Snowdrop

by Andrew Lang · from The Red Fairy Book

fairy tale transformation solemn Ages 8-14 3178 words 14 min read
Cover: Snowdrop
Original Story 3178 words · 14 min read

SNOWDROP

Once upon a time, in the middle of winter when the snow-flakes were

falling like feathers on the earth, a Queen sat at a window framed in

black ebony and sewed. And as she sewed and gazed out to the white

landscape, she pricked her finger with the needle, and three drops of

blood fell on the snow outside, and because the red showed out so well

against the white she thought to herself:

‘Oh! what wouldn’t I give to have a child as white as snow, as red as

blood, and as black as ebony!’

And her wish was granted, for not long after a little daughter was born

to her, with a skin as white as snow, lips and cheeks as red as blood,

and hair as black as ebony. They called her Snowdrop, and not long

after her birth the Queen died.

After a year the King married again. His new wife was a beautiful

woman, but so proud and overbearing that she couldn’t stand any rival

to her beauty. She possessed a magic mirror, and when she used to stand

before it gazing at her own reflection and ask:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

it always replied:

‘You are most fair, my Lady Queen,

None fairer in the land, I ween.’

Then she was quite happy, for she knew the mirror always spoke the

truth.

But Snowdrop was growing prettier and prettier every day, and when she

was seven years old she was as beautiful as she could be, and fairer

even than the Queen herself. One day when the latter asked her mirror

the usual question, it replied:

‘My Lady Queen, you are fair, ‘tis true,

But Snowdrop is fairer far than you.’

Then the Queen flew into the most awful passion, and turned every shade

of green in her jealousy. From this hour she hated poor Snowdrop like

poison, and every day her envy, hatred, and malice grew, for envy and

jealousy are like evil weeds which spring up and choke the heart. At

last she could endure Snowdrop’s presence no longer, and, calling a

huntsman to her, she said:

‘Take the child out into the wood, and never let me see her face again.

You must kill her, and bring me back her lungs and liver, that I may

know for certain she is dead.’

The Huntsman did as he was told and led Snowdrop out into the wood, but

as he was in the act of drawing out his knife to slay her, she began to

cry, and said:

‘Oh, dear Huntsman, spare my life, and I will promise to fly forth into

the wide wood and never to return home again.’

And because she was so young and pretty the Huntsman had pity on her,

and said:

‘Well, run along, poor child.’ For he thought to himself: ‘The wild

beasts will soon eat her up.’

And his heart felt lighter because he hadn’t had to do the deed

himself. And as he turned away a young boar came running past, so he

shot it, and brought its lungs and liver home to the Queen as a proof

that Snowdrop was really dead. And the wicked woman had them stewed in

salt, and ate them up, thinking she had made an end of Snowdrop for

ever.

Now when the poor child found herself alone in the big wood the very

trees around her seemed to assume strange shapes, and she felt so

frightened she didn’t know what to do. Then she began to run over the

sharp stones, and through the bramble bushes, and the wild beasts ran

past her, but they did her no harm. She ran as far as her legs would

carry her, and as evening approached she saw a little house, and she

stepped inside to rest. Everything was very small in the little house,

but cleaner and neater than anything you can imagine. In the middle of

the room there stood a little table, covered with a white tablecloth,

and seven little plates and forks and spoons and knives and tumblers.

Side by side against the wall there were seven little beds, covered

with snow-white counterpanes. Snowdrop felt so hungry and so thirsty

that she ate a bit of bread and a little porridge from each plate, and

drank a drop of wine out of each tumbler. Then feeling tired and sleepy

she lay down on one of the beds, but it wasn’t comfortable; then she

tried all the others in turn, but one was too long, and another too

short, and it was only when she got to the seventh that she found one

to suit her exactly. So she lay down upon it, said her prayers like a

good child, and fell fast asleep.

When it got quite dark the masters of the little house returned. They

were seven dwarfs who worked in the mines, right down deep in the heart

of the mountain. They lighted their seven little lamps, and as soon as

their eyes got accustomed to the glare they saw that someone had been

in the room, for all was not in the same order as they had left it.

The first said:

‘Who’s been sitting on my little chair?’

The second said:

‘Who’s been eating my little loaf?’

