The Three Little Pigs

by Andrew Lang · from The Green Fairy Book

fairy tale moral tale cautionary Ages 3-8 1902 words 9 min read
Cover: The Three Little Pigs
Original Story 1902 words · 9 min read

THE THREE LITTLE PIGS

There was once upon a time a pig who lived with her three children on a

large, comfortable, old-fashioned farmyard. The eldest of the little

pigs was called Browny, the second Whitey, and the youngest and best

looking Blacky. Now Browny was a very dirty little pig, and I am sorry

to say spent most of his time rolling and wallowing about in the mud. He

was never so happy as on a wet day, when the mud in the farmyard got

soft, and thick, and slab. Then he would steal away from his mother's

side, and finding the muddiest place in the yard, would roll about in it

and thoroughly enjoy himself. His mother often found fault with him for

this, and would shake her head sadly and say: 'Ah, Browny! some day you

will be sorry that you did not obey your old mother.' But no words of

advice or warning could cure Browny of his bad habits.

[Illustration]

Whitey was quite a clever little pig, but she was greedy. She was always

thinking of her food, and looking forward to her dinner; and when the

farm girl was seen carrying the pails across the yard, she would rise up

on her hind legs and dance and caper with excitement. As soon as the

food was poured into the trough she jostled Blacky and Browny out of the

way in her eagerness to get the best and biggest bits for herself. Her

mother often scolded her for her selfishness, and told her that some day

she would suffer for being so greedy and grabbing.

Blacky was a good, nice little pig, neither dirty nor greedy. He had

nice dainty ways (for a pig), and his skin was always as smooth and

shining as black satin. He was much cleverer than Browny and Whitey, and

his mother's heart used to swell with pride when she heard the farmer's

friends say to each other that some day the little black fellow would be

a prize pig.

Now the time came when the mother pig felt old and feeble and near her

end. One day she called the three little pigs round her and said:

'My children, I feel that I am growing old and weak, and that I shall

not live long. Before I die I should like to build a house for each of

you, as this dear old sty in which we have lived so happily will be

given to a new family of pigs, and you will have to turn out. Now,

Browny, what sort of a house would you like to have?'

'A house of mud,' replied Browny, looking longingly at a wet puddle in

the corner of the yard.

'And you, Whitey?' said the mother pig in rather a sad voice, for she

was disappointed that Browny had made so foolish a choice.

'A house of cabbage,' answered Whitey, with a mouth full, and scarcely

raising her snout out of the trough in which she was grubbing for some

potato-parings.

'Foolish, foolish child!' said the mother pig, looking quite distressed,

'And you, Blacky?' turning to her youngest son, 'what sort of a house

shall I order for you?'

'A house of brick, please mother, as it will be warm in winter, and cool

in summer, and safe all the year round.'

'That is a sensible little pig,' replied his mother, looking fondly at

him. 'I will see that the three houses are got ready at once. And now

one last piece of advice. You have heard me talk of our old enemy the

fox. When he hears that I am dead, he is sure to try and get hold of

you, to carry you off to his den. He is very sly and will no doubt

disguise himself, and pretend to be a friend, but you must promise me

not to let him enter your houses on any pretext whatever.'

And the little pigs readily promised, for they had always had a great

fear of the fox, of whom they had heard many terrible tales. A short

time afterwards the old pig died, and the little pigs went to live in

their own houses.

Browny was quite delighted with his soft mud walls and with the clay

floor, which soon looked like nothing but a big mud pie. But that was

what Browny enjoyed, and he was as happy as possible, rolling about all

day and making himself in such a mess. One day, as he was lying half

asleep in the mud, he heard a soft knock at his door, and a gentle voice

said:

'May I come in, Master Browny? I want to see your beautiful new house.'

'Who are you?' said Browny, starting up in great fright, for though the

voice sounded gentle, he felt sure it was a feigned voice, and he feared

it was the fox.

'I am a friend come to call on you,' answered the voice.

'No, no,' replied Browny, 'I don't believe you are a friend. You are the

wicked fox, against whom our mother warned us. I won't let you in.'

