The Cunning Shoemaker

by Andrew Lang · from The Pink Fairy Book

fairy tale trickster tale humorous Ages 8-14 2489 words 11 min read
Cover: The Cunning Shoemaker
Original Story 2489 words · 11 min read

The Cunning Shoemaker

Sicilianische Mahrchen.

Once upon a time there lived a shoemaker who could get no work to do,

and was so poor that he and his wife nearly died of hunger. At last he

said to her, ‘It is no use waiting on here--I can find nothing; so I

shall go down to Mascalucia, and perhaps there I shall be more lucky.’

So down he went to Mascalucia, and walked through the streets crying,

‘Who wants some shoes?’ And very soon a window was pushed up, and a

woman’s head was thrust out of it.

‘Here are a pair for you to patch,’ she said. And he sat down on her

doorstep and set about patching them.

‘How much do I owe you?’ she asked when they were done.

‘A shilling.’

‘Here is eighteen pence, and good luck to you.’ And he went his way. He

turned into the next street and set up his cry again, and it was not

long before another window was pushed up and another head appeared.

‘Here are some shoes for you to patch.’

And the shoemaker sat down on the doorstep and patched them.

‘How much do I owe you?’ asked the woman when the shoes were finished.

‘A florin.’

‘Here is a crown piece, and good luck to you.’ And she shut the window.

‘Well,’ thought the shoemaker, ‘I have done finely. But I will not go

back to my wife just yet, as, if I only go on at this rate, I shall soon

have enough money to buy a donkey.’

Having made up his mind what was best to do, he stayed in the town a few

days longer till he had four gold pieces safe in his purse. Then he went

to the market and for two of them he bought a good strong donkey, and,

mounting on its back, he rode home to Catania. But as he entered a thick

wood he saw in the distance a band of robbers who were coming quickly

towards him.

‘I am lost,’ thought he; ‘they are sure to take from me all the money

that I have earned, and I shall be as poor as ever I was. What can I

do?’ However, being a clever little man and full of spirit, he did not

lose heart, but, taking five florins, he fastened them out of sight

under the donkey’s thick mane. Then he rode on.

Directly the robber came up to him they seized him exactly as he had

foretold and took away all his money.

‘Oh, dear friends!’ he cried, wringing his hands, ‘I am only a poor

shoemaker, and have nothing but this donkey left in the world.’

As he spoke the donkey gave himself a shake, and down fell the five

florins.

‘Where did that come from?’ asked the robbers.

‘Ah,’ replied the shoemaker, ‘you have guessed my secret. The donkey is

a golden donkey, and supplies me with all my money.’

‘Sell him to us,’ said the robbers. ‘We will give you any price you

like.’

The shoemaker at first declared that nothing would induce him to sell

him, but at last he agreed to hand him over to the robbers for fifty

gold pieces. ‘But listen to what I tell you,’ said he. ‘You must each

take it in turn to own him for a night and a day, or else you will all

be fighting over the money.’

With these words they parted, the robbers driving the donkey to their

cave in the forest and the shoemaker returning home, very pleased with

the success of his trick. He just stopped on the way to pick up a good

dinner, and the next day spent most of his gains in buying a small

vineyard.

Meanwhile the robbers had arrived at the cave where they lived, and the

captain, calling them all round him, announced that it as his right to

have the donkey for the first night. His companions agreed, and then he

told his wife to put a mattress in the stable. She asked if he had gone

out of his mind, but he answered crossly, ‘What is that to you? Do as

you are bid, and to-morrow I will bring you some treasures.’

Very early the captain awoke and searched the stable, but could find

nothing, and guessed that Master Joseph had been making fun of them.

‘Well,’ he said to himself, ‘if I have been taken in, the others shall

not come off any better.’

So, when one of his men arrived and asked him eagerly how much money he

had got, he answered gaily, ‘Oh, comrade, if you only knew! But I shall

say nothing about it till everyone has had his turn!’