The third said:

‘Who’s been tasting my porridge?’

The fourth said:

‘Who’s been eating out of my little plate?’

The fifth said:

‘Who’s been using my little fork?’

The sixth said:

‘Who’s been cutting with my little knife?’

The seventh said:

‘Who’s been drinking out of my little tumbler?’

Then the first Dwarf looked round and saw a little hollow in his bed,

and he asked again:

‘Who’s been lying on my bed?’

The others came running round, and cried when they saw their beds:

‘Somebody has lain on ours too.’

But when the seventh came to his bed, he started back in amazement, for

there he beheld Snowdrop fast asleep. Then he called the others, who

turned their little lamps full on the bed, and when they saw Snowdrop

lying there they nearly fell down with surprise.

‘Goodness gracious!’ they cried, ‘what a beautiful child!’

And they were so enchanted by her beauty that they did not wake her,

but let her sleep on in the little bed. But the seventh Dwarf slept

with his companions one hour in each bed, and in this way he managed to

pass the night.

In the morning Snowdrop awoke, but when she saw the seven little Dwarfs

she felt very frightened. But they were so friendly and asked her what

her name was in such a kind way, that she replied:

‘I am Snowdrop.’

‘Why did you come to our house?’ continued the Dwarfs.

Then she told them how her stepmother had wished her put to death, and

how the Huntsman had spared her life, and how she had run the whole day

till she had come to their little house. The Dwarfs, when they had

heard her sad story, asked her:

‘Will you stay and keep house for us, cook, make the beds, the washing,

sew and knit? and if you give satisfaction and keep everything neat and

clean, you shall want for nothing.’

‘Yes,’ answered Snowdrop, ‘I will gladly do all you ask.’

And so she took up her abode with them. Every morning the Dwarfs went

into the mountain to dig for gold, and in the evening, when they

returned home, Snowdrop always had their supper ready for them. But

during the day the girl was left quite alone, so the good Dwarfs warned

her, saying:

‘Beware of your step-mother. She will soon find out you are here, and

whatever you do don’t let anyone into the house.’

Now the Queen, after she thought she had eaten Snowdrop’s lungs and

liver, never dreamed but that she was once more the most beautiful

woman in the world; so stepping before her mirror one day she said:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

and the mirror replied:

‘My Lady Queen, you are fair, ‘tis true,

But Snowdrop is fairer far than you.

Snowdrop, who dwells with the seven little men,

Is as fair as you, as fair again.’

When the Queen heard these words she was nearly struck dumb with

horror, for the mirror always spoke the truth, and she knew now that

the Huntsman must have deceived her, and that Snowdrop was still alive.

She pondered day and night how she might destroy her, for as long as

she felt she had a rival in the land her jealous heart left her no

rest. At last she hit upon a plan. She stained her face and dressed

herself up as an old peddler wife, so that she was quite

unrecognisable. In this guise she went over the seven hills till she

came to the house of the seven Dwarfs. There she knocked at the door,

calling out at the same time:

‘Fine wares to sell, fine wares to sell!’

Snowdrop peeped out of the window, and called out:

‘Good-day, mother, what have you to sell?’

‘Good wares, fine wares,’ she answered; ‘laces of every shade and

description,’ and she held one up that was made of some gay coloured

silk.

‘Surely I can let the honest woman in,’ thought Snowdrop; so she

unbarred the door and bought the pretty lace.

‘Good gracious! child,’ said the old woman, ‘what a figure you’ve got.

Come! I’ll lace you up properly for once.’

Snowdrop, suspecting no evil, stood before her and let her lace her

bodice up, but the old woman laced her so quickly and so tightly that

it took Snowdrop’s breath away, and she fell down dead.

‘Now you are no longer the fairest,’ said the wicked old woman, and

then she hastened away.

In the evening the seven Dwarfs came home, and you may think what a

fright they got when they saw their dear Snowdrop lying on the floor,

as still and motionless as a dead person. They lifted her up tenderly,

and when they saw how tightly laced she was they cut the lace in two,

and she began to breathe a little and gradually came back to life. When

the Dwarfs heard what had happened, they said:

‘Depend upon it, the old peddler wife was none other than the old

Queen. In future you must be sure to let no one in, if we are not at

home.’

