The Nettle Spinner

by Andrew Lang · from The Red Fairy Book

fairy tale moral tale solemn Ages 8-14 2138 words 10 min read
Cover: The Nettle Spinner
Original Story 2138 words · 10 min read

THE NETTLE SPINNER

I

Once upon a time there lived at Quesnoy, in Flanders, a great lord

whose name was Burchard, but whom the country people called Burchard

the Wolf. Now Burchard had such a wicked, cruel heart, that it was

whispered how he used to harness his peasants to the plough, and force

them by blows from his whip to till his land with naked feet.

His wife, on the other hand, was always tender and pitiful to the poor

and miserable.

Every time that she heard of another misdeed of her husband’s she

secretly went to repair the evil, which caused her name to be blessed

throughout the whole country-side. This Countess was adored as much as

the Count was hated.

II

One day when he was out hunting the Count passed through a forest, and

at the door of a lonely cottage he saw a beautiful girl spinning hemp.

‘What is your name?’ he asked her.

‘Renelde, my lord.’

‘You must get tired of staying in such a lonely place?’

‘I am accustomed to it, my lord, and I never get tired of it.’

‘That may be so; but come to the castle, and I will make you lady’s

maid to the Countess.’

‘I cannot do that, my lord. I have to look after my grandmother, who is

very helpless.’

‘Come to the castle, I tell you. I shall expect you this evening,’ and

he went on his way.

But Renelde, who was betrothed to a young wood-cutter called Guilbert,

had no intention of obeying the Count, and she had, besides, to take

care of her grandmother.

Three days later the Count again passed by.

‘Why didn’t you come?’ he asked the pretty spinner.

‘I told you, my lord, that I have to look after my grandmother.’

‘Come to-morrow, and I will make you lady-in-waiting to the Countess,’

and he went on his way.

This offer produced no more effect than the other, and Renelde did not

go to the castle.

‘If you will only come,’ said the Count to her when next he rode by, ‘I

will send away the Countess, and will marry you.’

But two years before, when Renelde’s mother was dying of a long

illness, the Countess had not forgotten them, but had given help when

they sorely needed it. So even if the Count had really wished to marry

Renelde, she would always have refused.

III

Some weeks passed before Burchard appeared again.

Renelde hoped she had got rid of him, when one day he stopped at the

door, his duck-gun under his arm and his game-bag on his shoulder. This

time Renelde was spinning not hemp, but flax.

‘What are you spinning?’ he asked in a rough voice.

‘My wedding shift, my lord.’

‘You are going to be married, then?’

‘Yes, my lord, by your leave.’

For at that time no peasant could marry without the leave of his

master.

‘I will give you leave on one condition. Do you see those tall nettles

that grow on the tombs in the churchyard? Go and gather them, and spin

them into two fine shifts. One shall be your bridal shift, and the

other shall be my shroud. For you shall be married the day that I am

laid in my grave.’ And the Count turned away with a mocking laugh.

Renelde trembled. Never in all Locquignol had such a thing been heard

of as the spinning of nettles.

And besides, the Count seemed made of iron and was very proud of his

strength, often boasting that he should live to be a hundred.

Every evening, when his work was done, Guilbert came to visit his

future bride. This evening he came as usual, and Renelde told him what

Burchard had said.

‘Would you like me to watch for the Wolf, and split his skull with a

blow from my axe?’

‘No,’ replied Renelde, ‘there must be no blood on my bridal bouquet.

And then we must not hurt the Count. Remember how good the Countess was

to my mother.’

An old, old woman now spoke: she was the mother of Renelde’s

grandmother, and was more than ninety years old. All day long she sat

in her chair nodding her head and never saying a word.

‘My children,’ she said, ‘all the years that I have lived in the world,

I have never heard of a shift spun from nettles. But what God commands,

man can do. Why should not Renelde try it?’

IV

Renelde did try, and to her great surprise the nettles when crushed and

prepared gave a good thread, soft and light and firm. Very soon she had

spun the first shift, which was for her own wedding. She wove and cut

it out at once, hoping that the Count would not force her to begin the

other. Just as she had finished sewing it, Burchard the Wolf passed by.

‘Well,’ said he, ‘how are the shifts getting on?’

‘Here, my lord, is my wedding garment,’ answered Renelde, showing him

the shift, which was the finest and whitest ever seen.

The Count grew pale, but he replied roughly, ‘Very good. Now begin the

other.’

The spinner set to work. As the Count returned to the castle, a cold

shiver passed over him, and he felt, as the saying is, that some one

was walking over his grave. He tried to eat his supper, but could not;

he went to bed shaking with fever. But he did not sleep, and in the

morning could not manage to rise.

This sudden illness, which every instant became worse, made him very

uneasy. No doubt Renelde’s spinning-wheel knew all about it. Was it not

necessary that his body, as well as his shroud, should be ready for the

burial?

The first thing Burchard did was to send to Renelde and to stop her

wheel.

Renelde obeyed, and that evening Guilbert asked her:

‘Has the Count given his consent to our marriage?’

‘No,’ said Renelde.

