The frog
by Andrew Lang

The Kind Son and the Frog
Once, a mother had three sons. She gave them flax to spin. "Find good wives," she said.
The two older sons had wives. They took the flax to them. The youngest son had no wife. He sat by a pond and cried.
A frog jumped out of the water. "Why are you sad?" she asked. He told her about the flax. "Give it to me," she said. "I will spin it for you."
The frog spun the flax into linen. It was very white and fine. The mother liked it the best.
Then the mother gave them puppies. "Take these to your wives," she said. "See who trains the best dog."
The youngest son went to the pond. The frog took his little puppy. She trained it to do tricks. The puppy learned to sit and shake. It learned to roll over too.
The puppy was the best dog. It was small and very clever. The mother was very happy with it.
Next, the mother gave them shirts. "See who sews the best," she said. The frog sewed the neatest shirt. The stitches were small and perfect. The mother smiled at the fine work.
"Now go get your brides," the mother said. The youngest son felt very sad. He went to the pond again.
The frog came to him. "Will you marry me?" she asked. "Yes," he said quietly.
A little chariot appeared on the road. It was made of gold and silver. The frog and the son got in. They drove away together.
They met three witches on the road. The witches were not happy. They saw the frog in the chariot. They laughed and laughed. Then they felt happy and kind.
The first witch waved her wand. The frog became a beautiful woman. The second witch waved her wand. The little chariot became a big carriage. The third witch waved her wand. A magic purse appeared for them.
The son and the woman went home. The mother was very happy. They had a big wedding feast. There was music and dancing. Everyone celebrated their kindness. They lived happily ever after.
Kindness is always rewarded.
Original Story
THE FROG Once upon a time there was a woman who had three sons. Though they were peasants they were well off, for the soil on which they lived was fruitful, and yielded rich crops. One day they all three told their mother they meant to get married. To which their mother replied: ‘Do as you like, but see that you choose good housewives, who will look carefully after your affairs; and, to make certain of this, take with you these three skeins of flax, and give it to them to spin. Whoever spins the best will be my favourite daughter-in-law.’ Now the two eldest sons had already chosen their wives; so they took the flax from their mother, and carried it off with them, to have it spun as she had said. But the youngest son was puzzled what to do with his skein, as he knew no girl (never having spoken to any) to whom he could give it to be spun. He wandered hither and thither, asking the girls that he met if they would undertake the task for him, but at the sight of the flax they laughed in his face and mocked at him. Then in despair he left their villages, and went out into the country, and, seating himself on the bank of a pond began to cry bitterly. Suddenly there was a noise close beside him, and a frog jumped out of the water on to the bank and asked him why he was crying. The youth told her of his trouble, and how his brothers would bring home linen spun for them by their promised wives, but that no one would spin his thread. Then the frog answered: ‘Do not weep on that account; give me the thread, and I will spin it for you.’ And, having said this, she took it out of his hand, and flopped back into the water, and the youth went back, not knowing what would happen next. In a short time the two elder brothers came home, and their mother asked to see the linen which had been woven out of the skeins of flax she had given them. They all three left the room; and in a few minutes the two eldest returned, bringing with them the linen that had been spun by their chosen wives. But the youngest brother was greatly troubled, for he had nothing to show for the skein of flax that had been given to him. Sadly he betook himself to the pond, and sitting down on the bank, began to weep. Flop! and the frog appeared out of the water close beside him. ‘Take this,’ she said; ‘here is the linen that I have spun for you.’ You may imagine how delighted the youth was. She put the linen into his hands, and he took it straight back to his mother, who was so pleased with it that she declared she had never seen linen so beautifully spun, and that it was far finer and whiter than the webs that the two elder brothers had brought home. Then she turned to her sons and said: ‘But this is not enough, my sons, I must have another proof as to what sort of wives you have chosen. In the house there are three puppies. Each of you take one, and give it to the woman whom you mean to bring home as your wife. She must train it and bring it up. Whichever dog turns out the best, its mistress will be my favourite daughter-in-law.’ So the young men set out on their different ways, each taking a puppy with him. The youngest, not knowing where to go, returned to the pond, sat down once more on the bank, and began to weep. Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog. ‘Why are you weeping?’ she said. Then he told her his difficulty, and that he did not know to whom he should take the puppy. ‘Give it to me,’ she said, ‘and I will bring it up for you.’ And, seeing that the youth hesitated, she took the little creature out of his arms, and disappeared with it into the pond. The weeks and months passed, till one day the mother said she would like to see how the dogs had been trained by her future daughters-in-law. The two eldest sons departed, and returned shortly, leading with them two great mastiffs, who growled so fiercely, and looked so savage, that the mere sight of them made the mother tremble with fear. The youngest son, as was his custom, went to the pond, and called on the frog to come to his rescue. In a minute she was at his side, bringing with her the most lovely little dog, which she put into his arms. It sat up and begged with its paws, and went through the prettiest tricks, and was almost human in the way it understood and did what it was told. In high spirits the youth carried it off to his mother. As soon as she saw it, she exclaimed: ‘This is the most beautiful little dog I have ever seen. You are indeed fortunate, my son; you have won a pearl of a wife.’ Then, turning to the others, she said: ‘Here are three shirts; take them to your chosen wives. Whoever sews the best will be my favourite daughter-in-law.’ So the young men set out once more; and again, this time, the work of the frog was much the best and the neatest. This time the mother said: ‘Now that I am content with the tests I gave, I want you to go and fetch home your brides, and I will prepare the wedding-feast.’ You may imagine what the youngest brother felt on hearing these words. Whence was he to fetch a bride? Would the frog be able to help him in this new difficulty? With bowed head, and feeling very sad, he sat down on the edge of the pond. Flop! and once more the faithful frog was beside him. ‘What is troubling you so much?’ she asked him, and then the youth told her everything. ‘Will you take me for a wife?’ she asked. ‘What should I do with you as a wife,’ he replied, wondering at her strange proposal. ‘Once more, will you have me or will you not?’ she said. ‘I will neither have you, nor will I refuse you,’ said he. At this the frog disappeared; and the next minute the youth beheld a lovely little chariot, drawn by two tiny ponies, standing on the road. The frog was holding the carriage door open for him to step in. ‘Come with me,’ she said. And he got up and followed her into the chariot. As they drove along the road they met three witches; the first of them was blind, the second was hunchbacked, and the third had a large thorn in her throat. When the three witches beheld the chariot, with the frog seated pompously among the cushions, they broke into such fits of laughter that the eyelids of the blind one burst open, and she recovered her sight; the hunchback rolled about on the ground in merriment till her back became straight, and in a roar of laughter the thorn fell out of the throat of the third witch. Their first thought was to reward the frog, who had unconsciously been the means of curing them of their misfortunes. The first witch waved her magic wand over the frog, and changed her into the loveliest girl that had ever been seen. The second witch waved the wand over the tiny chariot and ponies, and they were turned into a beautiful large carriage with prancing horses, and a coachman on the seat. The third witch gave the girl a magic purse, filled with money. Having done this, the witches disappeared, and the youth with his lovely bride drove to his mother’s home. Great was the delight of the mother at her youngest son’s good fortune. A beautiful house was built for them; she was the favourite daughter-in-law; everything went well with them, and they lived happily ever after. (From the Italian.)
Moral of the Story
True worth and beauty are not always apparent on the surface, and kindness to the unassuming can lead to great rewards.
Characters
The Youngest Son ★ protagonist
No specific details given, but likely a healthy young peasant man.
Attire: Simple peasant clothing, such as a tunic, breeches, and perhaps a simple vest, all made of coarse cloth.
Kind, initially passive, ultimately accepting and fortunate.
The Frog ◆ supporting
Initially a normal frog, later a beautiful young woman.
Attire: As a frog, has no clothing. As a woman, wears fine gowns befitting her transformed status.
Helpful, resourceful, patient, and ultimately rewarding.
The Mother ◆ supporting
No specific details given, but likely a strong, capable woman.
Attire: Practical clothing suitable for a peasant woman, such as a long dress, apron, and shawl.
Demanding, discerning, ultimately kind and accepting.
The First Witch ○ minor
Was blind, but regained her sight.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
The Second Witch ○ minor
Was hunchbacked, but her back became straight.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
The Third Witch ○ minor
Had a thorn in her throat, but it fell out.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
Locations