One after another they all took the donkey, but no money was forthcoming

for anybody. At length, when all the band had been tricked, they held a

council, and resolved to march to the shoemaker’s house and punish him

well for his cunning. Just as before, the shoemaker saw them a long way

off, and began to think how he could outwit them again. When he had hit

upon a plan he called his wife, and said to her, ‘Take a bladder and

fill it with blood, and bind it round your neck. When the robbers come

and demand the money they gave me for the donkey I shall shout to you

and tell you to get it quickly. You must argue with me, and decline to

obey me, and then I shall plunge my knife into the bladder, and you must

fall to the ground as if you were dead. There you must lie till I play

on my guitar; then get up and begin to dance.’

The wife made haste to do as she was bid, and there was no time to lose,

for the robbers were drawing very near the house. They entered with a

great noise, and overwhelmed the shoemaker with reproaches for having

deceived them about the donkey.

‘The poor beast must have lost its power owing to the change of

masters,’ said he; ‘but we will not quarrel about it. You shall have

back the fifty gold pieces that you gave for him. ‘Aite,’ he cried to his

wife, ‘go quickly to the chest upstairs, and bring down the money for

these gentlemen.’

‘Wait a little,’ answered she; ‘I must first bake this fish. It will be

spoilt if I leave it now.’

‘Go this instant, as you are bid,’ shouted the shoemaker, stamping as if

he was in a great passion; but, as she did not stir, he drew his knife,

and stabbed her in the neck. The blood spurted out freely, and she fell

to the ground as if she was dead.

‘What have you done?’ asked the robbers, looking at him in dismay. ‘The

poor woman was doing nothing.’

‘Perhaps I was hasty, but it is easily set right,’ replied the

shoemaker, taking down his guitar and beginning to play. Hardly had he

struck the first notes than his wife sat up; then got on her feet and

danced.

The robbers stared with open mouths, and at last they said, ‘Master

Joseph, you may keep the fifty gold pieces. But tell us what you will

take for your guitar, for you must sell it to us?’

‘Oh, that is impossible!’ replied the shoemaker, ‘for every time I have

a quarrel with my wife I just strike her dead, and so give vent to my

anger. This has become such a habit with me that I don’t think I could

break myself of it; and, of course, if I got rid of the guitar I could

never bring her back to life again.’

However, the robbers would not listen to him, and at last he consented

to take forty gold pieces for the guitar.

Then they all returned to their cave in the forest, delighted with their

new purchase, and longing for a chance of trying its powers. But the

captain declared that the first trial belonged to him, and after that

the others might have their turn.

That evening he called to his wife and said, ‘What have you got for

supper?’

‘Macaroni,’ answered she.

‘Why have you not boiled a fish?’ he cried, and stabber in the neck so

that she fell dead. The captain, who was not in the least angry, seized

the guitar and began to play; but, let him play as loud as he would, the

dead woman never stirred. ‘Oh, lying shoemaker! Oh, abominable knave!

Twice has he got the better of me. But I will pay him out!’

So he raged and swore, but it did him no good. The fact remained that he

had killed his wife and could not bring her back again.

The next morning came one of the robbers to fetch the guitar, and to

hear what had happened.

‘Well, how have you got on?’

‘Oh, splendidly! I stabbed my wife, and then began to play, and now she

is as well as ever.’

‘Did you really? Then this evening I will try for myself.’

Of course the same thing happened over again, till all the wives had

been killed secretly, and when there were no more left they whispered to

each other the dreadful tale, and swore to be avenged on the shoemaker.

The band lost no time in setting out for his house, and, as before,

the shoemaker saw them coming from afar. He called to his wife, who was

washing in the kitchen: ‘Listen, Aita: when the robbers come and ask for

me say I have gone to the vineyard. Then tell the dog to call me, and

chase him from the house.’

When he had given these directions he ran out of the back door and hid

behind a barrel. A few minutes later the robbers arrived, and called

loudly for the shoemaker.

‘Alas! good gentlemen, he is up in the vineyard, but I will send the

dog after him at once. Here! now quickly to the vineyard, and tell your

master some gentlemen are here who wish to speak to him. Go as fast as

you can.’ And she opened the door and let the dog out.

‘You can really trust the dog to call your husband?’ asked the robbers.

‘Dear me, yes! He understands everything, and will always carry any

message I give him.’

By-and-bye the shoemaker came in and said, ‘Good morning, gentlemen; the

dog tells me you wish to speak to me.’

‘Yes, we do,’ replied the robber; ‘we have come to speak to you about

that guitar. It is your fault that we have murdered all our wives; and,

though we played as you told us, none of them ever came back to life.’