‘Continue your work, sweetheart. It is the only way of gaining it. You

know he told you so himself.’

V

The following morning, as soon as she had put the house in order, the

girl sat down to spin. Two hours after there arrived some soldiers, and

when they saw her spinning they seized her, tied her arms and legs, and

carried her to the bank of the river, which was swollen by the late

rains.

When they reached the bank they flung her in, and watched her sink,

after which they left her. But Renelde rose to the surface, and though

she could not swim she struggled to land.

Directly she got home she sat down and began to spin.

Again came the two soldiers to the cottage and seized the girl, carried

her to the river bank, tied a stone to her neck and flung her into the

water.

The moment their backs were turned the stone untied itself. Renelde

waded the ford, returned to the hut, and sat down to spin.

This time the Count resolved to go to Locquignol himself; but, as he

was very weak and unable to walk, he had himself borne in a litter. And

still the spinner spun.

When he saw her he fired a shot at her, as he would have fired at a

wild beast. The bullet rebounded without harming the spinner, who still

spun on.

Burchard fell into such a violent rage that it nearly killed him. He

broke the wheel into a thousand pieces, and then fell fainting on the

ground. He was carried back to the castle, unconscious.

The next day the wheel was mended, and the spinner sat down to spin.

Feeling that while she was spinning he was dying, the Count ordered

that her hands should be tied, and that they should not lose sight of

her for one instant.

But the guards fell asleep, the bonds loosed themselves, and the

spinner spun on.

Burchard had every nettle rooted up for three leagues round. Scarcely

had they been torn from the soil when they sowed themselves afresh, and

grew as you were looking at them.

They sprung up even in the well-trodden floor of the cottage, and as

fast as they were uprooted the distaff gathered to itself a supply of

nettles, crushed, prepared, and ready for spinning.

And every day Burchard grew worse, and watched his end approaching.

VI

Moved by pity for her husband, the Countess at last found out the cause

of his illness, and entreated him to allow himself to be cured. But the

Count in his pride refused more than ever to give his consent to the

marriage.

So the lady resolved to go without his knowledge to pray for mercy from

the spinner, and in the name of Renelde’s dead mother she besought her

to spin no more. Renelde gave her promise, but in the evening Guilbert

arrived at the cottage. Seeing that the cloth was no farther advanced

than it was the evening before, he inquired the reason. Renelde

confessed that the Countess had prayed her not to let her husband die.

‘Will he consent to our marriage?’

‘No.’

‘Let him die then.’

‘But what will the Countess say?’

‘The Countess will understand that it is not your fault; the Count

alone is guilty of his own death.’

‘Let us wait a little. Perhaps his heart may be softened.’

So they waited for one month, for two, for six, for a year. The spinner

spun no more. The Count had ceased to persecute her, but he still

refused his consent to the marriage. Guilbert became impatient.

The poor girl loved him with her whole soul, and she was more unhappy

than she had been before, when Burchard was only tormenting her body.

‘Let us have done with it,’ said Guilbert.

‘Wait a little still,’ pleaded Renelde.

But the young man grew weary. He came more rarely to Locquignol, and

very soon he did not come at all. Renelde felt as if her heart would

break, but she held firm.

One day she met the Count. She clasped her hands as if in prayer, and

cried:

‘My lord, have mercy!’

Burchard the Wolf turned away his head and passed on.

She might have humbled his pride had she gone to her spinning-wheel

again, but she did nothing of the sort.

Not long after she learnt that Guilbert had left the country. He did

not even come to say good-bye to her, but, all the same, she knew the

day and hour of his departure, and hid herself on the road to see him

once more.

When she came in she put her silent wheel into a corner, and cried for

three days and three nights.

VII

So another year went by. Then the Count fell ill, and the Countess

supposed that Renelde, weary of waiting, had begun her spinning anew;

but when she came to the cottage to see, she found the wheel silent.

However, the Count grew worse and worse till he was given up by the

doctors. The passing bell was rung, and he lay expecting Death to come

for him. But Death was not so near as the doctors thought, and still he

lingered.

He seemed in a desperate condition, but he got neither better nor

worse. He could neither live nor die; he suffered horribly, and called

loudly on Death to put an end to his pains.

In this extremity he remembered what he had told the little spinner

long ago. If Death was so slow in coming, it was because he was not

ready to follow him, having no shroud for his burial.

He sent to fetch Renelde, placed her by his bedside, and ordered her at

once to go on spinning his shroud.

Hardly had the spinner begun to work when the Count began to feel his

pains grow less.

Then at last his heart melted; he was sorry for all the evil he had

done out of pride, and implored Renelde to forgive him. So Renelde

forgave him, and went on spinning night and day.

When the thread of the nettles was spun she wove it with her shuttle,

and then cut the shroud and began to sew it.

And as before, when she sewed the Count felt his pains grow less, and

the life sinking within him, and when the needle made the last stitch

he gave his last sigh.

VIII

At the same hour Guilbert returned to the country, and, as he had never

ceased to love Renelde, he married her eight days later.

He had lost two years of happiness, but comforted himself with thinking

that his wife was a clever spinner, and, what was much more rare, a

brave and good woman.[24]

[24] Ch. Deulin.