'Oho! is that the way you answer me?' said the fox, speaking very

roughly in his natural voice. 'We shall soon see who is master here,'

and with his paws he set to work and scraped a large hole in the soft

mud walls. A moment later he had jumped through it, and catching Browny

by the neck, flung him on his shoulders and trotted off with him to his

den.

The next day, as Whitey was munching a few leaves of cabbage out of the

corner of her house, the fox stole up to her door, determined to carry

her off to join her brother in his den. He began speaking to her in the

same feigned gentle voice in which he had spoken to Browny; but it

frightened her very much when he said:

'I am a friend come to visit you, and to have some of your good cabbage

for my dinner.'

'Please don't touch it,' cried Whitey in great distress. 'The cabbages

are the walls of my house, and if you eat them you will make a hole, and

the wind and rain will come in and give me a cold. Do go away; I am sure

you are not a friend, but our wicked enemy the fox.' And poor Whitey

began to whine and to whimper, and to wish that she had not been such a

greedy little pig, and had chosen a more solid material than cabbages

for her house. But it was too late now, and in another minute the fox

had eaten his way through the cabbage walls, and had caught the

trembling, shivering Whitey, and carried her off to his den.

The next day the fox started off for Blacky's house, because he had made

up his mind that he would get the three little pigs together in his den,

and then kill them, and invite all his friends to a feast. But when he

reached the brick house, he found that the door was bolted and barred,

so in his sly manner he began, 'Do let me in, dear Blacky. I have

brought you a present of some eggs that I picked up in a farmyard on my

way here.'

[Illustration]

'No, no, Mister Fox,' replied Blacky, 'I am not going to open my door to

you. I know your cunning ways. You have carried off poor Browny and

Whitey, but you are not going to get me.'

At this the fox was so angry that he dashed with all his force against

the wall, and tried to knock it down. But it was too strong and

well-built; and though the fox scraped and tore at the bricks with his

paws he only hurt himself, and at last he had to give it up, and limp

away with his fore-paws all bleeding and sore.

'Never mind!' he cried angrily as he went off, 'I'll catch you another

day, see if I don't, and won't I grind your bones to powder when I have

got you in my den!' and he snarled fiercely and showed his teeth.

Next day Blacky had to go into the neighbouring town to do some

marketing and to buy a big kettle. As he was walking home with it slung

over his shoulder, he heard a sound of steps stealthily creeping after

him. For a moment his heart stood still with fear, and then a happy

thought came to him. He had just reached the top of a hill, and could

see his own little house nestling at the foot of it among the trees. In

a moment he had snatched the lid off the kettle and had jumped in

himself. Coiling himself round he lay quite snug in the bottom of the

kettle, while with his fore-leg he managed to put the lid on, so that he

was entirely hidden. With a little kick from the inside he started the

kettle off, and down the hill it rolled full tilt; and when the fox came

up, all that he saw was a large black kettle spinning over the ground at

a great pace. Very much disappointed, he was just going to turn away,

when he saw the kettle stop close to the little brick house, and in a

moment later Blacky jumped out of it and escaped with the kettle into

the house, when he barred and bolted the door, and put the shutter up

over the window.

'Oho!' exclaimed the fox to himself, 'you think you will escape me that

way, do you? We shall soon see about that, my friend,' and very quietly

and stealthily he prowled round the house looking for some way to climb

on to the roof.

In the meantime Blacky had filled the kettle with water, and having put

it on the fire, sat down quietly waiting for it to boil. Just as the

kettle was beginning to sing, and steam to come out of the spout, he

heard a sound like a soft, muffled step, patter, patter, patter

overhead, and the next moment the fox's head and fore-paws were seen

coming down the chimney. But Blacky very wisely had not put the lid on

the kettle, and, with a yelp of pain, the fox fell into the boiling

water, and before he could escape, Blacky had popped the lid on, and the

fox was scalded to death.