‘You could not have played properly,’ said the shoemaker. ‘It was your

own fault.’

‘Well, we will forget all about it,’ answered the robbers, ‘if you will

only sell us your dog.’

‘Oh, that is impossible! I should never get on without him.’

But the robbers offered him forty gold pieces, and at last he agreed to

let them have the dog.

So they departed, taking the dog with them, and when they got back to

their cave the captain declared that it was his right to have the first

trial.

He then called his daughter, and said to her, ‘I am going to the inn; if

anybody wants me, loose the dog, and send him to call me.’

About an hour after some one arrived on business, and the girl untied

the dog and said, ‘Go to the inn and call my father!’ The dog bounded

off, but ran straight to the shoemaker.

When the robber got home and found no dog he thought ‘He must have gone

back to his old master,’ and, though night had already fallen, he went

off after him.

‘Master Joseph, is the dog here?’ asked he.

‘Ah! yes, the poor beast is so fond of me! You must give him time to get

accustomed to new ways.’

So the captain brought the dog back, and the following morning handed

him over to another of the band, just saying that the animal really

could do what the shoemaker had said.

The second robber carefully kept his own counsel, and fetched the dog

secretly back from the shoemaker, and so on through the whole band. At

length, when everybody had suffered, they met and told the whole story,

and next day they all marched off in fury to the man who had made game

of them. After reproaching him with having deceived them, they tied him

up in a sack, and told him they were going to throw him into the sea.

The shoemaker lay quite still, and let them do as they would.

They went on till they came to a church, and the robbers said, ‘The sun

is hot and the sack is heavy; let us leave it here and go in and rest.’

So they put the sack down by the roadside, and went into the church.

Now, on a hill near by there was a swineherd looking after a great herd

of pigs and whistling merrily.

When Master Joseph heard him he cried out as loud as he could, ‘I won’t;

I won’t, I say.’

‘What won’t you do?’ asked the swineherd.

‘Oh,’ replied the shoemaker. ‘They want me to marry the king’s daughter,

and I won’t do it.’

‘How lucky you are!’ sighed the swineherd. ‘Now, if it were only me!’

‘Oh, if that’s all!’ replied the cunning shoemaker, ‘get you into this

sack, and let me out.’

Then the swineherd opened the sack and took the place of the shoemaker,

who went gaily off, driving the pigs before him.

When the robbers were rested they came out of the church, took up the

sack, and carried it to the sea, where they threw it in, and it sank

directly. As they came back they met the shoemaker, and stared at him

with open mouths.

‘Oh, if you only knew how many pigs live in the sea,’ he cried. ‘And the

deeper you go the more there are. I have just brought up these, and mean

to return for some more.’

‘There are still some left there?’

‘Oh, more than I could count,’ replied the shoemaker. ‘I will show you

what you must do.’ Then he led the robbers back to the shore. ‘Now,’

said he, ‘you must each of you tie a stone to your necks, so that you

may be sure to go deep enough, for I found the pigs that you saw very

deep down indeed.’

Then the robbers all tied stones round their necks, and jumped in, and

were drowned, and Master Joseph drove his pigs home, and was a rich man

to the end of his days.


Story DNA

Moral

Cunning and quick wit can overcome brute force and greed, leading to prosperity.

Plot Summary

A destitute shoemaker, through his quick wit, tricks a band of robbers into buying his ordinary donkey as a 'golden' one. When they seek revenge, he stages his wife's 'death' and 'resurrection' to sell them a 'magic guitar' that causes them to kill their own wives. Again confronted, he sells them a 'talking dog' that only he can understand. Finally, when captured and put in a sack to be drowned, he tricks a swineherd into taking his place, then convinces the robbers to drown themselves by promising them a sea full of pigs, thus becoming rich.

Themes

cunning over strengthresourcefulness in adversitygreed and gullibilitysocial mobility

Emotional Arc

suffering to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: rule of three, direct address to reader (implied through simple explanations)

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: the 'golden donkey' (illusory), the 'resurrection guitar' (illusory), the 'talking dog' (illusory)
the donkey (representing initial gain and first trick)the guitar (representing the second, more dangerous trick)the dog (representing the third trick and the robbers' ultimate gullibility)the sack (representing the shoemaker's perceived doom and ultimate escape)

Cultural Context

Origin: Sicilian (Italian)
Era: timeless fairy tale

Andrew Lang collected this tale from 'Sicilianische Mahrchen' (Sicilian Fairy Tales), indicating its roots in Sicilian oral tradition, which often features clever protagonists outsmarting authority or villains.

