The Twelve Huntsmen

by Andrew Lang · from The Green Fairy Book

fairy tale romance hopeful Ages 8-14 1151 words 6 min read
Cover: The Twelve Huntsmen
Original Story 1151 words · 6 min read

THE TWELVE HUNTSMEN

Once upon a time there was a King's son who was engaged to a Princess

whom he dearly loved. One day as he sat by her side feeling very happy,

he received news that his father was lying at the point of death, and

desired to see him before his end. So he said to his love: 'Alas! I must

go off and leave you, but take this ring and wear it as a remembrance of

me, and when I am King I will return and fetch you home.'

Then he rode off, and when he reached his father he found him mortally

ill and very near death.

The King said: 'Dearest son, I have desired to see you again before my

end. Promise me, I beg of you, that you will marry according to my

wishes'; and he then named the daughter of a neighbouring King who he

was anxious should be his son's wife. The Prince was so overwhelmed with

grief that he could think of nothing but his father, and exclaimed:

'Yes, yes, dear father, whatever you desire shall be done.' Thereupon

the King closed his eyes and died.

After the Prince had been proclaimed King, and the usual time of

mourning had elapsed, he felt that he must keep the promise he had made

to his father, so he sent to ask for the hand of the King's daughter,

which was granted to him at once.

Now, his first love heard of this, and the thought of her lover's

desertion grieved her so sadly that she pined away and nearly died. Her

father said to her: 'My dearest child, why are you so unhappy? If there

is anything you wish for, say so, and you shall have it.'

His daughter reflected for a moment, and then said: 'Dear father, I wish

for eleven girls as nearly as possible of the same height, age, and

appearance as myself.'

Said the King: 'If the thing is possible your wish shall be fulfilled';

and he had his kingdom searched till he found eleven maidens of the same

height, size, and appearance as his daughter.

Then the Princess desired twelve complete huntsmen's suits to be made,

all exactly alike, and the eleven maidens had to dress themselves in

eleven of the suits, while she herself put on the twelfth. After this

she took leave of her father, and rode off with her girls to the court

of her former lover.

Here she enquired whether the King did not want some huntsmen, and if he

would not take them all into his service. The King saw her but did not

recognise her, and as he thought them very good-looking young people, he

said, 'Yes, he would gladly engage them all.' So they became the twelve

royal huntsmen.

Now, the King had a most remarkable Lion, for it knew every hidden or

secret thing.

One evening the Lion said to the King: 'So you think you have got twelve

huntsmen, do you?'

'Yes, certainly,' said the King, 'they are twelve huntsmen.'

'There you are mistaken,' said the Lion; 'they are twelve maidens.'

'That cannot possibly be,' replied the King; 'how do you mean to prove

that?'

'Just have a number of peas strewed over the floor of your

ante-chamber,' said the Lion, 'and you will soon see. Men have a strong,

firm tread, so that if they happen to walk over peas not one will stir,

but girls trip, and slip, and slide, so that the peas roll all about.'

The King was pleased with the Lion's advice, and ordered the peas to be

strewn in his ante-room.

Fortunately one of the King's servants had become very partial to the

young huntsmen, and hearing of the trial they were to be put to, he went

to them and said: 'The Lion wants to persuade the King that you are only

girls'; and then told them all the plot.

The King's daughter thanked him for the hint, and after he was gone she

said to her maidens: 'Now make every effort to tread firmly on the

peas.'

Next morning, when the King sent for his twelve huntsmen, and they

passed through the ante-room which was plentifully strewn with peas,

they trod so firmly and walked with such a steady, strong step that not

a single pea rolled away or even so much as stirred. After they were

gone the King said to the Lion: 'There now--you have been telling

lies--you see yourself they walk like men.'

'Because they knew they were being put to the test,' answered the Lion;

'and so they made an effort; but just have a dozen spinning-wheels

placed in the ante-room. When they pass through you'll see how pleased

they will be, quite unlike any man.'

[Illustration]

The King was pleased with the advice, and desired twelve

spinning-wheels to be placed in his ante-chamber.

But the good-natured servant went to the huntsmen and told them all

about this fresh plot. Then, as soon as the King's daughter was alone

with her maidens, she exclaimed: 'Now, pray make a great effort and

don't even look at those spinning-wheels.'

When the King sent for his twelve huntsmen next morning they walked

through the ante-room without even casting a glance at the

spinning-wheels.'

Then the King said once more to the Lion: 'You have deceived me again;

they are men, for they never once looked at the spinning-wheels.'

The Lion replied: 'They knew they were being tried, and they did

violence to their feelings.' But the King declined to believe in the

Lion any longer.

So the twelve huntsmen continued to follow the King, and he grew daily

fonder of them. One day whilst they were all out hunting it so happened

that news was brought that the King's intended bride was on her way and

might soon be expected. When the true bride heard of this she felt as

though a knife had pierced her heart, and she fell fainting to the

ground. The King, fearing something had happened to his dear huntsman,

ran up to help, and began drawing off his gloves. Then he saw the ring

which he had given to his first love, and as he gazed into her face he

knew her again, and his heart was so touched that he kissed her, and as

she opened her eyes, he cried: 'I am thine and thou art mine, and no

power on earth can alter that.'

