The Golden Lads
by Andrew Lang · from The Green Fairy Book
Original Story
THE GOLDEN LADS
A poor man and his wife lived in a little cottage, where they supported
themselves by catching fish in the nearest river, and got on as best
they could, living from hand to mouth. One day it happened that when the
fisherman drew in his net he found in it a remarkable fish, for it was
entirely of gold. As he was inspecting it with some surprise, the fish
opened its mouth and said: 'Listen to me, fisher; if you will just throw
me back into the water I'll turn your poor little cottage into a
splendid castle.'
The fisher replied: 'What good, pray, will a castle be to me if I have
nothing to eat in it?'
'Oh,' said the gold fish, 'I'll take care of that. There will be a
cupboard in the castle, in which you will find dishes of every kind of
food you can wish for most.'
'If that's the case,' said the man, 'I've no objection to oblige you.'
'Yes,' observed the fish, 'but there is one condition attached to my
offer, and that is that you are not to reveal to a soul where your good
fortune comes from. If you say a word about it, it will all vanish.'
The man threw the fish back into the water, and went home. But on the
spot where his cottage used to stand he found a spacious castle. He
opened his eyes wide, went in and found his wife dressed out in smart
clothes, sitting in a splendidly furnished drawing-room. She was in high
spirits, and cried out: 'Oh husband! how can this all have happened? I
am so pleased!'
'Yes,' said her husband, 'so am I pleased; but I'm uncommonly hungry,
and I want something to eat at once.'
Said his wife, 'I've got nothing, and I don't know where anything is in
this new house.'
'Never mind,' replied the man. 'I see a big cupboard there. Suppose you
unlock it.'
When the cupboard was opened they found meat, cakes, fruit, and wine,
all spread out in the most tempting fashions. The wife clapped her hands
with joy, and cried: 'Dear heart! what more can one wish for?' and they
sat down and ate and drank.
When they had finished the wife asked, 'But husband, where do all these
riches come from?'
[Illustration]
'Ah!' said he, 'don't ask me. I dare not tell you. If I reveal the
secret to anyone, it will be all up with us.'
'Very well,' she replied, 'if I'm not to be told, of course I don't want
to know anything about it.'
But she was not really in earnest, for her curiosity never left her a
moment's peace by day or night, and she teazed and worried her husband
to such a pitch, that at length he quite lost patience and blurted out
that it all came from a wonderful golden fish which he had caught and
set free again. Hardly were the words well out of his mouth, when
castle, cupboard, and all vanished, and there they were sitting in their
poor little fishing hut once more.
The man had to betake himself to his former trade, and set to fishing
again. As luck would have it, he caught the golden fish a second time.
'Now listen,' said the fish, 'if you'll throw me back into the water,
I'll give you back the castle and the cupboard with all its good things;
but now take care, and don't for your life betray where you got them, or
you'll just lose them again.'
'I'll be very careful,' promised the fisher, and threw the fish back
into the water. When he went home he found all their former splendour
restored, and his wife overjoyed at their good fortune. But her
curiosity still continued to torment her, and after restraining it with
a great effort for a couple of days, she began questioning her husband
again, as to what had happened, and how he had managed.
The man kept silence for some time, but at last she irritated him so
much that he burst out with the secret, and in one moment the castle was
gone, and they sat once more in their wretched old hut.
'There!' exclaimed the man, 'you would have it--now we may just go on
short commons.'
'Ah!' said his wife, 'after all I'd rather not have all the riches in
the world if I can't know where they come from--I shall not have a
moment's peace.'
The man took to his fishing again, and one day fate brought the gold
fish into his net for the third time. 'Well,' said the fish, 'I see that
I am evidently destined to fall into your hands. Now take me home, and
cut me into six pieces. Give two bits to your wife to eat, two to your
horse, and plant the remaining two in your garden, and they will bring
you a blessing.'
The man carried the fish home, and did exactly as he had been told.
After a time, it came to pass that from the two pieces he had planted in
the garden two golden lilies grew up, and that his horse had two golden
foals, whilst his wife gave birth to twin boys who were all golden.
The children grew up both tall and handsome, and the foals and the
lilies grew with them.
One day the children came to their father and said, 'Father, we want to
mount on golden steeds, and ride forth to see the world.'
Their father answered sadly, 'How can I bear it if, when you are far
away, I know nothing about you?' and they said, 'The golden lilies will
tell you all about us if you look at them. If they seem to droop, you
will know we are ill, and if they fall down and fade away, it will be a
sign we are dead.'