Plot Beats (16)

  1. A poor shoemaker leaves home to find work and earns a small sum, buying a donkey.
  2. He encounters robbers, hides some money, and pretends his donkey is a 'golden donkey' that produces money.
  3. The robbers buy the donkey for fifty gold pieces, and the shoemaker returns home, pleased.
  4. The robbers discover the donkey is ordinary and plan revenge.
  5. The shoemaker stages his wife's 'murder' and 'resurrection' using a blood-filled bladder and a guitar, convincing the robbers the guitar has magical powers.
  6. The robbers buy the guitar for forty gold pieces, and each kills their wife trying to replicate the trick, failing to bring them back.
  7. The robbers, enraged, return to confront the shoemaker.
  8. The shoemaker stages a scene where his dog 'calls' him from the vineyard, convincing the robbers the dog can communicate.
  9. The robbers buy the dog for forty gold pieces, but the dog repeatedly returns to the shoemaker, further frustrating them.
  10. The robbers capture the shoemaker, tie him in a sack, and plan to drown him.
  11. They leave the sack by a church to rest, and the shoemaker overhears a swineherd.
  12. The shoemaker tricks the swineherd into believing he's being forced to marry the king's daughter and convinces him to switch places in the sack.
  13. The robbers return, throw the sack (containing the swineherd) into the sea, and encounter the shoemaker driving a herd of pigs.
  14. The shoemaker claims he found the pigs in the sea and that there are more deeper down.
  15. He convinces the greedy robbers to tie stones to their necks and jump into the sea to find more pigs, leading to their deaths.
  16. The shoemaker returns home a rich man, having outwitted all his adversaries.

Characters

👤

Master Joseph

human adult male

Small and nimble

Attire: Simple leather apron and tunic, patched trousers, sturdy shoes

Leather apron stained with dye

Cunning, resourceful

👤

Aita

human adult female

Sturdy and resilient

Attire: Simple peasant dress, apron, headscarf

Blood-soaked neck bladder

Obedient, supportive

👤

The Robber Captain

human adult male

Large and imposing

Attire: Leather jerkin, dark trousers, boots, possibly a sash

Thick, unkempt beard

Greedy, gullible

👤

The Swineherd

human young adult male

Simple and unassuming

Attire: Roughspun tunic, simple trousers

Herd of pigs

Naive, opportunistic

Locations

Shoemaker's Home in Catania

indoor Implied poverty suggests a harsh season, possibly winter.

A humble dwelling where the shoemaker and his wife are nearly starving due to lack of work.

Mood: Desperate, impoverished, but also hopeful.

The shoemaker decides to leave and seek work, setting the plot in motion.

Empty pantry Shoemaking tools Worn furniture

Streets of Mascalucia

outdoor Not specified, but implied to be fair enough for walking.

A town where the shoemaker seeks work, going door-to-door.

Mood: Busy, opportunistic, a place of potential.

The shoemaker earns enough money to buy a donkey, a turning point in his fortunes.

Doorsteps Windows with women's heads Cobblestone streets

Thick Wood on the Road to Catania

outdoor Not specified, but dense enough to conceal robbers.

A dense forest where the shoemaker encounters robbers.

Mood: Threatening, dangerous, full of suspense.

The shoemaker's cunning is first tested as he tricks the robbers with the 'golden donkey'.

Tall trees Hidden paths Shadows

Robbers' Cave in the Forest

indoor Cool and damp.

A hidden cave where the robbers live and store their loot.

Mood: Secretive, greedy, ultimately foolish.

The robbers are repeatedly tricked by the shoemaker, leading to their downfall.

Mattress in stable Hidden corners Stolen goods

Seashore

transitional Not specified, but calm enough for drowning.

The edge of the sea, where the robbers intend to drown the shoemaker.

Mood: Desolate, final, a place of reckoning.

The shoemaker tricks the robbers into drowning themselves, achieving final victory.

Waves Stones Sack