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The glass mountain

by Andrew Lang

The glass mountain

The Glass Mountain Adventure

CEFR A1 Age 5 328 words 2 min Canon 100/100

Long ago, there was a tall, shiny mountain. It was very, very tall. It was shiny like glass. Many knights tried to climb it. They all fell down. They could not get to the top.

A Knight in gold armor tried. He was very strong. He almost reached the top. A big Eagle flew down. It scared his horse. The horse fell down. The Knight was not hurt. He went home safely.

After many years, a Boy came. He was brave and kind. He wanted to climb the mountain. He wanted to meet the Princess.

The Boy looked for a way. He found some sharp claws. They were strong and hard. He tied them to his hands. He tied them to his feet. Now he could climb the mountain.

The Boy started to climb. It was very hard. The mountain was very smooth. He got very tired. He got a little scared. It was getting dark. He held on very tight.

The Boy was so tired. He fell asleep. He did not fall. The claws held him safe.

The big Eagle saw the Boy. It was curious. It flew down to see him. The Boy woke up. He was not scared. He held onto the Eagle's feet. He held on gently.

The Eagle flew up high. It flew around the castle. The Boy saw the Princess. She sat on a balcony. She was reading a book.

The Eagle let go. The Boy fell. He landed on a soft apple tree. He was safe and sound.

The Boy ate a golden apple. It was sweet. He felt all better. He picked some apples. He went into the castle.

Inside, he met a friendly dragon. The dragon was small. The Boy shared an apple. The dragon smiled. The Princess came to him.

"You are my hero," she said. "You are my friend," she said. The Boy and the Princess smiled. They were happy together. The mountain was a happy place.