So off they rode, and came to an inn where were a number of people who,
as soon as they saw the two golden lads, began to laugh and jeer at
them. When one of them heard this, his heart failed him, and he thought
he would go no further into the world, so he turned back and rode home
to his father, but his brother rode on till he reached the outskirts of
a huge forest. Here he was told, 'It will never do for you to ride
through the forest, it is full of robbers, and you're sure to come to
grief, especially when they see that you and your horse are golden. They
will certainly fall on you and kill you.' However, he was not to be
intimidated, but said, 'I must and will ride on.'
So he procured some bears' skins, and covered himself and his horse with
them, so that not a particle of gold could be seen, and then rode
bravely on into the heart of the forest.
When he had got some way he heard a rustling through the bushes and
presently a sound of voices. Someone whispered on one side of him:
'There goes someone,' and was answered from the other side: 'Oh, let him
pass. He's only a bear-keeper, and as poor as any church mouse.' So
golden lad rode through the forest and no harm befell him.
One day he came to a village, where he saw a girl who struck him as
being the loveliest creature in the whole world, and as he felt a great
love for her, he went up to her and said: 'I love you with all my heart;
will you be my wife?' And the girl liked him so much that she put her
hand in his and replied: 'Yes, I will be your wife, and will be true to
you as long as I live.'
So they were married, and in the middle of all the festivities and
rejoicings the bride's father came home and was not a little surprised
at finding his daughter celebrating her wedding. He enquired: 'And who
is the bridegroom?'
Then someone pointed out to him the golden lad, who was still wrapped up
in the bear's skin, and the father exclaimed angrily: 'Never shall a
mere bear-keeper have my daughter,' and tried to rush at him and kill
him. But the bride did all she could to pacify him, and begged hard,
saying: 'After all he is my husband, and I love him with all my heart,'
so that at length he gave in.
[Illustration]
However, he could not dismiss the thought from his mind, and next
morning he rose very early, for he felt he must go and look at his
daughter's husband and see whether he really was nothing better than a
mere ragged beggar. So he went to his son-in-law's room, and who should
he see lying in the bed but a splendid golden man, and the rough
bearskin thrown on the ground close by. Then he slipped quietly away,
and thought to himself, 'How lucky that I managed to control my rage! I
should certainly have committed a great crime.'
Meantime the golden lad dreamt that he was out hunting and was giving
chase to a noble stag, and when he woke he said to his bride: 'I must go
off and hunt.' She felt very anxious, and begged he would stay at home,
adding: 'Some mishap might so easily befall you,' but he answered, 'I
must and will go.'
So he went off into the forest, and before long a fine stag, such as he
had seen in his dream, stopped just in front of him. He took aim, and
was about to fire when the stag bounded away. Then he started off in
pursuit, making his way through bushes and briars, and never stopped all
day; but in the evening the stag entirely disappeared, and when golden
lad came to look about him he found himself just opposite a hut in which
lived a witch. He knocked at the door, which was opened by a little old
woman who asked, 'What do you want at this late hour in the midst of
this great forest?'
He said, 'Haven't you seen a stag about here?'
'Yes,' said she, 'I know the stag well,' and as she spoke a little dog
ran out of the house and began barking and snapping at the stranger.
'Be quiet, you little toad,' he cried, 'or I'll shoot you dead.'
Then the witch flew into a great rage, and screamed out, 'What! you'll
kill my dog, will you?' and the next moment he was turned to stone and
lay there immovable, whilst his bride waited for him in vain and thought
to herself, 'Alas! no doubt the evil I feared, and which has made my
heart so heavy, has befallen him.'
Meantime, the other brother was standing near the golden lilies at home,
when suddenly one of them bent over and fell to the ground. 'Good
heavens!' cried he, 'some great misfortune has befallen my brother. I
must set off at once; perhaps I may still be in time to save him.'
His father entreated him, 'Stay at home. If I should lose you too, what
would become of me?'
But his son replied, 'I must and will go.'
Then he mounted his golden horse, and rode off till he reached the
forest where his brother lay transformed to stone. The old witch came
out of her house and called to him, for she would gladly have cast her
spells on him too, but he took care not to go near her, and called out:
'Restore my brother to life at once, or I'll shoot you down on the
spot.'
Reluctantly she touched the stone with her finger, and in a moment it
resumed its human shape. The two golden lads fell into each other's arms
and kissed each other with joy, and then rode off together to the edge
of the forest, where they parted, one to return to his old father, and
the other to his bride.