As soon as the wicked old Queen got home she went straight to her

mirror, and said:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

and the mirror answered as before:

‘My Lady Queen, you are fair, ‘tis true,

But Snowdrop is fairer far than you.

Snowdrop, who dwells with the seven little men,

Is as fair as you, as fair again.’

When she heard this she became as pale as death, because she saw at

once that Snowdrop must be alive again.

‘This time,’ she said to herself, ‘I will think of something that will

make an end of her once and for all.’

And by the witchcraft which she understood so well she made a poisonous

comb; then she dressed herself up and assumed the form of another old

woman. So she went over the seven hills till she reached the house of

the seven Dwarfs, and knocking at the door she called out:

‘Fine wares for sale.’

Snowdrop looked out of the window and said:

‘You must go away, for I may not let anyone in.’

‘But surely you are not forbidden to look out?’ said the old woman, and

she held up the poisonous comb for her to see.

It pleased the girl so much that she let herself be taken in, and

opened the door. When they had settled their bargain the old woman

said:

‘Now I’ll comb your hair properly for you, for once in the way.’

Poor Snowdrop thought no evil, but hardly had the comb touched her hair

than the poison worked and she fell down unconscious.

‘Now, my fine lady, you’re really done for this time,’ said the wicked

woman, and she made her way home as fast as she could.

Fortunately it was now near evening, and the seven Dwarfs returned

home. When they saw Snowdrop lying dead on the ground, they at once

suspected that her wicked step-mother had been at work again; so they

searched till they found the poisonous comb, and the moment they pulled

it out of her head Snowdrop came to herself again, and told them what

had happened. Then they warned her once more to be on her guard, and to

open the door to no one.

As soon as the Queen got home she went straight to her mirror, and

asked:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

and it replied as before:

‘My Lady Queen, you are fair, ‘tis true,

But Snowdrop is fairer far than you.

Snowdrop, who dwells with the seven little men,

Is as fair as you, as fair again.’

When she heard these words she literally trembled and shook with rage.

‘Snowdrop shall die,’ she cried; ‘yes, though it cost me my own life.’

Then she went to a little secret chamber, which no one knew of but

herself, and there she made a poisonous apple. Outwardly it looked

beautiful, white with red cheeks, so that everyone who saw it longed to

eat it, but anyone who might do so would certainly die on the spot.

When the apple was quite finished she stained her face and dressed

herself up as a peasant, and so she went over the seven hills to the

seven Dwarfs’. She knocked at the door, as usual, but Snowdrop put her

head out of the window and called out:

‘I may not let anyone in, the seven Dwarfs have forbidden me to do so.’

‘Are you afraid of being poisoned?’ asked the old woman. ‘See, I will

cut this apple in half. I’ll eat the white cheek and you can eat the

red.’

But the apple was so cunningly made that only the red cheek was

poisonous. Snowdrop longed to eat the tempting fruit, and when she saw

that the peasant woman was eating it herself, she couldn’t resist the

temptation any longer, and stretching out her hand she took the

poisonous half. But hardly had the first bite passed her lips than she

fell down dead on the ground. Then the eyes of the cruel Queen sparkled

with glee, and laughing aloud she cried:

‘As white as snow, as red as blood, and as black as ebony, this time

the Dwarfs won’t be able to bring you back to life.’

When she got home she asked the mirror:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

and this time it replied:

‘You are most fair, my Lady Queen,

None fairer in the land, I ween.’

Then her jealous heart was at rest—at least, as much at rest as a

jealous heart can ever be.

When the little Dwarfs came home in the evening they found Snowdrop

lying on the ground, and she neither breathed nor stirred. They lifted

her up, and looked round everywhere to see if they could find anything

poisonous about. They unlaced her bodice, combed her hair, washed her

with water and wine, but all in vain; the child was dead and remained

dead. Then they placed her on a bier, and all the seven Dwarfs sat

round it, weeping and sobbing for three whole days. At last they made

up their minds to bury her, but she looked as blooming as a living

being, and her cheeks were still such a lovely colour, that they said:

‘We can’t hide her away in the black ground.’

