The Magic Book
by Andrew Lang

Hans and the Magic Book
Once, there was a boy named Hans. He went on a big adventure. He walked a very long way. He wanted to see the world. He felt excited and brave.
Hans met an old man. The man had a kind smile. "Do you want a job?" he asked. Hans said yes. The job was inside a big mountain. It was a strange place.
The old man showed Hans many rooms. Some rooms were dark. Some rooms were bright. "Do not open this door," he said. He pointed to a locked door. Then the old man left. Hans was alone.
Hans was very curious. The locked door looked special. He wanted to see inside. He opened the door. He felt a little scared.
Inside, he found a magic book! The book was big and red. It sparkled in the light. Hans took the book. He ran away from the mountain. He was very fast.
Hans used his new magic. He turned into a dog. The dog was brown and friendly. "Sell me for ten dollars," he said. His father sold the dog. He brought the money home. They were happy.
Next, Hans turned into a big cow. The cow was very large. "Sell me to the King," he said. His father sold the cow. But the cow turned into a dove! The dove flew away. Hans was free again.
Then Hans turned into a horse. The horse was strong. "Sell me for more money," he said. A kind girl helped the horse. The horse became a dove again. Hans flew high in the sky.
The Old Man was angry. He chased Hans. He turned into a hawk. Hans turned into a gold ring. The ring fell at a Princess's feet. It was shiny and bright.
The Princess picked up the ring. She put it on her finger. It was Hans! They smiled at each other. They became good friends. Hans was safe from the Old Man. He felt very relieved.
The King saw Hans with his daughter. He was upset. He locked them in a tower. They stayed there for a while. They were not happy.
Hans and the Princess found a hole. They fell through it. They landed in a golden castle! The castle was shiny and bright. They were very happy. It was a magical place.
Later, Hans went back to the King. He asked the King a question. The King said he was sorry. He was sorry for being unkind. He looked sad.
Hans showed who he was. The Princess was safe. The King said sorry. They forgave each other. They all felt happy. It was a good day.
Hans and the Princess got married. The Old Man went away. He never came back. They all lived happily. They smiled and waved.
Hans learned cleverness and kindness solve problems. And they lived happily ever after. The end.
Original Story
The Magic Book There was once an old couple named Peder and Kirsten who had an only son called Hans. From the time he was a little boy he had been told that on his sixteenth birthday he must go out into the world and serve his apprenticeship. So, one fine summer morning, he started off to seek his fortune with nothing but the clothes he wore on his back. For many hours he trudged on merrily, now and then stopping to drink from some clear spring or to pick some ripe fruit from a tree. The little wild creatures peeped at him from beneath the bushes, and he nodded and smiled, and wished them ‘Good-morning.’ After he had been walking for some time he met an old white-bearded man who was coming along the footpath. The boy would not step aside, and the man was determined not to do so either, so they ran against one another with a bump. ‘It seems to me,’ said the old fellow, ‘that a boy should give way to an old man.’ ‘The path is for me as well as for you,’ answered young Hans saucily, for he had never been taught politeness. ‘Well, that’s true enough,’ answered the other mildly. ‘And where are you going?’ ‘I am going into service,’ said Hans. ‘Then you can come and serve me,’ replied the man. Well, Hans could do that; but what would his wages be? ‘Two pounds a year, and nothing to do but keep some rooms clean,’ said the new-comer. This seemed to Hans to be easy enough; so he agreed to enter the old man’s service, and they set out together. On their way they crossed a deep valley and came to a mountain, where the man opened a trapdoor, and bidding Hans follow him, he crept in and began to go down a long flight of steps. When they got to the bottom Hans saw a large number of rooms lit by many lamps and full of beautiful things. While he was looking round the old man said to him: ‘Now you know what you have to do. You must keep these rooms clean, and strew sand on the floor every day. Here is a table where you will always find food and drink, and there is your bed. You see there are a great many suits of clothes hanging on the wall, and you may wear any you please; but remember that you are never to open this locked door. If you do ill will befall you. Farewell, for I am going away again and cannot tell when I may return. No sooner had the old man disappeared than Hans sat down to a good meal, and after that went to bed and slept until the morning. At first he could not remember what had happened to him, but by-and-by he jumped up and went into all the rooms, which he examined carefully. ‘How foolish to bid me to put sand on the floors,’ he thought, ‘when there is nobody here by myself! I shall do nothing of the sort.’ And so he shut the doors quickly, and only cleaned and set in order his own room. And after the first few days he felt that that was unnecessary too, because no one came there to see if the rooms where clean or not. At last he did no work at all, but just sat and wondered what was behind the locked door, till he determined to go and look for himself. The key turned easily in the lock. Hans entered, half frightened at what he was doing, and the first thing he beheld was a heap of bones. That was not very cheerful; and he was just going out again when his eye fell on a shelf of books. Here was a good way of passing the time, he thought, for he was fond of reading, and he took one of the books from the shelf. It was all about magic, and told you how you could change yourself into anything in the world you liked. Could anything be more exciting or more useful? So he put it in his pocket, and ran quickly away out of the mountain by a little door which had been left open. When he got home his parents asked him what he had been doing and where he had got the fine clothes he wore. ‘Oh, I earned them myself,’ answered he. ‘You never earned them in this short time,’ said his father. ‘Be off with you; I won’t keep you here. I will have no thieves in my house!’ ‘Well I only came to help you,’ replied the boy sulkily. ‘Now I’ll be off, as you wish; but to-morrow morning when you rise you will see a great dog at the door. Do not drive it away, but take it to the castle and sell it to the duke, and they will give you ten dollars for it; only you must bring the strap you lead it with, back to the house.’ Sure enough the next day the dog was standing at the door waiting to be let in. The old man was rather afraid of getting into trouble, but his wife urged him to sell the dog as the boy had bidden him, so he took it up to the castle and sold it to the duke for ten dollars. But he did not forget to take off the strap with which he had led the animal, and to carry it home. When he got there old Kirsten met him at the door. ‘Well, Peder, and have you sold the dog?’ asked she. ‘Yes, Kirsten; and I have brought back ten dollars, as the boy told us,’ answered Peder. ‘Ay! but that’s fine!’ said his wife. ‘Now you see what one gets by doing as one is bid; if it had not been for me you would have driven the dog away again, and we should have lost the money. After all, I always know what is best.’ ‘Nonsense!’ said her husband; ‘women always think they know best. I should have sold the dog just the same whatever you had told me. Put the money away in a safe place, and don’t talk so much.’ The next day Hans came again; but though everything had turned out as he had foretold, he found that his father was still not quite satisfied. ‘Be off with you!’ said he, ‘you’ll get us into trouble.’ ‘I haven’t helped you enough yet,’ replied the boy. ‘To-morrow there will come a great fat cow, as big as the house. Take it to the king’s palace and you’ll get as much as a thousand dollars for it. Only you must unfasten the halter you lead it with and bring it back, and don’t return by the high road, but through the forest.’ The next day, when the couple rose, they saw an enormous head looking in at their bedroom window, and behind it was a cow which was nearly as big as their hut. Kirsten was wild with joy to think of the money the cow would bring them. ‘But how are you going to put the rope over her head?’ asked she. ‘Wait and you’ll see, mother,’ answered her husband. Then Peder took the ladder that led up to the hayloft and set it against the cow’s neck, and he climbed up and slipped the rope over her head. When he had made sure that the noose was fast they started for the palace, and met the king himself walking in his grounds. ‘I heard that the princess was going to be married,’ said Peder, ‘so I’ve brought your majesty a cow which is bigger than any cow that was ever seen. Will your majesty deign to buy it?’ The king had, in truth, never seen so large a beast, and he willingly paid the thousand dollars, which was the price demanded; but Peder remembered to take off the halter before he left. After he was gone the king sent for the butcher and told him to kill the animal for the wedding feast. The butcher got ready his pole-axe; but just as he was going to strike, the cow changed itself into a dove and flew away, and the butcher stood staring after it as if he were turned to stone. However, as the dove could not be found, he was obliged to tell the king what had happened, and the king in his turn despatched messengers to capture the old man and bring him back. But Peder was safe in the woods, and could not be found. When at last he felt the danger was over, and he might go home, Kirsten nearly fainted with joy at the sight of all the money he brought with him. ‘Now that we are rich people we must build a bigger house,’ cried she; and was vexed to find that Peder only shook his head and said: ‘No; if they did that people would talk, and say they had got their wealth by ill-doing.’ A few mornings later Hans came again. ‘Be off before you get us into trouble,’ said his father. ‘So far the money has come right enough, but I don’t trust it.’ ‘Don’t worry over that, father,’ said Hans. ‘To-morrow you will find a horse outside by the gate. Ride it to market and you will get a thousand dollars for it. Only don’t forget to loosen the bridle when you sell it.’ Well, in the morning there was the horse; Kirsten had never seen so find an animal. ‘Take care it doesn’t hurt you, Peder,’ said she. ‘Nonsense, wife,’ answered he crossly. ‘When I was a lad I lived with horses, and could ride anything for twenty miles round.’ But that was not quite the truth, for he had never mounted a horse in his life. Still, the animal was quiet enough, so Peder got safely to market on its back. There he met a man who offered nine hundred and ninety-nine dollars for it, but Peder would take nothing less than a thousand. At last there came an old, grey-bearded man who looked at the horse and agreed to buy it; but the moment he touched it the horse began to kick and plunge. ‘I must take the bridle off,’ said Peder. ‘It is not to be sold with the animal as is usually the case.’ ‘I’ll give you a hundred dollars for the bridle,’ said the old man, taking out his purse. ‘No, I can’t sell it,’ replied Hans’s father. ‘Five hundred dollars!’ ‘No.’ ‘A thousand!’ At this splendid offer Peder’s prudence gave way; it was a shame to let so much money go. So he agreed to accept it. But he could hardly hold the horse, it became so unmanageable. So he gave the animal in charge to the old man, and went home with his two thousand dollars. Kirsten, of course, was delighted at this new piece of good fortune, and insisted that the new house should be built and land bought. This time Peder consented, and soon they had quite a fine farm. Meanwhile the old man rode off on his new purchase, and when he came to a smithy he asked the smith to forge shoes for the horse. The smith proposed that they should first have a drink together, and the horse was tied up by the spring whilst they went indoors. The day was hot, and both men were thirsty, and, besides, they had much to say; and so the hours slipped by and found them still talking. Then the servant girl came out to fetch a pail of water, and, being a kind- hearted lass, she gave some to the horse to drink. What was her surprise when the animal said to her: ‘Take off my bridle and you will save my life.’ ‘I dare not,’ said she; ‘your master will be so angry.’ ‘He cannot hurt you,’ answered the horse, ‘and you will save my life.’ At that she took off the bridle; but nearly fainted with astonishment when the horse turned into a dove and flew away just as the old man came out of the house. Directly he saw what had happened he changed himself into a hawk and flew after the dove. Over the woods and fields they went, and at length they reached a king’s palace surrounded by beautiful gardens. The princess was walking with her attendants in the rose garden when the dove turned itself into a gold ring and fell at her feet. ‘Why, here is a ring!’ she cried, ‘where could it have come from?’ And picking it up she put it on her finger. As she did so the hill-man lost his power over Hans--for of course you understand that it was he who had been the dog, the cow, the horse and the dove. ‘Well, that is really strange,’ said the princess. ‘It fits me as though it had been made for me!’ Just at that moment up came the king. ‘Look at what I have found!’ cried his daughter. ‘Well, that is not worth much, my dear,’ said he. ‘Besides, you have rings enough, I should think.’ ‘Never mind, I like it,’ replied the princess. But as soon as she was alone, to her amazement, the ring suddenly left her finger and became a man. You can imagine how frightened she was, as, indeed, anybody would have been; but in an instant the man became a ring again, and then turned back to a man, and so it went on for some time until she began to get used to these sudden changes. ‘I am sorry I frightened you,’ said Hans, when he thought he could safely speak to the princess without making her scream. ‘I took refuge with you because the old hill-man, whom I have offended, was trying to kill me, and here I am safe.’ ‘You had better stay here then,’ said the princess. So Hans stayed, and he and she became good friends; though, of course, he only became a man when no one else was present. This was all very well; but, one day, as they were talking together, the king happened to enter the room, and although Hans quickly changed himself into a ring again it was too late. The king was terribly angry. ‘So this is why you have refused to marry all the kings and princes who have sought your hand?’ he cried. And, without waiting for her to speak, he commanded that his daughter should be walled up in the summer-house and starved to death with her lover. That evening the poor princess, still wearing her ring, was put into the summer-house with enough food to last for three days, and the door was bricked up. But at the end of a week or two the king thought it was time to give her a grand funeral, in spite of her bad behaviour, and he had the summer-house opened. He could hardly believe his eyes when he found that the princess was not there, nor Hans either. Instead, there lay at his feet a large hole, big enough for two people to pass through. Now what had happened was this. When the princess and Hans had given up hope, and cast themselves down on the ground to die, they fell down this hole, and right through the earth as well, and at last they tumbled into a castle built of pure gold at the other side of the world, and there they lived happily. But of this, of course, the king knew nothing. ‘Will anyone go down and see where the passage leads to?’ he asked, turning to his guards and courtiers. ‘I will reward splendidly the man who is brave enough to explore it.’ For a long time nobody answered. The hole was dark and deep, and if it had a bottom no one could see it. At length a soldier, who was a careless sort of fellow, offered himself for the service, and cautiously lowered himself into the darkness. But in a moment he, too, fell down, down, down. Was he going to fall for ever, he wondered! Oh, how thankful he was in the end to reach the castle, and to meet the princess and Hans, looking quite well and not at all as if they had been starved. They began to talk, and the soldier told them that the king was very sorry for the way he had treated his daughter, and wished day and night that he could have her back again. Then they all took ship and sailed home, and when they came to the princess’s country, Hans disguised himself as the sovereign of a neighbouring kingdom, and went up to the palace alone. He was given a hearty welcome by the king, who prided himself on his hospitality, and a banquet was commanded in his honour. That evening, whilst they sat drinking their wine, Hans said to the king: ‘I have heard the fame of your majesty’s wisdom, and I have travelled from far to ask your counsel. A man in my country has buried his daughter alive because she loved a youth who was born a peasant. How shall I punish this unnatural father, for it is left to me to give judgment?’ The king, who was still truly grieved for his daughter’s loss, answered quickly: ‘Burn him alive, and strew his ashes all over the kingdom.’ Hans looked at him steadily for a moment, and then threw off his disguise. ‘You are the man,’ said he; ‘and I am he who loved your daughter, and became a gold ring on her finger. She is safe, and waiting not far from here; but you have pronounced judgment on yourself.’ Then the king fell on his knees and begged for mercy; and as he had in other respects been a good father, they forgave him. The wedding of Hans and the princess was celebrated with great festivities which lasted a month. As for the hill-man he intended to be present; but whilst he was walking along a street which led to the palace a loose stone fell on his head and killed him. So Hans and the princess lived in peace and happiness all their days, and when the old king died they reigned instead of him. [From AEventyr fra Zylland samlede og optegnede af Tang Kristensen. Translated from the Danish by Mrs. Skavgaard-Pedersen.] *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ORANGE FAIRY BOOK *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by foll
Moral of the Story
Disobedience can lead to unexpected adventures and rewards, but true love and cleverness are needed to overcome adversity and achieve lasting happiness.
