The Dragon and His Grandmother
by Andrew Lang · from The Yellow Fairy Book
Original Story
THE DRAGON AND HIS GRANDMOTHER
There was once a great war, and the King had a great many soldiers,
but he gave them so little pay that they could not live upon it. Then
three of them took counsel together and determined to desert.
One of them said to the others, ‘If we are caught, we shall be hanged
on the gallows; how shall we set about it?’ The other said, ‘Do you
see that large cornfield there? If we were to hide ourselves in that,
no one could find us. The army cannot come into it, and to-morrow it
is to march on.’
They crept into the corn, but the army did not march on, but remained
encamped close around them. They sat for two days and two nights in
the corn, and grew so hungry that they nearly died; but if they were
to venture out, it was certain death.
They said at last, ‘What use was it our deserting? We must perish here
miserably.’
Whilst they were speaking a fiery dragon came flying through the air.
It hovered near them, and asked why they were hidden there. They
answered, ‘We are three soldiers, and have deserted because our pay
was so small. Now if we remain here we shall die of hunger, and if we
move out we shall be strung up on the gallows.’ ‘If you will serve me
for seven years,’ said the dragon, I will lead you through the midst
of the army so that no one shall catch you.’ ‘We have no choice, and
must take your offer,’ said they. Then the dragon seized them in his
claws, took them through the air over the army, and set them down on
the earth a long way from it.
He gave them a little whip, saying, ‘Whip and slash with this, and as
much money as you want will jump up before you. You can then live as
great lords, keep horses, and drive about in carriages. But after
seven years you are mine.’ Then he put a book before them, which he
made all three of them sign. ‘I will then give you a riddle,’ he said;
‘if you guess it, you shall be free and out of my power.’ The dragon
then flew away, and they journeyed on with their little whip. They had
as much money as they wanted, wore grand clothes, and made their way
into the world. Wherever they went they lived in merrymaking and
splendour, drove about with horses and carriages, ate and drank, but
did nothing wrong.
[Illustration: The Dragon carries off the three soldiers]
The time passed quickly away, and when the seven years were nearly
ended two of them grew terribly anxious and frightened, but the third
made light of it, saying, ‘Don’t be afraid, brothers, I wasn’t born
yesterday; I will guess the riddle.’
They went into a field, sat down, and the two pulled long faces. An
old woman passed by, and asked them why they were so sad. ‘Alas! what
have you to do with it? You cannot help us.’ ‘Who knows?’ she
answered. ‘Only confide your trouble in me.’
Then they told her that they had become the servants of the Dragon for
seven long years, and how he had given them money as plentifully as
blackberries; but as they had signed their names they were his, unless
when the seven years had passed they could guess a riddle. The old
woman said, ‘If you would help yourselves, one of you must go into the
wood, and there he will come upon a tumble-down building of rocks
which looks like a little house. He must go in, and there he will find
help.’
The two melancholy ones thought, ‘That won’t save us!’ and they
remained where they were. But the third and merry one jumped up and
went into the wood till he found the rock hut. In the hut sat a very
old woman, who was the Dragon’s grandmother. She asked him how he
came, and what was his business there. He told her all that happened,
and because she was pleased with him she took compassion on him, and
said she would help him.
She lifted up a large stone which lay over the cellar, saying, ‘Hide
yourself there; you can hear all that is spoken in this room. Only sit
still and don’t stir. When the Dragon comes, I will ask him what the
riddle is, for he tells me everything; then listen carefully what he
answers.’
At midnight the Dragon flew in, and asked for his supper. His
grandmother laid the table, and brought out food and drink till he was
satisfied, and they ate and drank together. Then in the course of the
conversation she asked him what he had done in the day, and how many
souls he had conquered.
‘I haven’t had much luck to-day,’ he said, ‘but I have a tight hold on
three soldiers.’
‘Indeed! three soldiers!’ said she. ‘Who cannot escape you?’
‘They are mine,’ answered the Dragon scornfully, ‘for I shall only
give them one riddle which they will never be able to guess.’
‘What sort of a riddle is it?’ she asked.
‘I will tell you this. In the North Sea lies a dead sea-cat—that
shall be their roast meat; and the rib of a whale—that shall be their
silver spoon; and the hollow foot of a dead horse—that shall be their
wineglass.’
When the Dragon had gone to bed, his old grandmother pulled up the
stone and let out the soldier.
‘Did you pay attention to everything?’
‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘I know enough, and can help myself splendidly.’
Then he went by another way through the window secretly, and in all
haste back to his comrades. He told them how the Dragon had been
outwitted by his grandmother, and how he had heard from his own lips
the answer to the riddle.
Then they were all delighted and in high spirits, took out their whip,
and cracked so much money that it came jumping up from the ground.
When the seven years had quite gone, the Fiend came with his book,
and, pointing at the signatures, said, ‘I will take you underground
with me; you shall have a meal there. If you can tell me what you will
get for your roast meat, you shall be free, and shall also keep the
whip.’
Then said the first soldier, ‘In the North Sea lies a dead sea-cat;
that shall be the roast meat.’
The Dragon was much annoyed, and hummed and hawed a good deal, and
asked the second, ‘But what shall be your spoon?’
‘The rib of a whale shall be our silver spoon.’
The Dragon made a face, and growled again three times, ‘Hum, hum,
hum,’ and said to the third, ‘Do you know what your wineglass shall
be?’
‘An old horse’s hoof shall be our wineglass.’
Then the Dragon flew away with a loud shriek, and had no more power
over them. But the three soldiers took the little whip, whipped as
much money as they wanted, and lived happily to their lives’ end.
[Illustration: The Fiend defeated]
Story DNA
Moral
Even in dire circumstances, cleverness and courage can overcome seemingly insurmountable odds.
Plot Summary
Three underpaid soldiers desert their army and, facing starvation, make a seven-year pact with a fiery dragon for wealth, with freedom contingent on solving a riddle. They live lavishly with a magic money-generating whip, but as the term ends, only one soldier is clever enough to seek help. He finds the Dragon's grandmother, who, taking pity on him, tricks her grandson into revealing the riddle's answer. Armed with this knowledge, the soldiers correctly answer the Dragon's challenge, defeating him and living happily ever after with their magical wealth.
Themes
Emotional Arc
despair to relief to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Reflects common folk tale motifs of deals with supernatural entities and the triumph of wit over brute force or magical power. The dragon here functions much like a devil figure in other European folklore.
Plot Beats (15)
- Three underpaid soldiers desert the army and hide in a cornfield, facing starvation or execution.
- A fiery dragon offers them a deal: seven years of service for wealth and safety, with an escape riddle.
- The soldiers agree, sign a book, and receive a magic whip that grants them unlimited money.
- They live lavishly for seven years, enjoying their newfound wealth.
- As the seven years conclude, two soldiers are terrified, but the third is confident he can solve the riddle.
- An old woman advises the optimistic soldier to seek help in a rock hut in the woods.
- The soldier finds the Dragon's grandmother in the hut and explains his predicament.
- The grandmother, taking pity on him, hides him in her cellar.
- The Dragon arrives, eats supper, and boasts to his grandmother about his hold on the soldiers.
- The grandmother cunningly asks the Dragon for the riddle's answer, which he reveals.
- The soldier emerges from hiding, having heard the answer, and rushes back to his comrades.
- The Dragon appears to claim the soldiers, presenting the riddle.
- The soldiers, guided by the clever one, correctly answer each part of the riddle.
- The Dragon, defeated, shrieks and flies away, losing his power.
- The three soldiers continue to live happily and wealthy using their magic whip.
Characters
Dragon
Fiery, has claws
Cunning, arrogant, easily tricked
Soldier 1
No specific details given
Attire: Simple soldier's uniform, worn and patched
Anxious, fearful
Soldier 2
No specific details given
Attire: Simple soldier's uniform, worn and patched
Anxious, fearful
Soldier 3
No specific details given
Attire: Simple soldier's uniform, worn and patched
Clever, brave, optimistic
Dragon's Grandmother
Very old, lives in a rock hut
Attire: Simple, dark-colored peasant dress
Helpful, compassionate, cunning
Locations
Large Cornfield
A dense field of corn, tall enough to conceal three soldiers.
Mood: Initially a refuge, then becomes a trap; tense and claustrophobic.
The soldiers hide from the army and are discovered by the dragon.
Dragon's Grandmother's Hut
A tumble-down building of rocks, resembling a small house, with a cellar hidden under a large stone.
Mood: Secretive, helpful, and a little eerie.
The soldier overhears the dragon revealing the riddle's answer.
Field
A nondescript field where the soldiers sit and worry.
Mood: Melancholy and anxious.
The soldiers meet the old woman who directs them to the dragon's grandmother.