When the former got home his father said, 'I knew you had delivered your
brother, for all of a sudden the golden lily reared itself up and burst
into blossom.'
Then they all lived happily to their lives' ends, and all things went
well with them.
Grimm.
Story DNA
Moral
Disobedience and a lack of trust can lead to the loss of good fortune, but perseverance and courage can overcome even the most dire circumstances.
Plot Summary
A poor fisherman catches a golden fish that grants wishes for a castle and magical cupboard, but his wife's insatiable curiosity twice causes them to lose their fortune. On the third encounter, the fish instructs the fisherman to cut it into pieces, resulting in twin golden sons, golden foals, and golden lilies that reflect the sons' well-being. One golden son embarks on an adventure, disguises himself to avoid danger, marries a beautiful woman, but is later turned to stone by a witch. His brother, alerted by a wilting lily, bravely confronts the witch, forcing her to restore his brother, leading to a happy reunion and lasting prosperity for the family.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This story, attributed to Grimm, reflects common European folk tale motifs of magical helpers, tests of character, and the consequences of human flaws like curiosity and impatience.
Plot Beats (13)
- Poor fisherman catches a golden fish that promises a castle and magic cupboard if released and secret kept.
- Fisherman's wife's curiosity leads him to reveal the secret, causing the castle and cupboard to vanish.
- Fisherman catches the golden fish a second time, regains the castle and cupboard, but loses them again due to his wife's persistent questioning.
- Fisherman catches the golden fish a third time; the fish instructs him to cut it up, giving pieces to his wife, horse, and garden.
- The fish pieces result in twin golden sons, two golden foals, and two golden lilies.
- The golden sons decide to explore the world on their golden steeds, with the lilies serving as a magical link to their well-being.
- The first golden son encounters ridicule but continues his journey, disguising himself and his horse with bearskins to avoid robbers.
- The first golden son falls in love with a girl and marries her, initially facing disapproval from her father who believes him to be a poor bear-keeper.
- The father-in-law discovers the golden son's true nature, realizing his mistake and avoiding a crime.
- The first golden son pursues a magical stag, which leads him to a witch's hut where he is turned to stone.
- The second golden son, seeing his lily droop, sets out to find his brother.
- The second golden son confronts the witch, threatening her until she restores his brother to life.
- The two golden brothers embrace, one returning to his wife, the other to his father, and all live happily ever after.
Characters
Fisher
Poor, but capable
Attire: Simple fisherman's clothing, patched and worn
Gullible, easily tempted, eventually learns to value peace over riches
Fisher's Wife
Curious and easily excited
Attire: Initially wears simple peasant clothes, later fine dresses in the castle
Inquisitive, discontent, values knowledge (even if it brings misfortune)
Golden Fish
Entirely golden, shimmering scales
Wise, magical, gives conditional gifts
First Golden Lad
Tall, handsome, and entirely golden
Attire: Fine clothing befitting his golden appearance, later disguised in bearskins
Brave, determined, loving
Second Golden Lad
Tall, handsome, and entirely golden
Attire: Fine clothing befitting his golden appearance
Loyal, cautious, brave when necessary
Bride
Loveliness that strikes the Golden Lad
Attire: Simple but elegant village dress, wedding attire
Loving, loyal, persuasive
Witch
Little and old, with magical powers
Attire: Ragged, dark clothing
Vengeful, cruel, easily angered
Locations
Poor Fisherman's Cottage
A small, humble dwelling, barely providing enough for the fisherman and his wife to survive.
Mood: impoverished, meager
The starting point of their poverty and the eventual return after losing the castle twice.
Splendid Castle
A spacious castle with a splendidly furnished drawing-room and smart clothes for the wife.
Mood: luxurious, opulent
The initial reward from the golden fish and subsequent loss due to the wife's curiosity.
Garden with Golden Lilies
A garden where two pieces of the golden fish are planted, resulting in the growth of two golden lilies.
Mood: magical, symbolic
The birth of the golden lads and the lilies serving as a connection to them.
Dark Forest
A vast and dangerous forest, filled with robbers and other perils.
Mood: threatening, perilous
The golden lad's journey, encounter with the witch, and subsequent rescue by his brother.
Witch's Hut
A small, isolated hut located deep within the forest.
Mood: eerie, malevolent
The location where one of the golden lads is turned to stone and later revived.