THIRD GOBLIN
by Unknown · from Twenty-Two Goblins. Translated from the Sanskrit
Adapted Version
The King walked in the dark night. He carried a heavy friend. His friend was the Goblin. The Goblin liked to tell stories.
A king lived in a big city. He had a son, the Prince. The Prince married the Princess. The king had a Parrot. The Princess had a Thrush. The birds were special.
The Parrot and Thrush lived together. They were smart birds. They talked all day. The birds had a big fight. Who was naughtier? Boys or girls? They wanted to be free. The Prince heard their talk. He would decide.
The Thrush told a story. A boy named Treasure lived. He married a girl, Pearl. Treasure was not kind. He took Pearl's jewels. He pushed Pearl away. Pearl was very sad. She ran away.
Pearl was brave. She went to her home. Her parents were there. Pearl was very sad. She told a story. It made her parents not sad. She did not tell the truth.
Treasure lost his money. He came back to Pearl's home. Pearl saw him. She was still kind. She did not tell her parents. Treasure was very mean.
Pearl was very sad. She knew Treasure was not good. So, Pearl left Treasure. She went to live far away. She was safe now.
The Parrot told a story. A girl named Fortune lived. She was very pretty. She married a boy, Ocean. Ocean went away. Fortune had a secret friend. She liked him much.
Ocean came home. Fortune went out at night. She met her secret friend. A thief was in her room. He saw Fortune leave.
Fortune's secret friend got trouble. He went far away. Fortune was very scared. She made a big lie. She went back home.
Fortune told a big lie. She said bad things. She blamed her husband, Ocean. Ocean was very sad. He got into big trouble.
The thief saw all this. He knew the truth. He went to the King. He told the King. The King listened well.
The King knew Fortune lied. He sent Fortune away. She left the city. The King thanked the thief. Ocean went back home. He was happy.
The special birds changed. They became bright lights. They flew to the sky. The Prince saw them go. He still had a question.
The Goblin asked the King. "Who is naughtier? Boys or girls?" The King thought. He said, "Some boys are naughty. Some girls are naughty. Be kind and honest. This is best." The Goblin went away.
The King smiled. He said, "It is good to be kind. It is good to be honest." The Goblin went away. The King walked on. He felt happy.
Original Story
THIRD GOBLIN
The Parrot and the Thrush. Which are worse, men or women?
Then the king went back to the sissoo tree to fetch the goblin. When he got there, he took the body with the goblin in it on his shoulder, and started off in silence. And as he walked along, the goblin said to him again: "O King, you must be very tired, coming and going in the night. So to amuse you I will tell another story. Listen."
There is a city called Patna, the gem of the earth. And long ago a king lived there whose name was Lion-of-Victory. Fate had made him the owner of all virtues and all wealth. And he had a parrot called Jewel-of-Wisdom, that had divine intelligence and knew all the sciences, but lived as a parrot because of a curse.
This king had a son called Moon, and by the advice of the parrot this prince married the daughter of the king of the Magadha country; and her name was Moonlight. Now this princess had a thrush named Moony, who was like the parrot, because she had learning and intelligence. And the parrot and the thrush lived in one cage in the palace.
One day the parrot eagerly said to the thrush: "My darling, love me, and share my bed and my chair and my food and my amusements."
But the thrush said: "I will have nothing to do with men. Men are bad and ungrateful."
Then the parrot said: "Men are not bad. It is only women who are bad and cruel-hearted." And they quarrelled.
Then the two birds wagered their freedom with each other and went to the prince to have their quarrel decided. And the prince mounted his father's judgment throne, and when he had heard the cause of the quarrel, he asked the thrush: "How are men ungrateful? Tell the truth." Then she said, "Listen, O Prince," and to prove her point she started to tell this story illustrating the faults of men.
There is a famous city called Kamandaki, where a wealthy merchant lived named Fortune. And in time a son was born to him and named Treasure. Then when the father went to heaven, the young man became very unruly because of gambling and other vices. And the rascals came together, and ruined him. Association with scoundrels is the root from which springs the tree of calamity.
So in no long time he lost all he had through his vices, and being ashamed of his poverty, he left his own country and went to wander in other places. And during his travels he came to a city called Sandal City, and entered the house of a merchant, seeking something to eat. When the merchant saw the youth, he asked him about his family, and finding that he was a gentleman, he entertained him. And thinking that Fate had sent the young man, he gave him his own daughter Pearl, together with some money. And when Treasure was married, he lived in his father-in-law's house.
As time passed, he forgot his former miseries in the comforts of his life, and longed for the old vices, and wanted to go home. So the rascal managed to persuade his father-in-law, who had no other children, took his wife Pearl with her beautiful ornaments, and an old woman, and started for his own country. Presently he came to a wood where he said he was afraid of thieves, so he took all his wife's ornaments. Perceive, O Prince, how cruel and hard are the ungrateful hearts of those who indulge in gambling and other vices. And the scoundrel was ready, just for money, to kill his good wife. He threw her and the old woman into a pit. Then the rascal went away and the old woman perished there.
But Pearl, with the little life she had left, managed to get out by clinging to the grass and bushes, and weeping bitterly, and bleeding, she asked the way step by step, and painfully reached her father's house by the way she had come. And her mother and father were surprised and asked her: "Why did you come back so soon, and in this condition?"
And that good wife said: "On the road we were robbed, and my husband was forcibly carried off. And the old woman fell into a pit and died, but I escaped. And a kind-hearted traveller pulled me from the pit." Then her father and mother were saddened, but they comforted her, and Pearl stayed there, true to her husband.