Original Story 1248 words · 6 min read

the Glass Mountain. A heap of corpses both of riders and horses lay round the mountain, and many dying men lay groaning there unable to go any farther with their wounded limbs. The whole neighbourhood had the appearance of a vast churchyard. In three more days the seven years would be at an end, when a knight in golden armour and mounted on a spirited steed was seen making his way towards the fatal hill. [Footnote 16: From the Polish. Kletke.] Sticking his spurs into his horse he made a rush at the mountain, and got up half-way, then he calmly turned his horse’s head and came down again without a slip or stumble. The following day he started in the same way; the horse trod on the glass as if it had been level earth, and sparks of fire flew from its hoofs. All the other knights gazed in astonishment, for he had almost gained the summit, and in another moment he would have reached the apple-tree; but of a sudden a huge eagle rose up and spread its mighty wings, hitting as it did so the knight’s horse in the eye. The beast shied, opened its wide nostrils and tossed its mane, then rearing high up in the air, its hind feet slipped and it fell with its rider down the steep mountain side. Nothing was left of either of them except their bones, which rattled in the battered golden armour like dry peas in a pod. And now there was only one more day before the close of the seven years. Then there arrived on the scene a mere schoolboy—a merry, happy-hearted youth, but at the same time strong and well-grown. He saw how many knights had broken their necks in vain, but undaunted he approached the steep mountain on foot and began the ascent. For long he had heard his parents speak of the beautiful Princess who sat in the golden castle at the top of the Glass Mountain. He listened to all he heard, and determined that he too would try his luck. But first he went to the forest and caught a lynx, and cutting off the creature’s sharp claws, he fastened them on to his own hands and feet. Armed with these weapons he boldly started up the Glass Mountain. The sun was nearly going down, and the youth had not got more than half-way up. He could hardly draw breath he was so worn out, and his mouth was parched by thirst. A huge black cloud passed over his head, but in vain did he beg and beseech her to let a drop of water fall on him. He opened his mouth, but the black cloud sailed past and not as much as a drop of dew moistened his dry lips. His feet were torn and bleeding, and he could only hold on now with his hands. Evening closed in, and he strained his eyes to see if he could behold the top of the mountain. Then he gazed beneath him, and what a sight met his eyes! A yawning abyss, with certain and terrible death at the bottom, reeking with half-decayed bodies of horses and riders! And this had been the end of all the other brave men who like himself had attempted the ascent. [Illustration: The boy attacked by the eagle on the Glass Mountain] It was almost pitch dark now, and only the stars lit up the Glass Mountain. The poor boy still clung on as if glued to the glass by his blood-stained hands. He made no struggle to get higher, for all his strength had left him, and seeing no hope he calmly awaited death. Then all of a sudden he fell into a deep sleep, and forgetful of his dangerous position, he slumbered sweetly. But all the same, although he slept, he had stuck his sharp claws so firmly into the glass that he was quite safe not to fall. Now the golden apple-tree was guarded by the eagle which had overthrown the golden knight and his horse. Every night it flew round the Glass Mountain keeping a careful look-out, and no sooner had the moon emerged from the clouds than the bird rose up from the apple-tree, and circling round in the air, caught sight of the sleeping youth. Greedy for carrion, and sure that this must be a fresh corpse, the bird swooped down upon the boy. But he was awake now, and perceiving the eagle, he determined by its help to save himself. The eagle dug its sharp claws into the tender flesh of the youth, but he bore the pain without a sound, and seized the bird’s two feet with his hands. The creature in terror lifted him high up into the air and began to circle round the tower of the castle. The youth held on bravely. He saw the glittering palace, which by the pale rays of the moon looked like a dim lamp; and he saw the high windows, and round one of them a balcony in which the beautiful Princess sat lost in sad thoughts. Then the boy saw that he was close to the apple-tree, and drawing a small knife from his belt, he cut off both the eagle’s feet. The bird rose up in the air in its agony and vanished into the clouds, and the youth fell on to the broad branches of the apple-tree. Then he drew out the claws of the eagle’s feet that had remained in his flesh, and put the peel of one of the golden apples on the wound, and in one moment it was healed and well again. He pulled several of the beautiful apples and put them in his pocket; then he entered the castle. The door was guarded by a great dragon, but as soon as he threw an apple at it, the beast vanished. At the same moment a gate opened, and the youth perceived a courtyard full of flowers and beautiful trees, and on a balcony sat the lovely enchanted Princess with her retinue. As soon as she saw the youth, she ran towards him and greeted him as her husband and master. She gave him all her treasures, and the youth became a rich and mighty ruler. But he never returned to the earth, for only the mighty eagle, who had been the guardian of the Princess and of the castle, could have carried on his wings the enormous treasure down to the world. But as the eagle had lost its feet it died, and its body was found in a wood on the Glass Mountain. * * * * * One day when the youth was strolling about in the palace garden with the Princess, his wife, he looked down over the edge of the Glass Mountain and saw to his astonishment a great number of people gathered there. He blew his silver whistle, and the swallow who acted as messenger in the golden castle flew past. ‘Fly down and ask what the matter is,’ he said to the little bird, who sped off like lightning and soon returned saying: ‘The blood of the eagle has restored all the people below to life. All those who have perished on this mountain are awakening up to-day, as it were from a sleep, and are mounting their horses, and the whole population are gazing on this unheard-of wonder with joy and amazement.’

Moral of the Story

Resourcefulness and courage, even in the face of overwhelming odds, can lead to unexpected triumph and reward.


Characters 4 characters

The Youth ★ protagonist

human young adult male

Strong and well-grown, but initially a 'mere schoolboy'. Becomes wounded and bloodied during the climb.

Attire: Simple, practical clothing suitable for a journey and forest, with a belt for carrying a knife.

Determined, brave, resourceful, calm under pressure.

The Princess ◆ supporting

human young adult female

Beautiful and enchanted.

Attire: Elegant gown befitting a princess in a golden castle, possibly with jewels and embroidery.

Sad, passive (awaiting rescue), grateful.

The Eagle ⚔ antagonist

magical creature adult non-human

Huge, mighty wings, sharp claws.

Territorial, aggressive, greedy.

The Golden Knight ○ minor

human adult male

Strong, athletic build implied by his attempt to climb the mountain.

Attire: Full golden armour, including helmet and shield.

Brave, determined (but ultimately unsuccessful).

Locations 5 locations
Base of the Glass Mountain

Base of the Glass Mountain

outdoor

A heap of corpses of riders and horses lay round the mountain, and many dying men lay groaning there. The whole neighbourhood had the appearance of a vast churchyard.

