The Frog
by Andrew Lang · from The Violet Fairy Book
Original Story
THE FROG
Once upon a time there was a woman who had three sons. Though they
were peasants they were well off, for the soil on which they lived was
fruitful, and yielded rich crops. One day they all three told their
mother they meant to get married. To which their mother replied: ‘Do
as you like, but see that you choose good housewives, who will look
carefully after your affairs; and, to make certain of this, take with
you these three skeins of flax, and give it to them to spin. Whoever
spins the best will be my favourite daughter-in-law.’
Now the two eldest sons had already chosen their wives; so they took the
flax from their mother, and carried it off with them, to have it spun
as she had said. But the youngest son was puzzled what to do with his
skein, as he knew no girl (never having spoken to any) to whom he could
give it to be spun. He wandered hither and thither, asking the girls
that he met if they would undertake the task for him, but at the sight
of the flax they laughed in his face and mocked at him. Then in despair
he left their villages, and went out into the country, and, seating
himself on the bank of a pond began to cry bitterly.
Suddenly there was a noise close beside him, and a frog jumped out of
the water on to the bank and asked him why he was crying. The youth told
her of his trouble, and how his brothers would bring home linen spun for
them by their promised wives, but that no one would spin his thread.
Then the frog answered: ‘Do not weep on that account; give me the
thread, and I will spin it for you.’ And, having said this, she took
it out of his hand, and flopped back into the water, and the youth went
back, not knowing what would happen next.
In a short time the two elder brothers came home, and their mother asked
to see the linen which had been woven out of the skeins of flax she had
given them. They all three left the room; and in a few minutes the two
eldest returned, bringing with them the linen that had been spun by
their chosen wives. But the youngest brother was greatly troubled, for
he had nothing to show for the skein of flax that had been given to him.
Sadly he betook himself to the pond, and sitting down on the bank, began
to weep.
Flop! and the frog appeared out of the water close beside him.
‘Take this,’ she said; ‘here is the linen that I have spun for you.’
You may imagine how delighted the youth was. She put the linen into his
hands, and he took it straight back to his mother, who was so pleased
with it that she declared she had never seen linen so beautifully spun,
and that it was far finer and whiter than the webs that the two elder
brothers had brought home.
Then she turned to her sons and said: ‘But this is not enough, my sons,
I must have another proof as to what sort of wives you have chosen. In
the house there are three puppies. Each of you take one, and give it to
the woman whom you mean to bring home as your wife. She must train it
and bring it up. Whichever dog turns out the best, its mistress will be
my favourite daughter-in-law.’
So the young men set out on their different ways, each taking a puppy
with him. The youngest, not knowing where to go, returned to the pond,
sat down once more on the bank, and began to weep.
Flop! and close beside him, he saw the frog. ‘Why are you weeping?’ she
said. Then he told her his difficulty, and that he did not know to whom
he should take the puppy.
‘Give it to me,’ she said, ‘and I will bring it up for you.’ And, seeing
that the youth hesitated, she took the little creature out of his arms,
and disappeared with it into the pond.
The weeks and months passed, till one day the mother said she would like
to see how the dogs had been trained by her future daughters-in-law. The
two eldest sons departed, and returned shortly, leading with them two
great mastiffs, who growled so fiercely, and looked so savage, that the
mere sight of them made the mother tremble with fear.
The youngest son, as was his custom, went to the pond, and called on the
frog to come to his rescue.
In a minute she was at his side, bringing with her the most lovely
little dog, which she put into his arms. It sat up and begged with its
paws, and went through the prettiest tricks, and was almost human in the
way it understood and did what it was told.
In high spirits the youth carried it off to his mother. As soon as she
saw it, she exclaimed: ‘This is the most beautiful little dog I have
ever seen. You are indeed fortunate, my son; you have won a pearl of a
wife.’
Then, turning to the others, she said: ‘Here are three shirts; take
them to your chosen wives. Whoever sews the best will be my favourite
daughter-in-law.’
So the young men set out once more; and again, this time, the work of
the frog was much the best and the neatest.
This time the mother said: ‘Now that I am content with the tests I gave,
I want you to go and fetch home your brides, and I will prepare the
wedding-feast.’
You may imagine what the youngest brother felt on hearing these words.
Whence was he to fetch a bride? Would the frog be able to help him in
this new difficulty? With bowed head, and feeling very sad, he sat down
on the edge of the pond.
Flop! and once more the faithful frog was beside him.
‘What is troubling you so much?’ she asked him, and then the youth told
her everything.
‘Will you take me for a wife?’ she asked.
‘What should I do with you as a wife,’ he replied, wondering at her
strange proposal.
‘Once more, will you have me or will you not?’ she said.
‘I will neither have you, nor will I refuse you,’ said he.
At this the frog disappeared; and the next minute the youth beheld a
lovely little chariot, drawn by two tiny ponies, standing on the road.
