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How to tell a true princess

by Andrew Lang

How to tell a true princess

The Princess and the Pea

CEFR A1 Age 5 319 words 2 min Canon 100/100

Once upon a time, a prince wanted a true princess. He looked and looked for her. He traveled many places to find her. But he could not find one. This made him feel very sad. He lost all his hope. He thought no true princess existed at all.

One rainy night, someone knocked on the door. It was a dark and stormy night. The wind blew very hard outside. The King went to open the door. A girl stood there in the rain. She was very, very wet. "I am a princess," she said softly.

The Queen wanted to check if this was true. She had a good and clever idea. She wanted to test the girl. She thought of a very smart plan. She got a tiny, tiny pea. She put the pea on the bed. She put lots of mattresses on top of it. She put lots of soft quilts on top. The bed grew very, very tall.

The princess went to sleep in the tall bed. She lay down in the soft bed. It looked very cozy and warm. She tried to sleep all night.

In the morning, they asked her a question. "How did you sleep?" they asked her. "Oh, I slept so badly!" said the princess. "I am so very tired today." "Something hard was in the bed." "I feel hurt all over my body." "I could not rest well at all."

You see? She felt the tiny pea! She felt it through all the mattresses. She felt it through all the soft quilts. Only a true princess could feel that. So, she was a true princess!

The prince was very, very happy. He married the princess right away. They had a happy wedding celebration. Everyone celebrated with them. The pea was kept safe. They saved it to remember the story.

Her sensitivity proved she was a true princess. Inside matters more than outside.

Original Story 393 words · 2 min read

_HOW TO TELL A TRUE PRINCESS_ There was once upon a time a Prince who wanted to marry a Princess, but she must be a true Princess. So he travelled through the whole world to find one, but there was always something against each. There were plenty of Princesses, but he could not find out if they were true Princesses. In every case there was some little defect, which showed the genuine article was not yet found. So he came home again in very low spirits, for he had wanted very much to have a true Princess. One night there was a dreadful storm; it thundered and lightened and the rain streamed down in torrents. It was fearful! There was a knocking heard at the Palace gate, and the old King went to open it. There stood a Princess outside the gate; but oh, in what a sad plight she was from the rain and the storm! The water was running down from her hair and her dress into the points of her shoes and out at the heels again. And yet she said she was a true Princess! ‘Well, we shall soon find that!’ thought the old Queen. But she said nothing, and went into the sleeping-room, took off all the bed-clothes, and laid a pea on the bottom of the bed. Then she put twenty mattresses on top of the pea, and twenty eider-down quilts on the top of the mattresses. And this was the bed in which the Princess was to sleep. The next morning she was asked how she had slept. ‘Oh, very badly!’ said the Princess. ‘I scarcely closed my eyes all night! I am sure I don’t know what was in the bed. I laid on something so hard that my whole body is black and blue. It is dreadful!’ Now they perceived that she was a true Princess, because she had felt the pea through the twenty mattresses and the twenty eider-down quilts. No one but a true Princess could be so sensitive. So the Prince married her, for now he knew that at last he had got hold of a true Princess. And the pea was put into the Royal Museum, where it is still to be seen if no one has stolen it. Now this is a true story. [Illustration: A True Princess]

Moral of the Story

True nobility or authenticity is revealed not by outward appearance, but by innate, often subtle, qualities.


Characters 4 characters

The Prince ★ protagonist

human young adult male

Not described, but assumed to be handsome and of noble bearing

Attire: Fine princely attire, including velvet jackets, breeches, and buckled shoes

Determined, discerning, somewhat naive

The Princess ★ protagonist

human young adult female

Initially disheveled from the storm, but inherently delicate

Attire: Soaked and muddied gown, likely silk or fine linen, ruined by the storm

Sensitive, refined, truthful

The Old Queen ◆ supporting

human elderly female

Wise and observant, with a regal bearing

Attire: Stately queenly robes, perhaps with a crown or diadem

Intelligent, cunning, practical

The Old King ◆ supporting

human elderly male

Not described, but assumed to be stately and welcoming

Attire: Royal attire, including a crown and robes

Hospitable, trusting

Locations 3 locations
Palace Gate

Palace Gate

transitional night stormy

A grand entrance to the palace, exposed to the elements. Rain streams down during a fierce storm.

Mood: ominous, unwelcoming

The bedraggled princess arrives seeking shelter.

heavy wooden gatestone archwaytorrential rainlightning flashes
Sleeping-room

Sleeping-room

indoor night

A royal bedroom, prepared with elaborate bedding: a pea, twenty mattresses, and twenty eider-down quilts.

Mood: deceptive, testing

The Queen devises a test to determine the princess's authenticity.

high bedstack of mattresseseider-down quiltsa single pea
Royal Museum

Royal Museum

indoor

A place to display important artifacts, now housing a single pea.

Mood: historical, curious

The pea becomes a historical artifact, a testament to the princess's sensitivity.

glass display casevelvet cushionthe peaother royal artifacts

Story DNA fairy tale · whimsical

Moral

True nobility or authenticity is revealed not by outward appearance, but by innate, often subtle, qualities.

Plot Summary

A Prince travels the world seeking a 'true Princess' but finds none to his satisfaction. One stormy night, a bedraggled Princess arrives at the palace, claiming to be genuine. The Queen devises a test, placing a pea under twenty mattresses and twenty eider-down quilts. The next morning, the Princess complains of a terrible, sleepless night, having felt the pea through all the bedding. This extreme sensitivity proves her true royal nature, leading to her marriage to the Prince.

Themes

authenticitysensitivityperceptionsocial status

Emotional Arc

disappointment to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: rule of three, direct address to reader

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs. society
Ending: happy
Magic: the extraordinary sensitivity of a true princess
the peathe stack of mattresses and quilts

Cultural Context

Origin: Danish
Era: timeless fairy tale

Originally published by Hans Christian Andersen in 1835, it reflects 19th-century European societal views on aristocracy and inherent 'quality'.

Plot Beats (11)

  1. A Prince desires to marry a true Princess but cannot find one despite extensive travel.
  2. He returns home disheartened, believing no true Princess exists.
  3. During a severe storm, a bedraggled Princess arrives at the palace, claiming her royal status.
  4. The Queen, skeptical but curious, decides to test the Princess's claim.
  5. The Queen places a small pea under a stack of twenty mattresses and twenty eider-down quilts.
  6. The Princess is given this elaborate bed for the night.
  7. The next morning, the Princess complains bitterly about a terrible night's sleep, feeling bruised and battered.
  8. She attributes her discomfort to something hard in the bed, despite the layers.
  9. The royal family recognizes this extreme sensitivity as proof of her true Princess status.
  10. The Prince marries her, having finally found his true Princess.
  11. The pea is placed in a museum as a testament to the event.

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