Peasant's Home
A comfortable home on fruitful land, implying a sense of warmth and prosperity.
Mood: Comfortable, secure, and traditional.
The mother sets tasks to test the future daughters-in-law; the sons return with their results.

Pond Bank
A grassy bank beside a pond, a place of solitude and despair for the youngest son.
Mood: Initially desolate and sorrowful, later hopeful and magical.
The youngest son encounters the frog and receives her help.

Road with Witches
A road where the frog-bride and the youth encounter three witches, leading to a magical transformation.
Mood: Magical, transformative, and fortunate.
The frog is transformed into a beautiful girl, and the chariot into a grand carriage.
Story DNA
Moral
True worth and beauty are not always apparent on the surface, and kindness to the unassuming can lead to great rewards.
Plot Summary
A mother gives her three sons tests to find good wives. The youngest son, having no one, is repeatedly helped by a talking frog who performs all tasks (spinning, training a puppy, sewing) with exceptional skill. When the mother demands brides, the frog asks the youngest son to marry her. On their journey, they encounter three witches who, cured by the frog's presence, transform her into a beautiful woman and their humble chariot into a grand one. The youngest son returns home with his stunning bride, who is welcomed as the favorite, and they live happily ever after.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Andrew Lang's collections compiled folk tales from various European traditions, often simplifying or adapting them for a Victorian English audience. The 'frog prince' motif is common across many cultures.
Plot Beats (13)
- A mother tells her three sons to find wives and gives them each a skein of flax to be spun as a test.
- The two elder sons have wives to spin their flax, but the youngest has no one and cries by a pond.
- A frog emerges from the pond, offers to spin the youngest son's flax, and produces exceptionally fine linen.
- The mother gives a second test: each son must take a puppy for their chosen wife to train.
- The youngest son, again without a wife, gives his puppy to the frog, who trains it into a charming, intelligent dog.
- The mother gives a third test: each son must take a shirt for their chosen wife to sew, and the frog's work is again superior.
- The mother declares herself content and instructs her sons to bring home their brides.
- The youngest son, distraught, returns to the pond, and the frog asks if he will take her as his wife.
- The youngest son reluctantly agrees to travel with the frog in a tiny chariot she conjures.
- They encounter three witches (blind, hunchbacked, with a thorn in her throat) who are cured by their laughter at the frog's appearance.
- The grateful witches use magic to transform the frog into a beautiful woman, the chariot into a grand carriage, and provide a magic purse.
- The youngest son returns home with his transformed, beautiful, and wealthy bride.
- The mother is delighted, the new bride is the favorite, and they live happily ever after.