Characters
Hans ★ protagonist
Handsome, capable of transforming his appearance
Attire: Starts in simple clothes, later wears fine clothes earned through magic, eventually disguises himself as a sovereign
Initially impolite and lazy, but becomes resourceful, clever, and ultimately just
The Princess ◆ supporting
Beautiful, desirable to many kings and princes
Attire: Royal garments, adorned with jewelry, including the magic ring
Kind, accepting, and loyal
The King ◆ supporting
Regal bearing, prone to anger
Attire: Royal robes and crown
Initially harsh and unforgiving, but ultimately capable of remorse and forgiveness
The Old Hill-Man ⚔ antagonist
White-bearded, associated with a mountain and magic
Attire: Simple, perhaps rustic clothing
Deceptive, vengeful, and powerful
Peder ○ minor
Old, easily influenced
Attire: Simple peasant clothing
Gullible, easily led by his wife
Kirsten ○ minor
Old, assertive
Attire: Simple peasant dress
Bossy, thinks she knows best, motivated by money
Locations

Underground Rooms
A large number of rooms lit by many lamps and full of beautiful things. Suits of clothes hanging on the wall.
Mood: mysterious, opulent
Hans disobeys orders, finds the magic book, and begins his transformations.

Locked Room
Contains a heap of bones and a shelf of books.
Mood: eerie, forbidden
Hans discovers the magic book.

Summer-house
A small building where the princess is walled up.
Mood: desperate, hopeless
The princess and Hans escape through a hole in the ground.

Castle of Pure Gold
A castle made entirely of gold.
Mood: magical, safe
Hans and the princess find refuge after escaping the summer-house.

King's Palace
A grand palace where the king holds court and banquets.
Mood: formal, deceptive
Hans reveals his true identity and tricks the king into condemning himself.
Story DNA
Moral
Disobedience can lead to unexpected adventures and rewards, but true love and cleverness are needed to overcome adversity and achieve lasting happiness.
Plot Summary
Young Hans leaves home, takes service with a mysterious old man, and disobeys a command, stealing a magic book that allows him to transform. He uses this power to help his parents gain wealth, but is pursued by the old man. Hans eventually takes refuge with a princess, transforming into a ring, but their secret is discovered by the king, who orders them walled up. They escape through a magical hole to a golden castle, and Hans later returns disguised to trick the king into condemning his own past actions, leading to forgiveness, marriage, and their eventual reign.
Themes
Emotional Arc
innocence to wisdom
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
The story reflects common European fairy tale tropes, such as magical transformations, forbidden rooms, and the hero's journey from humble beginnings to royalty. The 'hill-man' is a type of nature spirit or troll figure common in Scandinavian folklore.
Plot Beats (15)
- Young Hans leaves home to seek his fortune and meets an old man who hires him to clean underground rooms.
- The old man forbids Hans from opening a locked door, then leaves him alone.
- Hans disobeys, opens the door, finds a magic book, and steals it, then escapes the mountain.
- Hans transforms into a dog and instructs his father to sell him for ten dollars, which his father does, bringing the money home.
- Hans transforms into a giant cow and instructs his father to sell him to the king for a thousand dollars, which he does, but the cow transforms into a dove and escapes the butcher.
- Hans transforms into an unmanageable horse and instructs his father to sell him for two thousand dollars, which he does, but the horse tells a servant girl to remove his bridle.
- The horse transforms into a dove and flies away, pursued by the old man (the hill-man) who transforms into a hawk.
- The dove transforms into a gold ring and falls at the feet of a princess, who puts it on her finger, breaking the hill-man's power over Hans.
- Hans reveals himself to the princess, transforming between man and ring, and they become friends, keeping his true form secret.
- The king discovers Hans and the princess together, becomes enraged, and orders them walled up to starve.
- Hans and the princess escape through a magical hole that leads to a golden castle at the other side of the world.
- A soldier, sent by the repentant king, finds Hans and the princess and informs them of the king's sorrow.
- Hans returns to the kingdom disguised as a foreign sovereign and tricks the king into condemning himself for burying his daughter alive.
- Hans reveals his identity and the princess's safety; the king begs for forgiveness and is pardoned.
- Hans and the princess marry, the hill-man dies accidentally, and they live happily ever after, eventually reigning as king and queen.





