The Swineherd

by Andrew Lang · from The Yellow Fairy Book

fairy tale cautionary tale satirical Ages 8-14 1576 words 7 min read
Cover: The Swineherd
Original Story 1576 words · 7 min read

THE SWINEHERD

There was once a poor Prince. He possessed a kingdom which, though

small, was yet large enough for him to marry on, and married he wished

to be.

Now it was certainly a little audacious of him to venture to say to

the Emperor’s daughter, ‘Will you marry me?’ But he did venture to say

so, for his name was known far and wide. There were hundreds of

princesses who would gladly have said ‘Yes,’ but would she say the

same?

Well, we shall see.

On the grave of the Prince’s father grew a rose-tree, a very beautiful

rose-tree. It only bloomed every five years, and then bore but a

single rose, but oh, such a rose! Its scent was so sweet that when you

smelt it you forgot all your cares and troubles. And he had also a

nightingale which could sing as if all the beautiful melodies in the

world were shut up in its little throat. This rose and this

nightingale the Princess was to have, and so they were both put into

silver caskets and sent to her.

The Emperor had them brought to him in the great hall, where the

Princess was playing ‘Here comes a duke a-riding’ with her

ladies-in-waiting. And when she caught sight of the big caskets which

contained the presents, she clapped her hands for joy.

‘If only it were a little pussy-cat!’ she said. But the rose-tree with

the beautiful rose came out.

‘But how prettily it is made!’ said all the ladies-in-waiting.

‘It is more than pretty,’ said the Emperor, ‘it is charming!’

But the Princess felt it, and then she almost began to cry.

‘Ugh! Papa,’ she said, ‘it is not artificial, it is real!

‘Ugh!’ said all the ladies-in-waiting, ‘it is real!’

‘Let us see first what is in the other casket before we begin to be

angry,’ thought the Emperor, and there came out the nightingale. It

sang so beautifully that one could scarcely utter a cross word against

it.

Superbe! charmant!’ said the ladies-in-waiting, for they all

chattered French, each one worse than the other.

‘How much the bird reminds me of the musical snuff-box of the late

Empress!’ said an old courtier. ‘Ah, yes, it is the same tone, the

same execution!’

‘Yes,’ said the Emperor; and then he wept like a little child.

‘I hope that this, at least, is not real?’ asked the Princess.

‘Yes, it is a real bird,’ said those who had brought it.

‘Then let the bird fly away,’ said the Princess; and she would not on

any account allow the Prince to come.

But he was nothing daunted. He painted his face brown and black, drew

his cap well over his face, and knocked at the door. ‘Good-day,

Emperor,’ he said. ‘Can I get a place here as servant in the castle?’

‘Yes,’ said the Emperor, ‘but there are so many who ask for a place

that I don’t know whether there will be one for you; but, still, I

will think of you. Stay, it has just occurred to me that I want

someone to look after the swine, for I have so very many of them.’

And the Prince got the situation of Imperial Swineherd. He had a

wretched little room close to the pigsties; here he had to stay, but

the whole day he sat working, and when evening was come he had made a

pretty little pot. All round it were little bells, and when the pot

boiled they jingled most beautifully and played the old tune—

  ‘Where is Augustus dear?

   Alas! he’s not here, here, here!’

But the most wonderful thing was, that when one held one’s finger in

the steam of the pot, then at once one could smell what dinner was

ready in any fire-place in the town. That was indeed something quite

different from the rose.

Now the Princess came walking past with all her ladies-in-waiting, and

when she heard the tune she stood still and her face beamed with joy,

for she also could play ‘Where is Augustus dear?’

It was the only tune she knew, but that she could play with one

finger.

[Illustration: The Swineherd Takes the Ten Kisses]

‘Why, that is what I play!’ she said. ‘He must be a most accomplished

Swineherd! Listen! Go down and ask him what the instrument costs.’

And one of the ladies-in-waiting had to go down; but she put on wooden

clogs. ‘What will you take for the pot?’ asked the lady-in-waiting.

‘I will have ten kisses from the Princess,’ answered the Swineherd.

‘Heaven forbid!’ said the lady-in-waiting.

‘Yes, I will sell it for nothing less,’ replied the Swineherd.

‘Well, what does he say?’ asked the Princess.

‘I really hardly like to tell you,’ answered the lady-in-waiting.

‘Oh, then you can whisper it to me.’

‘He is disobliging!’ said the Princess, and went away. But she had

only gone a few steps when the bells rang out so prettily—

 ‘Where is Augustus dear?

  Alas! he’s not here, here, here.’

