The Three Little Pigs
by Andrew Lang · from The Green Fairy Book
Original Story
THE THREE LITTLE PIGS
There was once upon a time a pig who lived with her three children on a
large, comfortable, old-fashioned farmyard. The eldest of the little
pigs was called Browny, the second Whitey, and the youngest and best
looking Blacky. Now Browny was a very dirty little pig, and I am sorry
to say spent most of his time rolling and wallowing about in the mud. He
was never so happy as on a wet day, when the mud in the farmyard got
soft, and thick, and slab. Then he would steal away from his mother's
side, and finding the muddiest place in the yard, would roll about in it
and thoroughly enjoy himself. His mother often found fault with him for
this, and would shake her head sadly and say: 'Ah, Browny! some day you
will be sorry that you did not obey your old mother.' But no words of
advice or warning could cure Browny of his bad habits.
[Illustration]
Whitey was quite a clever little pig, but she was greedy. She was always
thinking of her food, and looking forward to her dinner; and when the
farm girl was seen carrying the pails across the yard, she would rise up
on her hind legs and dance and caper with excitement. As soon as the
food was poured into the trough she jostled Blacky and Browny out of the
way in her eagerness to get the best and biggest bits for herself. Her
mother often scolded her for her selfishness, and told her that some day
she would suffer for being so greedy and grabbing.
Blacky was a good, nice little pig, neither dirty nor greedy. He had
nice dainty ways (for a pig), and his skin was always as smooth and
shining as black satin. He was much cleverer than Browny and Whitey, and
his mother's heart used to swell with pride when she heard the farmer's
friends say to each other that some day the little black fellow would be
a prize pig.
Now the time came when the mother pig felt old and feeble and near her
end. One day she called the three little pigs round her and said:
'My children, I feel that I am growing old and weak, and that I shall
not live long. Before I die I should like to build a house for each of
you, as this dear old sty in which we have lived so happily will be
given to a new family of pigs, and you will have to turn out. Now,
Browny, what sort of a house would you like to have?'
'A house of mud,' replied Browny, looking longingly at a wet puddle in
the corner of the yard.
'And you, Whitey?' said the mother pig in rather a sad voice, for she
was disappointed that Browny had made so foolish a choice.
'A house of cabbage,' answered Whitey, with a mouth full, and scarcely
raising her snout out of the trough in which she was grubbing for some
potato-parings.
'Foolish, foolish child!' said the mother pig, looking quite distressed,
'And you, Blacky?' turning to her youngest son, 'what sort of a house
shall I order for you?'
'A house of brick, please mother, as it will be warm in winter, and cool
in summer, and safe all the year round.'
'That is a sensible little pig,' replied his mother, looking fondly at
him. 'I will see that the three houses are got ready at once. And now
one last piece of advice. You have heard me talk of our old enemy the
fox. When he hears that I am dead, he is sure to try and get hold of
you, to carry you off to his den. He is very sly and will no doubt
disguise himself, and pretend to be a friend, but you must promise me
not to let him enter your houses on any pretext whatever.'
And the little pigs readily promised, for they had always had a great
fear of the fox, of whom they had heard many terrible tales. A short
time afterwards the old pig died, and the little pigs went to live in
their own houses.
Browny was quite delighted with his soft mud walls and with the clay
floor, which soon looked like nothing but a big mud pie. But that was
what Browny enjoyed, and he was as happy as possible, rolling about all
day and making himself in such a mess. One day, as he was lying half
asleep in the mud, he heard a soft knock at his door, and a gentle voice
said:
'May I come in, Master Browny? I want to see your beautiful new house.'
'Who are you?' said Browny, starting up in great fright, for though the
voice sounded gentle, he felt sure it was a feigned voice, and he feared
it was the fox.
'I am a friend come to call on you,' answered the voice.
'No, no,' replied Browny, 'I don't believe you are a friend. You are the
wicked fox, against whom our mother warned us. I won't let you in.'
'Oho! is that the way you answer me?' said the fox, speaking very
roughly in his natural voice. 'We shall soon see who is master here,'
and with his paws he set to work and scraped a large hole in the soft
mud walls. A moment later he had jumped through it, and catching Browny
by the neck, flung him on his shoulders and trotted off with him to his
den.
The next day, as Whitey was munching a few leaves of cabbage out of the
corner of her house, the fox stole up to her door, determined to carry
her off to join her brother in his den. He began speaking to her in the
same feigned gentle voice in which he had spoken to Browny; but it
frightened her very much when he said:
'I am a friend come to visit you, and to have some of your good cabbage
for my dinner.'
'Please don't touch it,' cried Whitey in great distress. 'The cabbages
are the walls of my house, and if you eat them you will make a hole, and
the wind and rain will come in and give me a cold. Do go away; I am sure
you are not a friend, but our wicked enemy the fox.' And poor Whitey
began to whine and to whimper, and to wish that she had not been such a
greedy little pig, and had chosen a more solid material than cabbages
for her house. But it was too late now, and in another minute the fox
had eaten his way through the cabbage walls, and had caught the
trembling, shivering Whitey, and carried her off to his den.
The next day the fox started off for Blacky's house, because he had made
up his mind that he would get the three little pigs together in his den,
and then kill them, and invite all his friends to a feast. But when he
reached the brick house, he found that the door was bolted and barred,
so in his sly manner he began, 'Do let me in, dear Blacky. I have
brought you a present of some eggs that I picked up in a farmyard on my
way here.'
[Illustration]
'No, no, Mister Fox,' replied Blacky, 'I am not going to open my door to
you. I know your cunning ways. You have carried off poor Browny and
Whitey, but you are not going to get me.'
