Herr Lazarus and the Draken
by Andrew Lang · from The Grey Fairy Book
Original Story
Herr Lazarus and the Draken
Once upon a time there was a cobbler called Lazarus, who was very
fond of honey. One day, as he ate some while he sat at work, the flies
collected in such numbers that with one blow he killed forty. Then he
went and ordered a sword to be made for him, on which he had written
these words: ‘With one blow I have slain forty.’ When the sword was
ready he took it and went out into the world, and when he was two days’
journey from home he came to a spring, by which he laid himself down and
slept.
Now in that country there dwelt Draken, one of whom came to the spring
to draw water; there he found Lazarus sleeping, and read what was
written on his sword. Then he went back to his people and told them
what he had seen, and they all advised him to make fellowship with this
powerful stranger. So the Draken returned to the spring, awoke Lazarus,
and said that if it was agreeable to him they should make fellowship
together.
Lazarus answered that he was willing, and after a priest had blessed
the fellowship, they returned together to the other Draken, and Lazarus
dwelt among them. After some days they told him that it was their custom
to take it in turns to bring wood and water, and as he was now of their
company, he must take his turn. They went first for water and wood, but
at last it came to be Lazarus’s turn to go for water. The Draken had a
great leathern bag, holding two hundred measures of water. This Lazarus
could only, with great difficulty, drag empty to the spring, and
because he could not carry it back full, he did not fill it at all, but,
instead, he dug up the ground all round the spring.
As Lazarus remained so long away, the Draken sent one of their number
to see what had become of him, and when this one came to the spring,
Lazarus said to him: ‘We will no more plague ourselves by carrying water
every day. I will bring the entire spring home at once, and so we shall
be freed from this burden.’
But the Draken called out: ‘On no account, Herr Lazarus, else we shall
all die of thirst; rather will we carry the water ourselves in turns,
and you alone shall be exempt.’
Next it comes to be Lazarus’s turn to bring the wood. Now the Draken,
when they fetched the wood, always took an entire tree on their
shoulder, and so carried it home. Because Lazarus could not imitate them
in this, he went to the forest, tied all the trees together with a thick
rope, and remained in the forest till evening. Again the Draken sent one
of them after him to see what had become of him, and when this one asked
what he was about, Lazarus answered: ‘I will bring the entire forest
home at once, so that after that we may have rest.’
But the Draken called out: ‘By no means, Herr Lazarus, else we shall all
die of cold; rather will we go ourselves to bring wood, and let you be
free.’ And then the Draken tore up one tree, threw it over his shoulder,
and so carried it home.
When they had lived together some time, the Draken became weary of
Lazarus, and agreed among themselves to kill him; each Draken, in the
night while Lazarus slept, should strike him a blow with a hatchet. But
Lazarus heard of this scheme, and when the evening came, he took a
log of wood, covered it with his cloak, laid it in the place where he
usually slept, and then hid himself. In the night the Draken came, and
each one hit the log a blow with his hatchet, till it flew in pieces.
Then they believed their object was gained, and they lay down again.
Thereupon Lazarus took the log, threw it away, and laid himself down in
its stead. Towards dawn, he began to groan, and when the Draken heard
that, they asked what ailed him, to which he made answer: ‘The gnats
have stung me horribly.’ This terrified the Draken, for they believed
that Lazarus took their blows for gnat-stings, and they determined at
any price to get rid of him. Next morning, therefore, they asked him if
he had not wife or child, and said that if he would like to go and visit
them they would give him a bag of gold to take away with him. He agreed
willingly to this, but asked further that one of the Draken should go
with him to carry the bag of gold. They consented, and one was sent with
him.
When they had come to within a short; distance of Lazarus’s house, he
said to the Draken: ‘Stop here, in the meantime, for I must go on in
front and tie up my children, lest they eat you.’
So he went and tied his children with strong ropes, and said to them:
‘As soon as the Draken comes in sight, call out as loud as you can,
“Drakenflesh! Drakenflesh!”’
So, when the Draken appeared, the children cried out: ‘Drakenflesh!
Drakenflesh!’ and this so terrified the Draken that he let the bag fall
and fled.
On the road he met a fox, which asked him why he seemed so frightened.
He answered that he was afraid of the children of Herr Lazarus, who had
been within a hair-breadth of eating him up. But the fox laughed, and
said: ‘What! you were afraid of the children of Herr Lazarus? He had
two fowls, one of which I ate yesterday, the other I will go and fetch
now--if you do not believe me, come and see for yourself; but you must
first tie yourself on to my tail.’