‘Listen!’ said the Princess. ‘Ask him whether he will take ten kisses

from my ladies-in-waiting.’

‘No, thank you,’ said the Swineherd. ‘Ten kisses from the Princess, or

else I keep my pot.’

‘That is very tiresome!’ said the Princess. ‘But you must put

yourselves in front of me, so that no one can see.’

And the ladies-in-waiting placed themselves in front and then spread

out their dresses; so the Swineherd got his ten kisses, and she got

the pot.

What happiness that was! The whole night and the whole day the pot was

made to boil; there was not a fire-place in the whole town where they

did not know what was being cooked, whether it was at the chancellor’s

or at the shoemaker’s.

The ladies-in-waiting danced and clapped their hands.

‘We know who is going to have soup and pancakes; we know who is going

to have porridge and sausages—isn’t it interesting?’

‘Yes, very interesting!’ said the first lady-in-waiting.

‘But don’t say anything about it, for I am the Emperor’s daughter.’

‘Oh, no, of course we won’t!’ said everyone.

The Swineherd—that is to say, the Prince (though they did not know he

was anything but a true Swineherd)—let no day pass without making

something, and one day he made a rattle which, when it was turned

round, played all the waltzes, galops, and polkas which had ever been

known since the world began.

‘But that is superbe!’ said the Princess as she passed by. ‘I have

never heard a more beautiful composition. Listen! Go down and ask him

what this instrument costs; but I won’t kiss him again.’

‘He wants a hundred kisses from the Princess,’ said the

lady-in-waiting who had gone down to ask him.

‘I believe he is mad!’ said the Princess, and then she went on; but

she had only gone a few steps when she stopped.

‘One ought to encourage art,’ she said. ‘I am the Emperor’s daughter!

Tell him he shall have, as before, ten kisses; the rest he can take

from my ladies-in-waiting.’

‘But we don’t at all like being kissed by him,’ said the

ladies-in-waiting.

‘That’s nonsense,’ said the Princess; ‘and if I can kiss him, you can

too. Besides, remember that I give you board and lodging.’

So the ladies-in-waiting had to go down to him again.

‘A hundred kisses from the Princess,’ said he, ‘or each keeps his

own.’

‘Put yourselves in front of us,’ she said then; and so all the

ladies-in-waiting put themselves in front, and he began to kiss the

Princess.

‘What can that commotion be by the pigsties?’ asked the Emperor, who

was standing on the balcony. He rubbed his eyes and put on his

spectacles. ‘Why those are the ladies-in-waiting playing their games;

I must go down to them.’

So he took off his shoes, which were shoes though he had trodden them

down into slippers. What a hurry he was in, to be sure!

As soon as he came into the yard he walked very softly, and the

ladies-in-waiting were so busy counting the kisses and seeing fair

play that they never noticed the Emperor. He stood on tip-toe.

‘What is that?’ he said, when he saw the kissing; and then he threw

one of his slippers at their heads just as the Swineherd was taking

his eighty-sixth kiss.

‘Be off with you!’ said the Emperor, for he was very angry. And the

Princess and the Swineherd were driven out of the empire.

Then she stood still and wept; the Swineherd was scolding, and the

rain was streaming down.

‘Alas, what an unhappy creature I am!’ sobbed the Princess. ‘If only I

had taken the beautiful Prince! Alas, how unfortunate I am!’

And the Swineherd went behind a tree, washed the black and brown off

his face, threw away his old clothes, and then stepped forward in his

splendid dress, looking so beautiful that the Princess was obliged to

courtesy.

‘I now come to this. I despise you!’ he said. ‘You would have nothing

to do with a noble Prince; you did not understand the rose or the

nightingale, but you could kiss the Swineherd for the sake of a toy.

This is what you get for it!’ And he went into his kingdom and shut

the door in her face, and she had to stay outside singing—

 ‘Where’s my Augustus dear?

  Alas! he’s not here, here, here!’

Story DNA

Moral

True worth and beauty lie not in artificiality or material possessions, but in genuine qualities and appreciation for nature, and superficiality leads to regret.

Plot Summary

A noble but poor Prince sends a vain Princess precious natural gifts, a magical rose and nightingale, which she rejects for being 'real.' He then disguises himself as a swineherd and creates magical toys—a pot that smells food and a rattle that plays all dances—which the Princess eagerly trades kisses for. The Emperor discovers her kissing the swineherd and banishes them both. The Prince then reveals his true identity, scolds the Princess for her superficiality, and abandons her, leaving her to regret her choices and the loss of true love.