At this the fox was so angry that he dashed with all his force against
the wall, and tried to knock it down. But it was too strong and
well-built; and though the fox scraped and tore at the bricks with his
paws he only hurt himself, and at last he had to give it up, and limp
away with his fore-paws all bleeding and sore.
'Never mind!' he cried angrily as he went off, 'I'll catch you another
day, see if I don't, and won't I grind your bones to powder when I have
got you in my den!' and he snarled fiercely and showed his teeth.
Next day Blacky had to go into the neighbouring town to do some
marketing and to buy a big kettle. As he was walking home with it slung
over his shoulder, he heard a sound of steps stealthily creeping after
him. For a moment his heart stood still with fear, and then a happy
thought came to him. He had just reached the top of a hill, and could
see his own little house nestling at the foot of it among the trees. In
a moment he had snatched the lid off the kettle and had jumped in
himself. Coiling himself round he lay quite snug in the bottom of the
kettle, while with his fore-leg he managed to put the lid on, so that he
was entirely hidden. With a little kick from the inside he started the
kettle off, and down the hill it rolled full tilt; and when the fox came
up, all that he saw was a large black kettle spinning over the ground at
a great pace. Very much disappointed, he was just going to turn away,
when he saw the kettle stop close to the little brick house, and in a
moment later Blacky jumped out of it and escaped with the kettle into
the house, when he barred and bolted the door, and put the shutter up
over the window.
'Oho!' exclaimed the fox to himself, 'you think you will escape me that
way, do you? We shall soon see about that, my friend,' and very quietly
and stealthily he prowled round the house looking for some way to climb
on to the roof.
In the meantime Blacky had filled the kettle with water, and having put
it on the fire, sat down quietly waiting for it to boil. Just as the
kettle was beginning to sing, and steam to come out of the spout, he
heard a sound like a soft, muffled step, patter, patter, patter
overhead, and the next moment the fox's head and fore-paws were seen
coming down the chimney. But Blacky very wisely had not put the lid on
the kettle, and, with a yelp of pain, the fox fell into the boiling
water, and before he could escape, Blacky had popped the lid on, and the
fox was scalded to death.
As soon as he was sure that their wicked enemy was really dead, and
could do them no further harm, Blacky started off to rescue Browny and
Whitey. As he approached the den he heard piteous grunts and squeals
from his poor little brother and sister who lived in constant terror of
the fox killing and eating them. But when they saw Blacky appear at the
entrance to the den their joy knew no bounds. He quickly found a sharp
stone and cut the cords by which they were tied to a stake in the
ground, and then all three started off together for Blacky's house,
where they lived happily ever after; and Browny quite gave up rolling in
the mud, and Whitey ceased to be greedy, for they never forgot how
nearly these faults had brought them to an untimely end.
[Illustration]
Story DNA
Moral
Diligence, foresight, and hard work lead to security and success, while laziness and impulsiveness can lead to danger.
Plot Summary
A mother pig warns her three children, each with a distinct flaw, about a cunning fox before she dies. The first two pigs, Browny and Whitey, build flimsy houses of mud and cabbage, respectively, and are easily captured by the fox. The third pig, Blacky, builds a sturdy brick house and outsmarts the fox multiple times, eventually boiling him to death when he attempts to enter through the chimney. Blacky then rescues his siblings, and they all live safely in the brick house, having learned the value of prudence and hard work.
Themes
Emotional Arc
fear to relief and triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This version, collected by Andrew Lang, is a classic example of a cautionary tale, often used to teach children about prudence and the consequences of laziness. The 'rule of three' is a common narrative device in European folklore.
Plot Beats (13)
- A mother pig lives with her three children: Browny (dirty), Whitey (greedy), and Blacky (sensible).
- The mother, sensing her death, advises her children to build houses and warns them about the cunning fox.
- Browny chooses a mud house, Whitey a cabbage house, and Blacky a brick house.
- The mother pig dies, and the pigs move into their respective houses.
- The fox tricks Browny with a feigned gentle voice, then scrapes through the mud house and captures him.
- The fox tricks Whitey with a feigned gentle voice, eats through the cabbage house, and captures her.
- The fox attempts to trick Blacky into opening his brick house, but Blacky refuses, knowing the fox's true nature.
- The fox tries to break down Blacky's brick house but fails, injuring himself.
- Blacky goes to town for marketing and buys a kettle, narrowly escaping the fox by hiding in the kettle and rolling down a hill.
- The fox, determined, attempts to enter Blacky's house by climbing onto the roof and coming down the chimney.
- Blacky, anticipating this, places a kettle of boiling water in the fireplace, and the fox falls into it and is scalded to death.
- Blacky rescues Browny and Whitey from the fox's den.
- The three pigs live happily ever after in Blacky's brick house, with Browny and Whitey having learned from their mistakes.
Characters
Browny
Covered in mud, dirty
Dirty, disobedient, easily frightened
Whitey
None
Greedy, selfish, easily frightened
Blacky
Smooth, shining black skin
Clever, sensible, brave
The Mother Pig
Old and feeble
Caring, worried, wise
The Fox
Sly, cunning
Sly, cunning, angry
Locations
Farmyard Mud Puddle
Soft, thick, slab mud in a large, comfortable, old-fashioned farmyard
Mood: dirty, happy (for Browny)
Browny wallows in the mud, disobeying his mother
Blacky's Brick House
A strong, well-built house of brick with a bolted and barred door and shuttered window
Mood: safe, secure
Blacky defends himself against the fox and ultimately kills him in the chimney
Fox's Den
A den where Browny and Whitey are tied to a stake
Mood: eerie, terrifying, imprisoned
Browny and Whitey are held captive until Blacky rescues them