So they had a coffin made of transparent glass, and they laid her in

it, and wrote on the lid in golden letters that she was a royal

Princess. Then they put the coffin on the top of the mountain, and one

of the Dwarfs always remained beside it and kept watch over it. And the

very birds of the air came and bewailed Snowdrop’s death, first an owl,

and then a raven, and last of all a little dove.

Snowdrop lay a long time in the coffin, and she always looked the same,

just as if she were fast asleep, and she remained as white as snow, as

red as blood, and her hair as black as ebony.

Now it happened one day that a Prince came to the wood and passed by

the Dwarfs’ house. He saw the coffin on the hill, with the beautiful

Snowdrop inside it, and when he had read what was written on it in

golden letters, he said to the Dwarf:

‘Give me the coffin. I’ll give you whatever you like for it.’

But the Dwarf said: ‘No; we wouldn’t part with it for all the gold in

the world.’

‘Well, then,’ he replied, ‘give it to me, because I can’t live without

Snowdrop. I will cherish and love it as my dearest possession.’

He spoke so sadly that the good Dwarfs had pity on him, and gave him

the coffin, and the Prince made his servants bear it away on their

shoulders. Now it happened that as they were going down the hill they

stumbled over a bush, and jolted the coffin so violently that the

poisonous bit of apple Snowdrop had swallowed fell out of her throat.

She gradually opened her eyes, lifted up the lid of the coffin, and sat

up alive and well.

‘Oh! dear me, where am I?’ she cried.

The Prince answered joyfully, ‘You are with me,’ and he told her all

that had happened, adding, ‘I love you better than anyone in the whole

wide world. Will you come with me to my father’s palace and be my

wife?’

Snowdrop consented, and went with him, and the marriage was celebrated

with great pomp and splendour.

Now Snowdrop’s wicked step-mother was one of the guests invited to the

wedding feast. When she had dressed herself very gorgeously for the

occasion, she went to the mirror, and said:

‘Mirror, mirror, hanging there,

Who in all the land’s most fair?’

and the mirror answered:

‘My Lady Queen, you are fair, ‘tis true,

But Snowdrop is fairer far than you.’

When the wicked woman heard these words she uttered a curse, and was

beside herself with rage and mortification. At first she didn’t want to

go to the wedding at all, but at the same time she felt she would never

be happy till she had seen the young Queen. As she entered Snowdrop

recognised her, and nearly fainted with fear; but red-hot iron shoes

had been prepared for the wicked old Queen, and she was made to get

into them and dance till she fell down dead.[29]

[29] Grimm.


Story DNA

Moral

Evil deeds and vanity ultimately lead to one's own destruction, while goodness and purity are rewarded.

Plot Summary

A Queen wishes for a child with skin as white as snow, lips as red as blood, and hair as black as ebony; her wish is granted, and the child, Snowdrop, is born. After her mother's death, Snowdrop's vain stepmother, a Queen with a magic mirror, becomes intensely jealous when the mirror declares Snowdrop the fairest. The Queen repeatedly tries to kill Snowdrop, first by ordering a huntsman to do so (who spares her), then by poisoning her with a bodice lace and a comb (from which the dwarfs revive her). Finally, the Queen poisons Snowdrop with an apple, putting her into a death-like sleep. Snowdrop is placed in a glass coffin until a Prince discovers her, and a jolt revives her. They marry, and the wicked Queen, attending the wedding, is forced to dance in red-hot shoes until she dies.

Themes

jealousy and envybeauty and vanitygood vs. evilperseverance and survival

Emotional Arc

innocence to suffering to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: repetition (magic mirror rhyme), rule of three (attempts on Snowdrop's life), vivid sensory details (colors white, red, black)

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: magic mirror, poisoned objects (bodice lace, comb, apple), magical revival from poison, dwarfs
the magic mirror (vanity, truth)the colors white, red, black (purity, life, death/beauty)the poisoned apple (temptation, deception)the glass coffin (preserved beauty, suspended animation)

Cultural Context

Origin: German
Era: timeless fairy tale

This version, collected by the Brothers Grimm, reflects common European folklore motifs and social structures of pre-industrial times, including the harsh justice meted out to villains.