Themes

vanity vs. true worthsuperficialitydisguise and revelationconsequences of choices

Emotional Arc

pride to humility

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: repetition (of song), irony, direct address to reader

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person (Prince vs. Princess's vanity), person vs self (Princess's internal struggle with superficiality)
Ending: moral justice
Magic: rose that blooms every five years with a unique scent, nightingale with extraordinary song, pot that plays music and smells food from afar, rattle that plays all dances
the real rose and nightingale (representing true beauty and nature)the magical pot and rattle (representing superficial, man-made allure)the swineherd's disguise (representing hidden worth)

Cultural Context

Origin: Danish
Era: timeless fairy tale

Hans Christian Andersen's tales often critiqued societal vanity and superficiality prevalent in 19th-century European aristocracy, though this particular version is by Andrew Lang.

Plot Beats (14)

  1. A poor Prince, despite his small kingdom, decides to propose to an Emperor's daughter.
  2. He sends her two precious, natural gifts: a magical rose that blooms rarely and a nightingale with a beautiful song.
  3. The Princess and her ladies-in-waiting express disgust for the real, natural gifts, preferring artificiality.
  4. The Prince, undeterred, disguises himself as a swineherd and gets a job in the Emperor's castle.
  5. He creates a magical pot that plays a tune and can smell what's cooking in any house in town.
  6. The Princess, recognizing the pot's tune as the only one she knows, desires it and trades ten kisses with the Swineherd for it, using her ladies-in-waiting as a screen.
  7. The Swineherd then creates a magical rattle that plays all known dances.
  8. The Princess, enchanted by the rattle, desires it and agrees to trade a hundred kisses for it, again using her ladies-in-waiting as a screen.
  9. The Emperor, observing from his balcony, discovers the kissing by the pigsties.
  10. Enraged, the Emperor banishes both the Princess and the Swineherd from his empire.
  11. The Princess weeps, regretting her choices and wishing she had accepted the Prince.
  12. The Prince reveals his true identity, having washed off his disguise and changed into splendid clothes.
  13. He scolds the Princess for valuing superficial toys over genuine gifts and noble love.
  14. The Prince returns to his own kingdom, shutting the door on the Princess, leaving her abandoned and remorseful.

Characters

👤

The Prince

human young adult male

Handsome, initially disguised with a painted face

Attire: Initially fine princely attire (unseen), then ragged swineherd's clothes, finally revealed in splendid princely dress

Sudden transformation from dirty swineherd to dazzling prince

Resourceful, persistent, ultimately judgmental and scornful

👤

The Princess

human young adult female

Not explicitly described, but implied to be attractive due to her status

Attire: Elegant princess gown, jewelry

Being kissed by the swineherd amidst a screen of ladies-in-waiting

Frivolous, shallow, easily amused by trinkets, spoiled

👤

The Emperor

human adult male

Not explicitly described

Attire: Emperor's robes, slippers

Throwing his slipper in a rage

Easily swayed, sentimental, oblivious

🐾

The Nightingale

animal ageless unknown

Small bird with a beautiful singing voice

Singing in its silver casket

Melodious

👤

Ladies-in-waiting

human young adult female

Not explicitly described

Attire: Elegant gowns, jewelry

Forming a screen for the Princess's kisses

Gullible, gossipy, obedient

Locations

Prince's Father's Grave

outdoor

A grave where a rose-tree grows, blooming only every five years and bearing a single, fragrant rose.

Mood: peaceful, melancholic

Origin of the magical rose that the Prince sends to the Princess.

rose-tree single rose grave

Emperor's Great Hall

indoor

A grand hall where the Princess plays with her ladies-in-waiting.

Mood: formal, opulent

The Princess receives the Prince's gifts and rejects them.

caskets ladies-in-waiting Emperor's throne

Wretched Room by the Pigsties

indoor

A small, unpleasant room located near the pigsties where the Prince (as the swineherd) lives.

Mood: desolate, humble

The Prince creates the magical pot and rattle to win the Princess's affection.

pigsties small room pot with bells rattle

Castle Yard by the Pigsties

outdoor

The area near the pigsties where the Princess and her ladies-in-waiting interact with the swineherd.

Mood: playful, secretive

The Princess kisses the swineherd for the pot and rattle, and the Emperor discovers them.

pigsties ladies-in-waiting Emperor's balcony

Outside the Prince's Kingdom

outdoor rainy

A desolate area outside the Prince's kingdom, where the Princess is left after being rejected.

Mood: desolate, despairing

The Prince reveals his true identity and rejects the Princess, leaving her alone and regretful.

tree kingdom door rain