As soon as he was sure that their wicked enemy was really dead, and

could do them no further harm, Blacky started off to rescue Browny and

Whitey. As he approached the den he heard piteous grunts and squeals

from his poor little brother and sister who lived in constant terror of

the fox killing and eating them. But when they saw Blacky appear at the

entrance to the den their joy knew no bounds. He quickly found a sharp

stone and cut the cords by which they were tied to a stake in the

ground, and then all three started off together for Blacky's house,

where they lived happily ever after; and Browny quite gave up rolling in

the mud, and Whitey ceased to be greedy, for they never forgot how

nearly these faults had brought them to an untimely end.

[Illustration]


Story DNA

Moral

Diligence, foresight, and hard work lead to security and success, while laziness and impulsiveness can lead to danger.

Plot Summary

A mother pig warns her three children, each with a distinct flaw, about a cunning fox before she dies. The first two pigs, Browny and Whitey, build flimsy houses of mud and cabbage, respectively, and are easily captured by the fox. The third pig, Blacky, builds a sturdy brick house and outsmarts the fox multiple times, eventually boiling him to death when he attempts to enter through the chimney. Blacky then rescues his siblings, and they all live safely in the brick house, having learned the value of prudence and hard work.

Themes

prudence vs. impulsivenessconsequences of actionsdiligence and foresightthe triumph of good over evil

Emotional Arc

fear to relief and triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: personification, rule of three

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: talking animals
the three types of houses (mud, cabbage, brick) representing different levels of effort and securitythe fox representing cunning and danger

Cultural Context

Origin: English
Era: timeless fairy tale

This version, collected by Andrew Lang, is a classic example of a cautionary tale, often used to teach children about prudence and the consequences of laziness. The 'rule of three' is a common narrative device in European folklore.

Plot Beats (13)

  1. A mother pig lives with her three children: Browny (dirty), Whitey (greedy), and Blacky (sensible).
  2. The mother, sensing her death, advises her children to build houses and warns them about the cunning fox.
  3. Browny chooses a mud house, Whitey a cabbage house, and Blacky a brick house.
  4. The mother pig dies, and the pigs move into their respective houses.
  5. The fox tricks Browny with a feigned gentle voice, then scrapes through the mud house and captures him.
  6. The fox tricks Whitey with a feigned gentle voice, eats through the cabbage house, and captures her.
  7. The fox attempts to trick Blacky into opening his brick house, but Blacky refuses, knowing the fox's true nature.
  8. The fox tries to break down Blacky's brick house but fails, injuring himself.
  9. Blacky goes to town for marketing and buys a kettle, narrowly escaping the fox by hiding in the kettle and rolling down a hill.
  10. The fox, determined, attempts to enter Blacky's house by climbing onto the roof and coming down the chimney.
  11. Blacky, anticipating this, places a kettle of boiling water in the fireplace, and the fox falls into it and is scalded to death.
  12. Blacky rescues Browny and Whitey from the fox's den.
  13. The three pigs live happily ever after in Blacky's brick house, with Browny and Whitey having learned from their mistakes.

Characters

✦

Browny

pig child male

Covered in mud, dirty

Completely covered in thick mud

Dirty, disobedient, easily frightened

✦

Whitey

pig child female

None

Mouth stuffed with cabbage leaves

Greedy, selfish, easily frightened

✦

Blacky

pig child male

Smooth, shining black skin

Carrying a large kettle

Clever, sensible, brave

✦

The Mother Pig

pig elderly female

Old and feeble

Surrounded by her three piglets

Caring, worried, wise

✦

The Fox

fox adult male

Sly, cunning

Head stuck in a chimney

Sly, cunning, angry

Locations

Farmyard Mud Puddle

outdoor wet day

Soft, thick, slab mud in a large, comfortable, old-fashioned farmyard

Mood: dirty, happy (for Browny)

Browny wallows in the mud, disobeying his mother

mud puddle farmyard old-fashioned

Blacky's Brick House

indoor day

A strong, well-built house of brick with a bolted and barred door and shuttered window

Mood: safe, secure

Blacky defends himself against the fox and ultimately kills him in the chimney

brick walls bolted door shuttered window kettle on fire chimney

Fox's Den

indoor day

A den where Browny and Whitey are tied to a stake

Mood: eerie, terrifying, imprisoned

Browny and Whitey are held captive until Blacky rescues them

stake cords darkness bones (implied)