The Draken then tied himself on to the fox’s tail, and went back thus
with it to Lazarus’s house, in order to see what it would arrange. There
stood Lazarus with his gun raised ready to fire, who, when he saw the
fox coming along with the Draken, called out to the fox: ‘Did I not tell
you to bring me all the Draken, and you bring me only one?’
When the Draken heard that he made off to the rightabout at once, and
ran so fast that the fox was dashed in pieces against the stones.
When Lazarus had got quit of the Draken he built himself, with their
gold, a magnificent house, in which he spent the rest of his days in
great enjoyment.
Story DNA
Moral
Cleverness and quick thinking can overcome superior strength and numbers.
Plot Summary
A cobbler named Lazarus, after accidentally killing forty flies, inscribes a boast on his sword and ventures out. He encounters a group of large, simple-minded Draken who, misinterpreting his sword's inscription, believe him to be incredibly strong and invite him to join them. Lazarus repeatedly uses clever tricks to avoid their strenuous tasks and survive their attempts to kill him, further convincing them of his invincibility. Finally, he orchestrates an elaborate deception involving his children and a fox to scare away the last remaining Draken, securing their gold and living a life of ease.
Themes
Emotional Arc
fear to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This story is a direct retelling by Andrew Lang of a German tale, 'Herr Lazarus und der Drache' (Herr Lazarus and the Dragon), which is a variant of the widely known 'The Brave Little Tailor' (KHM 20) collected by the Brothers Grimm. The 'Draken' here are more akin to giants or ogres than fire-breathing dragons, emphasizing their brute strength.
Plot Beats (15)
- Lazarus, a cobbler, kills forty flies with one blow while eating honey.
- He commissions a sword inscribed 'With one blow I have slain forty' and leaves home.
- Draken discover Lazarus sleeping by a spring, read his sword, and, believing him powerful, invite him to join their fellowship.
- Lazarus's turn comes to fetch water; unable to carry the large bag, he digs up the ground around the spring, claiming he'll bring the whole spring home.
- The Draken, fearing thirst, exempt him from water duty.
- Lazarus's turn comes to fetch wood; unable to carry a tree, he ties all the trees together, claiming he'll bring the whole forest home.
- The Draken, fearing cold, exempt him from wood duty.
- The Draken plot to kill Lazarus by striking him with hatchets while he sleeps.
- Lazarus overhears the plot, places a log under his cloak in his bed, and hides.
- The Draken destroy the log, believing Lazarus dead, but he later groans, claiming gnats stung him, terrifying the Draken into believing he's invincible.
- The Draken offer Lazarus gold to leave, and he requests one Draken to carry the bag.
- Near his home, Lazarus tells the Draken to wait while he ties up his children, instructing them to shout 'Drakenflesh!' upon seeing the Draken.
- The Draken flees in terror, dropping the gold, and meets a skeptical fox.
- The fox, tied to the Draken's tail, returns to Lazarus's house to prove the children are harmless, but Lazarus shouts that the fox only brought one Draken instead of all of them.
- The Draken, terrified, flees again, dashing the fox to pieces, and Lazarus uses the gold to build a grand house.
Characters
Herr Lazarus
Cobbler, not explicitly described physically
Attire: Simple, practical clothing of a cobbler: leather apron, tunic, breeches, sturdy boots
Clever, opportunistic, boastful
Draken
Strong, scaled, dragon-like creatures
Attire: None specified, likely none
Gullible, easily frightened, initially welcoming
Fox
Red fox
Cunning, opportunistic, deceitful
Lazarus's Children
Not described
Attire: Simple children's clothing
Obedient, easily directed
Locations
Cobbler's Workshop
A humble workspace filled with tools and leather scraps, sticky with spilled honey.
Mood: busy, industrious
Lazarus kills forty flies with one blow, initiating his adventure.
Spring in the Forest
A clear spring surrounded by trees, a place for rest and drawing water.
Mood: peaceful, unsuspecting
Lazarus meets the Draken and begins his fellowship with them.
Draken Dwelling
A communal dwelling of the Draken, a place of shared labor and growing suspicion.
Mood: uneasy, conspiratorial
The Draken attempt to kill Lazarus with hatchets, but he outsmarts them.
Lazarus's House
A modest home on the edge of town, where Lazarus's children await his return.
Mood: homely, deceptive
Lazarus tricks the Draken into fleeing by using his children and their cries.