Plot Beats (15)

  1. A Queen wishes for a child as white as snow, red as blood, and black as ebony; Snowdrop is born, and the Queen dies.
  2. The King marries a vain Queen with a magic mirror that confirms her beauty.
  3. Snowdrop grows up, and the mirror declares her fairer than the Queen, sparking the Queen's intense jealousy.
  4. The Queen orders a huntsman to kill Snowdrop, but he takes pity and lets her escape, bringing back a boar's organs as proof.
  5. Snowdrop flees into the forest and discovers a small house belonging to seven dwarfs, where she tidies and rests.
  6. The dwarfs return, discover Snowdrop, and agree to let her stay if she keeps house for them, warning her about her stepmother.
  7. The Queen consults her mirror again, learns Snowdrop is alive with the dwarfs, and plots her death.
  8. The Queen, disguised as a peddler, attempts to kill Snowdrop with a poisoned bodice lace; the dwarfs revive her.
  9. The Queen, disguised again, attempts to kill Snowdrop with a poisoned comb; the dwarfs revive her again.
  10. The Queen creates a poisoned apple, disguises herself as a peasant, and tricks Snowdrop into eating it, causing her to fall into a deep sleep.
  11. The dwarfs find Snowdrop seemingly dead, place her in a glass coffin, and mourn her.
  12. A Prince discovers Snowdrop in her coffin, falls in love, and convinces the dwarfs to let him take her.
  13. During transport, the coffin is jolted, dislodging the poisoned apple from Snowdrop's throat, and she awakens.
  14. Snowdrop and the Prince fall in love and plan their wedding.
  15. The wicked Queen, invited to the wedding, asks her mirror who is fairest, and it reveals Snowdrop, leading to her rage and eventual death by dancing in red-hot shoes.

Characters

👤

Snowdrop

human child female

Skin as white as snow, lips and cheeks as red as blood, hair as black as ebony

Attire: Simple child's dress, appropriate for a princess in a fairy tale setting

The contrast of her snow-white skin and ebony hair

Innocent, trusting, gentle

👤

The Queen (step-mother)

human adult female

Beautiful, but her beauty is marred by jealousy and malice

Attire: Rich, elaborate gowns befitting a queen, designed to emphasize her beauty

Her face turning green with envy

Vain, jealous, cruel

👤

The Huntsman

human adult male

Strong, capable, but with a capacity for pity

Attire: Traditional huntsman's attire: leather jerkin, sturdy boots

His knife held aloft, hesitating

Loyal, compassionate, conflicted

✦

The Seven Dwarfs

non-human adult male

Small stature, beards

Attire: Miners' clothing: tunics, trousers, caps

Each holding a lit, tiny lamp

Industrious, kind, protective

👤

The Prince

human young adult male

Handsome, noble

Attire: Princely attire: fine fabrics, ornate details

Kneeling beside the glass coffin

Brave, persistent, romantic

👤

The Queen (Snowdrop's mother)

human adult female

Not explicitly described, but implied to be beautiful

Attire: Queenly attire: rich fabrics, jeweled accessories

Pricking her finger, with three drops of blood on the snow

Wishful, loving (implied)

Locations

Queen's Ebony Window

indoor winter, snow falling

A window framed in black ebony, overlooking a snowy landscape.

Mood: contemplative, magical

The Queen makes her wish for a child.

ebony frame snowflakes three drops of blood sewing needle

The Dark Woods

outdoor afternoon

A large, frightening wood with sharp stones and bramble bushes.

Mood: frightening, desolate

Snowdrop is abandoned by the huntsman and wanders alone.

sharp stones bramble bushes wild beasts tall trees

Dwarfs' Cottage

indoor evening

A tiny, neat cottage with miniature furniture and seven small beds.

Mood: cozy, safe

Snowdrop finds refuge and is discovered by the dwarfs.

seven little beds white tablecloth seven plates seven little lamps

Secret Chamber

indoor

A little secret chamber known only to the Queen.

Mood: dark, secretive

The Queen creates the poisonous apple.

unknown contents hidden location poisonous ingredients

Glass Coffin on the Mountain

outdoor

A transparent glass coffin on the top of a mountain, with golden letters on the lid.

Mood: mournful, magical

Snowdrop lies in suspended animation until the Prince arrives.

transparent glass coffin golden letters mountain top bier