To the other Princess he despatched a messenger to beg her to return to

her own kingdom with all speed. 'For,' said he, 'I have got a wife, and

he who finds an old key again does not require a new one.'

Thereupon the wedding was celebrated with great pomp, and the Lion was

restored to the royal favour, for after all he had told the truth.

Grimm.


Story DNA

Moral

True love, once pledged, should be honored above all other obligations.

Plot Summary

A Prince, bound by a deathbed promise to his father, prepares to marry a Princess he doesn't love, abandoning his true love. Heartbroken, his first love disguises herself and eleven maidens as huntsmen, joining his royal service. A magical Lion suspects their true gender and devises two tests, which the disguised Princess and her companions cleverly pass. Eventually, the King recognizes his true love by a ring he gave her, leading him to break off the arranged marriage and marry her instead, restoring the Lion to favor for speaking the truth.

Themes

fidelity and betrayalidentity and disguiseperseverance of loveduty vs. desire

Emotional Arc

betrayal to reunion

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: sparse
Techniques: rule of three (Lion's tests), direct address to reader (implied, common in fairy tales)

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person (King vs. Lion's suspicion, Princess vs. societal expectations/arranged marriage)
Ending: happy
Magic: a talking, all-knowing Lion
the ring (symbol of fidelity and recognition)huntsmen's suits (disguise, gender role reversal)

Cultural Context

Origin: German
Era: timeless fairy tale

Collected by the Brothers Grimm, reflecting European folklore traditions where royal succession and marriage alliances were central themes.

Plot Beats (13)

  1. A Prince is engaged to a Princess he loves, but must leave her to see his dying father.
  2. The Prince's father, on his deathbed, makes him promise to marry another King's daughter.
  3. The Prince, now King, honors his promise and sends for the other Princess's hand.
  4. The first Princess, heartbroken, asks her father for eleven maidens like herself and twelve huntsmen's suits.
  5. Disguised as huntsmen, the Princess and her maidens enter the King's service, unrecognized by him.
  6. The King's magical Lion suspects the huntsmen are women and suggests a test: strewing peas on the floor.
  7. A sympathetic servant warns the huntsmen, who then tread firmly over the peas, passing the test.
  8. The Lion suggests a second test: placing spinning wheels in the antechamber.
  9. The servant warns the huntsmen again, and they ignore the spinning wheels, passing the second test.
  10. The King, convinced the Lion is wrong, grows fond of his huntsmen.
  11. News arrives that the King's intended bride is approaching, causing the disguised Princess to faint.
  12. The King removes her glove to help, sees the ring he gave her, and recognizes her.
  13. The King declares his love for her, sends away the other Princess, and marries his true love.

Characters

👤

King's son

human young adult male

Good-looking, but otherwise not described

Attire: Princely attire, hunting clothes when with the huntsmen

The ring he gave his first love

Duty-bound, easily swayed, ultimately loving and loyal

👤

Princess (first love)

human young adult female

Same height, age, and appearance as her eleven companions

Attire: Huntsman's suit (one of twelve identical)

Huntsman's suit concealing her identity

Resourceful, determined, heartbroken but resilient

👤

King (father of King's son)

human elderly male

Weak and dying

Attire: Royal robes, bedclothes

Lying in bed, near death

Demanding, concerned with dynastic alliances

🐾

Lion

animal adult male

Remarkable, knows every hidden or secret thing

Knowing gaze

Wise, perceptive, truthful

👤

Princess (intended bride)

human young adult female

Not described

Attire: Royal attire

Royal carriage turning back

Not shown

👤

Good-natured servant

human adult male

Not described

Attire: Servant's clothing

Whispering a warning

Helpful, kind, loyal

Locations

Princess's Chamber

indoor Implied to be pleasant, as they are sitting together comfortably.

A comfortable room where the Prince and Princess sit together, filled with happiness before bad news arrives.

Mood: Initially joyful and loving, then filled with sorrow and despair.

The Prince receives news of his father's illness and gives the Princess a ring as a token of his love.

ring comfortable seating implied finery

King's Deathbed Chamber

indoor Not specified, but implied to be a time of illness.

A somber room where the old King lies dying, filled with heavy air and the weight of his impending death.

Mood: Grief-stricken, heavy, and filled with a sense of duty.

The Prince promises his dying father to marry the neighboring King's daughter.

deathbed dying King heavy curtains religious iconography (implied)

Royal Ante-Chamber

indoor morning Not specified.

A large room outside the King's main chamber, used for testing the huntsmen's true identities.

Mood: Suspenseful, filled with trickery and hidden intentions.

The King attempts to reveal the huntsmen's true identities using the peas and spinning wheels.

peas scattered on the floor spinning wheels royal guards ornate decorations

Hunting Grounds

outdoor daytime Not specified, but implied to be suitable for hunting.

A forest or field where the King and his huntsmen pursue game.

Mood: Outdoors, active, and filled with the thrill of the hunt.

The King discovers the true identity of his huntsman when the Princess faints and he sees the ring.

trees game animals hunting horns horses