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The Husband of the Rat's Daughter

by Andrew Lang

The Husband of the Rat's Daughter

The Rat Princess

CEFR A1 Age 5 343 words 2 min Canon 100/100

Once upon a time, a rat family lived in a hole. Papa Rat and Mama Rat had a daughter. Her name was Little Rat. She was very pretty and kind. They were a happy family.

"It is time for a husband," said Papa Rat. "I know a good rat," he said. "No," said Mama Rat. "I want someone bigger!" They talked and talked.

Mama Rat had a big idea. "We will find the greatest one!" she said. "The greatest, the best!" she cried. Little Rat said nothing.

They went to the Sun. "Hello, Sun," said Mama Rat. "Will you marry our Little Rat?" The Sun smiled. "I am big," said the Sun. "But the Cloud is bigger. He covers me up." The rats said, "Oh."

They went to the Cloud. "Hello, Cloud," said Mama Rat. "Will you marry our Little Rat?" The Cloud was soft. "I am big," said the Cloud. "But the Wind is bigger. He pushes me away." The rats said, "Oh."

They went to the Wind. "Whoosh!" went the Wind. "Hello, Wind," said Mama Rat. "Will you marry our Little Rat?" The Wind was fast. "I am big," said the Wind. "But the Wall is bigger. He stops me." The rats said, "Oh."

They went to the Wall. The Wall was old and kind. "Hello, Wall," said Mama Rat. "Will you marry our Little Rat?" Then Little Rat spoke. "No!" she said. "I will not marry the Wall. I love the handsome young rat! Only him!" She was very brave.

The Wall felt sad. "I am old," said the Wall. "But rats are greater than me. Rats can make holes in me. Rats are the greatest!" He was very kind.

"Ah!" said Papa Rat. "I was right!" Mama Rat was surprised. Then she smiled. "Yes! A rat is best!" she said. "A rat son-in-law is what I always wanted!" She was happy.

They all went home. Little Rat married her rat friend. They had a happy, happy wedding. Everyone smiled. Being yourself is the best. Rats are great! The end.

Original Story 1040 words · 5 min read

![Cover](/library-files/english/andrew_lang/the_brown_fairy_book/the_husband_of_the_rats_daughter/images/cover/cover_001.png)

The Husband of the Rat’s Daughter Once upon a time there lived in Japan a rat and his wife who came of an old and noble race, and had one daughter, the loveliest girl in all the rat world. Her parents were very proud of her, and spared no pains to teach her all she ought to know. There was not another young lady in the whole town who was as clever as she was in gnawing through the hardest wood, or who could drop from such a height on to a bed, or run away so fast if anyone was heard coming. Great attention, too, was paid to her personal appearance, and her skin shone like satin, while her teeth were as white as pearls, and beautifully pointed. Of course, with all these advantages, her parents expected her to make a brilliant marriage, and, as she grew up, they began to look round for a suitable husband. But here a difficulty arose. The father was a rat from the tip of his nose to the end of his tail, outside as well as in, and desired that his daughter should wed among her own people. She had no lack of lovers, but her father’s secret hopes rested on a fine young rat, with moustaches which almost swept the ground, whose family was still nobler and more ancient than his own. Unluckily, the mother had other views for her precious child. She was one of those people who always despise their own family and surroundings, and take pleasure in thinking that they themselves are made of finer material than the rest of the world. “HER daughter should never marry a mere rat,” she declared, holding her head high. “With her beauty and talents she had a right to look for someone a little better than THAT.” So she talked, as mothers will, to anyone that would listen to her. What the girl thought about the matter nobody knew or cared—it was not the fashion in the rat world. Many were the quarrels which the old rat and his wife had upon the subject, and sometimes they bore on their faces certain marks which looked as if they had not kept to words only. “Reach up to the stars is MY motto,” cried the lady one day, when she was in a greater passion than usual. “My daughter’s beauty places her higher than anything upon earth,” she cried; “and I am certainly not going to accept a son-in-law who is beneath her.” “Better offer her in marriage to the sun,” answered her husband impatiently. “As far as I know there is nothing greater than he.” “Well, I WAS thinking of it,” replied the wife, “and as you are of the same mind, we will pay him a visit to-morrow.” So the next morning, the two rats, having spent hours in making themselves smart, set out to see the sun, leading their daughter between them. The journey took some time, but at length they came to the golden palace where the sun lived. “Noble king,” began the mother, “behold our daughter! She is so beautiful that she is above everything in the whole world. Naturally, we wish for a son-in-law who, on his side, is greater than all. Therefore we have come to you.” “I feel very much flattered,” replied the sun, who was so busy that he had not the least wish to marry anybody. “You do me great honour by your proposal. Only, in one point you are mistaken, and it would be wrong of me to take advantage of your ignorance. There is something greater than I am, and that is the cloud. Look!” And as he spoke a cloud spread itself over the sun’s face, blotting out his rays. “Oh, well, we will speak to the cloud,” said the mother. And turning to the cloud she repeated her proposal. “Indeed I am unworthy of anything so charming,” answered the cloud; “but you make a mistake again in what you say. There is one thing that is even more powerful than I, and that is the wind. Ah, here he comes, you can see for yourself.” And she DID see, for catching up the cloud as he passed, he threw it on the other side of the sky. Then, tumbling father, mother and daughter down to the earth again, he paused for a moment beside them, his foot on an old wall. When she had recovered her breath, the mother began her little speech once more. “The wall is the proper husband for your daughter,” answered the wind, whose home consisted of a cave, which he only visited when he was not rushing about elsewhere; “you can see for yourself that he is greater than I, for he has power to stop me in my flight.” And the mother, who did not trouble to conceal her wishes, turned at once to the wall. Then something happened which was quite unexpected by everyone. “I won’t marry that ugly old wall, which is as old as my grandfather,” sobbed the girl, who had not uttered one word all this time. “I would have married the sun, or the cloud, or the wind, because it was my duty, although I love the handsome young rat, and him only. But that horrid old wall—I would sooner die!” And the wall, rather hurt in his feelings, declared that he had no claim to be the husband of so beautiful a girl. “It is quite true,” he said, “that I can stop the wind who can part the clouds who can cover the sun; but there is someone who can do more than all these, and that is the rat. It is the rat who passes through me, and can reduce me to powder, simply with his teeth. If, therefore, you want a son-in-law who is greater than the whole world, seek him among the rats.” “Ah, what did I tell you?” cried the father. And his wife, though for the moment angry at being beaten, soon thought that a rat son-in-law was what she had always desired. So all three returned happily home, and the wedding was celebrated three days after. [Contes Populaires.]