Mood: desolate, tragic

Many knights attempt and fail to climb the mountain, resulting in death.

corpsesbroken armordying menbones
Glass Mountain Slope

Glass Mountain Slope

transitional dusk

Steep, slippery glass surface leading to a yawning abyss below, reeking with half-decayed bodies of horses and riders.

Mood: dangerous, terrifying

The schoolboy struggles to climb, nearly falls, and eventually clings to the mountain in exhaustion.

sheer glassyawning abyssdecayed bodiesblood stains
Golden Apple Tree

Golden Apple Tree

outdoor night

A tree with golden apples near the top of the Glass Mountain, guarded by a large eagle.

Mood: magical, perilous

The schoolboy cuts off the eagle's feet and falls onto the tree, obtaining the golden apples.

golden appleslarge eaglebroad branchescastle nearby
Golden Castle Balcony

Golden Castle Balcony

transitional night

A balcony outside a high window of a glittering palace, where the Princess sits lost in sad thoughts.

Mood: enchanted, melancholic

The schoolboy sees the Princess and is greeted as her husband and master.

glittering palacehigh windowsbalconyPrincess
Palace Garden

Palace Garden

outdoor

A courtyard full of flowers and beautiful trees within the golden castle.

Mood: peaceful, luxurious

The youth, now a ruler, sees the resurrected people and learns of the eagle's blood's power.

flowersbeautiful treesview over the Glass Mountainsilver whistle

Story DNA fairy tale · hopeful

Moral

Resourcefulness and courage, even in the face of overwhelming odds, can lead to unexpected triumph and reward.

Plot Summary

For seven years, countless knights have perished attempting to scale the treacherous Glass Mountain to reach an enchanted Princess. With only one day left, a resourceful schoolboy, armed with lynx claws, begins the perilous ascent. After a desperate struggle, he falls asleep clinging to the mountain, only to be attacked by the guardian eagle. Seizing the opportunity, he grabs the eagle's feet, is carried to the top, cuts off the eagle's feet, and lands in the apple tree. He heals himself with a golden apple, defeats a dragon, and is welcomed by the Princess as her destined husband, while the eagle's blood miraculously revives all who died on the mountain.

Themes

perseveranceresourcefulnesscouragedestiny

Emotional Arc

desperation to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: rule of three (knights attempting), vivid imagery of struggle and reward

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs nature
Ending: happy
Magic: Glass Mountain, Golden Castle, Enchanted Princess, Talking swallow, Healing golden apples, Dragon guardian, Eagle's blood reviving the dead
The Glass Mountain (impossible challenge, barrier to destiny)Golden apples (reward, healing, power)The eagle (guardian, obstacle, means of ascent)Lynx claws (resourcefulness, adaptation)

Cultural Context

Origin: Polish
Era: timeless fairy tale

Andrew Lang collected this tale from a Polish source, indicating its roots in Eastern European oral traditions, where tales of enchanted mountains and heroic quests are prevalent.

Plot Beats (15)

  1. Knights repeatedly fail to climb the Glass Mountain to reach a Princess in a golden castle, resulting in many deaths.
  2. A knight in golden armor nearly reaches the top but is struck down by a huge eagle, dying.
  3. With one day left in the seven years, a young schoolboy arrives, determined to succeed.
  4. The boy prepares by catching a lynx and fashioning its claws onto his hands and feet.
  5. He begins the arduous climb, facing extreme thirst, exhaustion, and the terrifying abyss below.
  6. Exhausted and despairing, he falls asleep clinging to the mountain, held only by his makeshift claws.
  7. The eagle, guardian of the apple tree, spots the sleeping boy and swoops down, mistaking him for prey.
  8. The boy, now awake, seizes the eagle's feet as it attacks, enduring pain to hold on.
  9. The terrified eagle lifts him high into the air, circling the castle tower.
  10. The boy, seeing his chance, uses a knife to cut off the eagle's feet, falling onto the apple tree.
  11. He heals his wounds with a golden apple peel and gathers more apples.
  12. He enters the castle, defeats a dragon by throwing an apple, and is met by the Princess.
  13. The Princess greets him as her husband and master, making him a rich and mighty ruler.
  14. The boy sends a swallow to investigate a crowd below the mountain.
  15. The swallow reports that the eagle's blood has revived all the fallen knights and horses, who are now reawakening.

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