Story DNA

Moral

True love and unwavering virtue can overcome even the most tyrannical cruelty, and justice, though delayed, will ultimately prevail.

Plot Summary

A cruel lord, Burchard, demands a virtuous peasant girl, Renelde, spin two shifts from graveyard nettles—one for her wedding, one for his shroud—promising she'll marry only upon his death. As Renelde miraculously succeeds despite Burchard's escalating attempts to stop her, he falls gravely ill. After a period of suffering and the departure of her impatient fiancé, Burchard, on his deathbed, finally orders Renelde to complete his shroud. As she finishes, he repents and dies, allowing Renelde's fiancé to return and marry her, bringing justice and happiness.

Themes

perseverancejusticeredemptionlove vs. duty

Emotional Arc

suffering to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: repetition of key phrases (e.g., 'the spinner spun'), symbolism (nettles, spinning wheel), contrast between characters

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: nettles yielding fine thread, Count's life tied to the spinning of his shroud, Renelde's miraculous survival from drowning and shooting, bonds loosening, guards falling asleep, nettles regrowing instantly
the nettles (representing the impossible task, suffering, and eventual justice)the spinning wheel (representing fate, perseverance, and life/death)the shroud (representing death and the Count's comeuppance)

Cultural Context

Origin: French
Era: timeless fairy tale

The story reflects the power dynamics of feudal society, where lords held immense power over their serfs, including control over their personal lives. The 'nettle spinning' motif is a common trope in European folklore, often associated with impossible tasks or magical protection.

Plot Beats (11)

  1. Cruel Count Burchard and kind Countess live in Quesnoy; Renelde, a virtuous spinner, lives with her grandmother.
  2. Burchard repeatedly tries to lure Renelde to his castle, but she refuses due to her betrothal to Guilbert and loyalty to the Countess.
  3. Enraged by her refusal, Burchard demands Renelde spin two shifts from graveyard nettles – one for her wedding, one for his shroud – promising she'll marry only when he dies.
  4. Renelde, encouraged by her ancient great-grandmother, begins spinning the nettles, which miraculously become fine thread.
  5. As Renelde completes her wedding shift, Burchard falls gravely ill, realizing his life is linked to her spinning.
  6. Burchard attempts to stop Renelde by having her drowned, shot, her wheel broken, her hands tied, and all nettles uprooted, but she miraculously continues to spin.
  7. The Countess, out of pity, persuades Renelde to stop spinning, causing Burchard's suffering to prolong, but also delaying her marriage.
  8. Guilbert, impatient with the delay, leaves Renelde, who remains steadfast despite her heartbreak.
  9. After a year, Burchard is on his deathbed, unable to die, and sends for Renelde to complete his shroud.
  10. As Renelde spins and sews the shroud, Burchard's pain diminishes, he repents, and dies with the final stitch.
  11. Guilbert returns, having never ceased to love Renelde, and they marry eight days later, finding happiness.

Characters

👤

Burchard the Wolf

human adult male

Strong, imposing, used to physical labor and hunting

Attire: Lordly attire, hunting clothes (tunic, breeches, boots, game bag)

Duck-gun slung over his shoulder

Cruel, proud, stubborn

👤

Renelde

human young adult female

Beautiful

Attire: Peasant dress (simple gown, apron), spinning tools

Spinning nettles with a determined expression

Kind, patient, resilient

👤

Countess

human adult female

Not specified, but implied to be graceful

Attire: Elegant gown befitting her status, possibly with a veil or headdress

Hands clasped in prayer, beseeching Renelde

Tender, pitiful, compassionate

👤

Guilbert

human young adult male

Strong, fit from woodcutting

Attire: Woodcutter's attire (tunic, breeches, boots, axe)

Axe resting on his shoulder

Impatient, loving, somewhat fickle

👤

Old Woman

human elderly female

Very old and frail

Attire: Simple, old-fashioned clothing

Nodding her head in her chair

Wise, observant

Locations

Lonely Cottage in the Forest

outdoor

A secluded cottage where Renelde lives with her grandmother and spins.

Mood: peaceful, isolated

The Count repeatedly tries to persuade Renelde to come to the castle, eventually demanding she spin nettles.

spinning wheel hemp flax nearby forest doorway where the Count appears

Churchyard with Tombs

outdoor

A graveyard filled with tombs where tall nettles grow.

Mood: eerie, ominous

The Count mockingly orders Renelde to spin the nettles into a wedding shift for herself and a shroud for him.

nettles growing on tombs tombstones overgrown plants

River Bank

transitional rainy

The bank of a river swollen by recent rains.

Mood: dangerous, threatening

Soldiers repeatedly throw Renelde into the river to try and stop her from spinning.

river river bank stones ford

Castle Bedchamber

indoor

The Count's bedchamber where he lies ill and eventually dies.

Mood: suffering, remorseful

The Count repents and asks for forgiveness as Renelde finishes spinning his shroud, leading to his death and the end of the curse.

bed Count lying ill Renelde spinning nearby shroud being sewn