on
his hind-legs and looking into the man’s face.
“Stop your silly chatter!” answered the man crossly, “or I will give
you a bath in the river.”
“Oh, I wish, I do wish, I had a boat to mend,” cried the fox again, as
if he had not heard. And the man grew angry and seized him by the tail,
and threw him far out in the stream close to the edge of an island;
which was just what the fox wanted. He easily scrambled up, and sitting
on the top, he called: “Hasten, hasten, O fishes, and carry me to the
other side!” And the fishes left the stones where they had been
sleeping, and the pools where they had been feeding, and hurried to see
who could get to the island first.
“I have won,” shouted the pike. “Jump on my back, dear fox, and you
will find yourself in a trice on the opposite shore.”
“No, thank you,” answered the fox, “your back is much too weak for me.
I should break it.”
“Try mine,” said the eel, who had wriggled to the front.
“No, thank you,” replied the fox again, “I should slip over your head
and be drowned.”
“You won’t slip on MY back,” said the perch, coming forward.
“No; but you are really TOO rough,” returned the fox.
“Well, you can have no fault to find with ME,” put in the trout.
“Good gracious! are YOU here?” exclaimed the fox. “But I’m afraid to
trust myself to you either.”
At this moment a fine salmon swam slowly up.
“Ah, yes, you are the person I want,” said the fox; “but come near, so
that I may get on your back, without wetting my feet.”
So the salmon swam close under the island, and when he was touching it
the fox seized him in his claws and drew him out of the water, and put
him on a spit, while he kindled a fire to cook him by. When everything
was ready, and the water in the pot was getting hot, he popped him in,
and waited till he thought the salmon was nearly boiled. But as he
stooped down the water gave a sudden fizzle, and splashed into the
fox’s eyes, blinding him. He started backwards with a cry of pain, and
sat still for some minutes, rocking himself to and fro. When he was a
little better he rose and walked down a road till he met a grouse, who
stopped and asked what was the matter.
“Have you a pair of eyes anywhere about you?” asked the fox politely.
“No, I am afraid I haven’t,” answered the grouse, and passed on.
A little while after the fox heard the buzzing of an early bee, whom a
gleam of sun had tempted out.
“Do you happen to have an extra pair of eyes anywhere?” asked the fox.
“I am sorry to say I have only those I am using,” replied the bee. And
the fox went on till he nearly fell over an asp who was gliding across
the road.
“I should be SO glad if you would tell me where I could get a pair of
eyes,” said the fox. “I suppose you don’t happen to have any you could
lend me?”
“Well, if you only want them for a short time, perhaps I could manage,”
answered the asp; “but I can’t do without them for long.”
“Oh, it is only for a very short time that I need them,” said the fox;
“I have a pair of my own just behind that hill, and when I find them I
will bring yours back to you. Perhaps you will keep these till them.”
So he took the eyes out of his own head and popped them into the head
of the asp, and put the asp’s eyes in their place. As he was running
off he cried over his shoulder: “As long as the world lasts the asps’
eyes will go down in the heads of foxes from generation to generation.”
And so it has been; and if you look at the eyes of an asp you will see
that they are all burnt; and though thousands and thousands of years
have gone by since the fox was going about playing tricks upon
everybody he met, the asp still bears the traces of the day when the
sly creature cooked the salmon.
[Lapplandische Mahrchen.]
Story DNA
Moral
Cunning and wit can overcome brute strength and size, but sometimes even the cleverest can suffer consequences.
Plot Summary
A clever fox, bored and mischievous, repeatedly tricks a Lapp, first stealing fish from his sledge by feigning death, then leading a gullible bear to lose its tail while 'fishing' in ice. The fox later outwits the vengeful bear, tricking it into a fiery death. After further escapes from the Lapp and orchestrating the killing of reindeer by other animals, the fox is blinded by a cooking accident. He then tricks an asp into exchanging eyes, explaining the origin of the asp's 'burnt' eyes and the fox's keen sight, cementing his reputation as a master trickster.
Themes
Emotional Arc
amusement to mild discomfort to continued amusement
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
The story reflects the traditional lifestyle and environment of the Sami people, where animals like reindeer are central to survival and interactions with wildlife are common. The trickster figure is a common archetype in many folk traditions.
Plot Beats (14)
- A bored fox pretends to be dead to trick a passing Lapp with a reindeer sledge.
- The Lapp picks up the 'dead' fox, who then repeatedly escapes from different sledges, eventually detaching the fish-laden sledge and stealing fish.
- The fox meets a hungry bear and tricks it into 'fishing' by putting its tail in freezing water, causing the bear to lose its tail when it tries to pull free from the ice.
- The fox is later captured by the vengeful bear, who carries him by the tail.
- The fox tricks the bear into believing he can paint birds with bright colors, convincing the bear to dig a pit, fill it with pitch, and set it on fire, leading to the bear's demise.
- The fox tricks the Lapp into believing a bag of burnt bones is treasure, causing the Lapp to abandon his pursuit.
- The fox uses wishes to disable the Lapp's snowshoes and reindeer, ensuring his escape.
- The fox summons other forest animals to help him kill stolen reindeer, then scares them away with fake shrieks to claim the meat for himself.
- The Lapp returns, confronts the fox, and in anger, causes the ermine's tail to turn black and the mouse's fur to be stained.
- The fox escapes the Lapp again by tricking a man mending a boat into throwing him onto an island.
- On the island, the fox tricks a salmon into carrying him across the river, then catches and prepares to cook the salmon.
- The cooking salmon's water splashes into the fox's eyes, blinding him.
- The fox encounters a grouse, a bee, and an asp, asking for eyes.
- The fox tricks the asp into exchanging eyes, claiming he will return them, thus explaining why asps have burnt-looking eyes and foxes have keen sight.
Characters
Fox
Beautiful fur, cunning eyes, bushy tail
Attire: Natural fur
Cunning, mischievous, selfish
Lapp
Strong, hardy
Attire: Traditional Lapp clothing: tunic, leggings, reindeer-skin boots, belt
Gullible, easily angered, opportunistic
Bear
Large, brown fur, short tail (after the incident)
Attire: Natural fur
Gullible, greedy, easily angered
Ermine
Small, white fur with a black-tipped tail
Attire: Natural fur
Cautious
Mouse
Small, white fur smeared with soot
Attire: Natural fur
Cautious
Salmon
Large, silvery fish
Attire: Natural scales
Trusting
Asp
Snake with burnt-looking eyes
Attire: Natural scales
Gullible
Locations
Fox's Hole by the Road
A hole near a road, overlooking the snowy landscape. The road is not far away.
Mood: dull, cross, expectant
The fox decides to trick the Lapp.
Frozen Stream Bank
A stream with lightly frozen patches, glittering in the spring sunshine. Elves are said to bathe here.
Mood: deceptive, cold
The fox tricks the bear into freezing his tail.
River Island
A small island in a river, close to the edge. A man is mending his boat nearby.
Mood: treacherous, opportunistic
The fox tricks the fish and tries to cook the salmon.