The frog was holding the carriage door open for him to step in.
‘Come with me,’ she said. And he got up and followed her into the
chariot.
As they drove along the road they met three witches; the first of them
was blind, the second was hunchbacked, and the third had a large thorn
in her throat. When the three witches beheld the chariot, with the
frog seated pompously among the cushions, they broke into such fits of
laughter that the eyelids of the blind one burst open, and she recovered
her sight; the hunchback rolled about on the ground in merriment till
her back became straight, and in a roar of laughter the thorn fell out
of the throat of the third witch. Their first thought was to reward
the frog, who had unconsciously been the means of curing them of their
misfortunes.
The first witch waved her magic wand over the frog, and changed her into
the loveliest girl that had ever been seen. The second witch waved
the wand over the tiny chariot and ponies, and they were turned into
a beautiful large carriage with prancing horses, and a coachman on the
seat. The third witch gave the girl a magic purse, filled with money.
Having done this, the witches disappeared, and the youth with his lovely
bride drove to his mother’s home. Great was the delight of the mother at
her youngest son’s good fortune. A beautiful house was built for them;
she was the favourite daughter-in-law; everything went well with them,
and they lived happily ever after.
(From the Italian.)
Story DNA
Moral
True worth and beauty are not always apparent on the surface, and kindness to the unassuming can lead to great rewards.
Plot Summary
A mother gives her three sons tests to find good wives. The youngest son, having no one, is repeatedly helped by a talking frog who performs all tasks (spinning, training a puppy, sewing) with exceptional skill. When the mother demands brides, the frog asks the youngest son to marry her. On their journey, they encounter three witches who, cured by the frog's presence, transform her into a beautiful woman and their humble chariot into a grand one. The youngest son returns home with his stunning bride, who is welcomed as the favorite, and they live happily ever after.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Andrew Lang's collections compiled folk tales from various European traditions, often simplifying or adapting them for a Victorian English audience. The 'frog prince' motif is common across many cultures.
Plot Beats (13)
- A mother tells her three sons to find wives and gives them each a skein of flax to be spun as a test.
- The two elder sons have wives to spin their flax, but the youngest has no one and cries by a pond.
- A frog emerges from the pond, offers to spin the youngest son's flax, and produces exceptionally fine linen.
- The mother gives a second test: each son must take a puppy for their chosen wife to train.
- The youngest son, again without a wife, gives his puppy to the frog, who trains it into a charming, intelligent dog.
- The mother gives a third test: each son must take a shirt for their chosen wife to sew, and the frog's work is again superior.
- The mother declares herself content and instructs her sons to bring home their brides.
- The youngest son, distraught, returns to the pond, and the frog asks if he will take her as his wife.
- The youngest son reluctantly agrees to travel with the frog in a tiny chariot she conjures.
- They encounter three witches (blind, hunchbacked, with a thorn in her throat) who are cured by their laughter at the frog's appearance.
- The grateful witches use magic to transform the frog into a beautiful woman, the chariot into a grand carriage, and provide a magic purse.
- The youngest son returns home with his transformed, beautiful, and wealthy bride.
- The mother is delighted, the new bride is the favorite, and they live happily ever after.
Characters
The Youngest Son
No specific details given, but likely a healthy young peasant man.
Attire: Simple peasant clothing, such as a tunic, breeches, and perhaps a simple vest, all made of coarse cloth.
Kind, initially passive, ultimately accepting and fortunate.
The Frog
Initially a normal frog, later a beautiful young woman.
Attire: As a frog, has no clothing. As a woman, wears fine gowns befitting her transformed status.
Helpful, resourceful, patient, and ultimately rewarding.
The Mother
No specific details given, but likely a strong, capable woman.
Attire: Practical clothing suitable for a peasant woman, such as a long dress, apron, and shawl.
Demanding, discerning, ultimately kind and accepting.
The First Witch
Was blind, but regained her sight.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
The Second Witch
Was hunchbacked, but her back became straight.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
The Third Witch
Had a thorn in her throat, but it fell out.
Attire: Traditional witch attire, such as a long, dark robe and pointed hat.
Grateful, magical, and benevolent.
Locations
Peasant's Home
A comfortable home on fruitful land, implying a sense of warmth and prosperity.
Mood: Comfortable, secure, and traditional.
The mother sets tasks to test the future daughters-in-law; the sons return with their results.
Pond Bank
A grassy bank beside a pond, a place of solitude and despair for the youngest son.
Mood: Initially desolate and sorrowful, later hopeful and magical.
The youngest son encounters the frog and receives her help.
Road with Witches
A road where the frog-bride and the youth encounter three witches, leading to a magical transformation.
Mood: Magical, transformative, and fortunate.
The frog is transformed into a beautiful girl, and the chariot into a grand carriage.