Moral of the Story

True worth and power can be found in unexpected places, and one should not despise their own kind in pursuit of perceived greatness.


Characters 7 characters

Rat's Daughter ★ protagonist

rat young adult female

Lovelist girl in all the rat world, skin shone like satin, teeth white as pearls and beautifully pointed

Attire: Small silk kimono appropriate for a young lady of rank in rat society, tiny ornamental comb

Obedient, secretly romantic, ultimately assertive

Rat Father ◆ supporting

rat adult male

A rat from the tip of his nose to the end of his tail

Attire: Formal rat attire, perhaps a small waistcoat and tie

Proud, traditional, easily overruled

Rat Mother ◆ supporting

rat adult female

Believes herself to be made of finer material than the rest of the world

Attire: Elegant rat attire, perhaps a small hat or shawl

Snobbish, ambitious, domineering

Sun ○ minor

celestial body ageless unknown

Golden palace

Busy, diplomatic, honest

Cloud ○ minor

weather phenomenon ageless unknown

Spreads itself over the sun's face

Humble, yielding

Wind ○ minor

weather phenomenon ageless unknown

Rushing about

Powerful, restless

Wall ○ minor

object elderly unknown

Ugly and old

Hurt, honest, self-deprecating

Locations 3 locations
Rat Family Home

Rat Family Home

indoor

A home of a noble rat family in Japan, well-maintained and comfortable.

Mood: Warm, secure, domestic

Introduction of the rat family and their daughter; initial conflict about finding a suitable husband.

hard woodbedsatin-like skinpearl-white teeth
Golden Palace of the Sun

Golden Palace of the Sun

outdoor morning Implied sunny weather

A radiant palace where the sun resides, presumably high in the sky.

Mood: Bright, powerful, imposing

The rat family proposes their daughter to the sun, who redirects them to the cloud.

golden palacesun's rays
Beside the Old Wall

Beside the Old Wall

transitional afternoon

An old, weathered wall on the earth, where the wind pauses.

Mood: Exposed, weathered, somewhat desolate

The wind tumbles the rat family to the earth and suggests the wall as a husband; the daughter refuses.

old wallearthwind

Story DNA fairy tale · humorous

Moral

True worth and power can be found in unexpected places, and one should not despise their own kind in pursuit of perceived greatness.

Plot Summary

A noble rat couple seeks a husband for their beautiful daughter. The mother, despising their own kind, insists on finding the 'greatest' being in the world, leading them to successively approach the Sun, Cloud, Wind, and Wall. Each powerful entity humbly admits that something else is greater. Finally, the daughter, who has been silent, refuses the Wall and confesses her love for a handsome young rat. The Wall then reveals that rats are, in fact, greater than he, as they can gnaw through him. The parents, now enlightened, return home, and the daughter marries the rat she loves.

Themes

humilitytrue worthparental expectationssocial climbing

Emotional Arc

pride to humility

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: anthropomorphism, rule of three (repeated attempts to find a husband)

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person (mother vs father, mother vs daughter's true feelings), person vs society (mother's disdain for her own kind)
Ending: happy
Magic: talking animals (rats), personification of natural elements (Sun, Cloud, Wind, Wall)
the Sun (ultimate power, initially perceived)the Wall (seemingly immovable, but vulnerable)the Rat (humble, yet possessing true, understated power)

Cultural Context

Origin: Japanese (as collected by Andrew Lang)
Era: timeless fairy tale

Andrew Lang was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and folklorist who collected and published fairy tales from various cultures in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This particular tale is noted as 'Contes Populaires,' indicating a French source for a popular tale, likely a translation of a Japanese folk tale.

Plot Beats (12)

  1. A noble rat couple in Japan has a beautiful, talented daughter.
  2. The parents decide it's time for her to marry, but disagree on a suitable husband.
  3. The father wants her to marry a fine young rat, but the mother despises rats and wants a 'greater' son-in-law.
  4. The mother, convinced her daughter is above all, decides to seek the greatest being in the world as a husband.
  5. The parents, with their daughter, visit the Sun to propose marriage.
  6. The Sun declines, stating the Cloud is greater because it can block his light.
  7. The parents then approach the Cloud, who declines, stating the Wind is greater because it can move the cloud.
  8. The parents then approach the Wind, who declines, stating the Wall is greater because it can stop the wind.
  9. The mother turns to the Wall, but the daughter, for the first time, speaks up and refuses to marry the Wall, confessing her love for a handsome young rat.
  10. The Wall, feeling hurt, humbly admits that the rat is actually greater than he, as rats can gnaw through walls.
  11. The father exclaims he was right all along, and the mother, though initially annoyed, quickly agrees that a rat son-in-law is what she always wanted.
  12. The family returns home, and the daughter marries the handsome young rat she loves.

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