Then in time Treasure lost all his money in gambling, and he reflected: "I will get more money from the house of my father-in-law. I will go there and tell my father-in-law that his daughter is well and is at my house."
So he went again to his father-in-law. And as he went, his ever-faithful wife saw him afar off. She ran and fell at the rascal's feet and told him all the story that she had invented for her parents. For the heart of a faithful wife does not change even when she learns that her husband is a rogue.
Then that rascal went without fear into the house of his father-in-law and bowed low before his feet. And his father-in-law rejoiced when he saw him and made a great feast with his relatives, for he said: "My son is delivered alive from the robbers. Heaven be praised!" Then Treasure enjoyed the wealth of his father-in-law and lived with his wife Pearl.
Now one night this worst of scoundrels did what I ought not to repeat, but I will tell it, or my story would be spoiled. Listen, O Prince. While Pearl lay asleep trusting him, that wretch killed her in the night, stole all her jewels, and escaped to his own country. This shows how bad and ungrateful men are.
When the thrush had told her story, the prince smiled and said to the parrot: "It is your turn now."
Then the parrot said: "Your Majesty, women are cruel and reckless and bad. To prove it, I will tell a story. Listen."
There is a city called Joyful, where lived a prince of merchants named Virtue, who owned millions of money. He had a daughter named Fortune, peerless in beauty, dearer to him than life. And she was given in marriage to a merchant's son from Copper City, whose name was Ocean. He was her equal in wealth, beauty, and family; a delight to the eyes of men.
One day when her husband was away from home, she saw from the window a handsome young man. And the moment she saw him, the fickle girl went mad with love, and secretly sent a messenger to invite him in, and made love to him in secret. Thus her heart was fixed on him alone, and she was happy with him.
But at last her husband came home and delighted the hearts of his parents-in-law. And when the day had been spent in feasting, Fortune was adorned by her mother, and sent to her husband's room. But she was cold toward him and pretended to sleep. And her husband went to sleep, too, for he was weary with his journey, and had been drinking wine.
When everyone in the house had gone to sleep after their dinner, a thief made a hole in the wall and came into that very room. And just then the merchant's daughter got up without seeing him, and went out secretly to a meeting with her lover. And the thief was disappointed, and thought: "She has gone out into the night wearing the very jewels that I came to steal. I must see where she goes." So the thief went out and followed her.
But she met a woman friend who had flowers in her hand, and went to a park not very far away. And there she saw the man whom she came to meet hanging on a tree. For the policeman had thought he was a thief, had put a rope around his neck and hanged him.
And at the sight she went distracted, and lamented pitifully: "Oh, oh! I am undone," and fell on the ground and wept. Then she took her lover down from the tree and made him sit up, though he was dead, and adorned him with perfumes and jewels and flowers.
But when in her love-madness she lifted his face and kissed him, a goblin who had come to live in her dead lover, bit off her nose. And she was startled and ran in pain from the spot. But then she came back to see if perhaps he was alive after all. But the goblin had gone, and she saw that he was motionless and dead. So she slowly went back home, frightened and disgraced and weeping.
And the concealed thief saw it all and thought: "What has the wicked woman done? Alas! Can women be so dreadful as this? What might she not do next?" So out of curiosity the thief still followed her from afar.
And the wretched woman entered the house and cried aloud, and said: "Save me from my cruel enemy, my own husband. He cut off my nose and I had done nothing." And her servants heard her cries and all arose in excitement. Her husband too awoke. Then her father came and saw that her nose was cut off, and in his anger he had his son-in-law arrested.
The thrush suddenly became a goddess.
And the poor man did not know what to do. Even when he was being bound, he remained silent and said nothing. Then they all woke up and heard the story, but the thief who knew the whole truth, ran away. And when day came, the merchant's son was haled before the king by his father-in-law. And Fortune went there without her nose, and the king heard the whole story and condemned the merchant's son to death for mistreating his wife.
So the innocent, bewildered man was led to the place of execution and the drums were beaten. Just then the thief came up and said to the king's men: "Why do you kill this man without any good reason? I know how the whole thing happened. Take me to the king, and I will tell all."
So all the king's men took him to the king. And the thief told the king all the adventures of the night, and said: "Your Majesty, if you cannot trust my word, you may find the nose at this moment between the teeth of the dead body."
Then the king sent men to investigate, and when he found it was true, he released the merchant's son from the punishment of death. As for wretched Fortune, he cut off her ears, too, and banished her from the country. And he took from her father, the merchant, all his money, and made the thief the chief of police. He was pleased with him.
O Prince, this shows how cruel and false women are by nature.
As he spoke these words, the parrot changed into a god, for the curse was fulfilled, and went to heaven like a god. And the thrush suddenly became a goddess, for her curse was at an end, and flew up likewise to heaven. So their dispute was never settled at that court.
When the goblin had told this story, he asked the king: "O King, tell me. Are men bad, or women? If you know and do not tell, your head will fly to pieces." And when the king heard these words of the goblin on his shoulder, he said to that magic goblin: "O goblin! Here and there, now and then, there is an occasional bad man like that. But women are usually bad. We hear about many of them."
Then the goblin disappeared from the king's shoulder as before. And the king tried again to catch him.
Story DNA
Moral
The story presents conflicting views on whether men or women are inherently worse, ultimately suggesting that wickedness can be found in both, but leans towards women being 'usually bad' in the king's final judgment.
Plot Summary
As a king carries a goblin-possessed corpse, the goblin tells a story about a parrot and a thrush who wager their freedom on whether men or women are worse. The thrush tells of Treasure, a man who repeatedly betrays and ultimately murders his loyal wife Pearl for her wealth. The parrot counters with the story of Fortune, a woman who betrays her husband, finds her lover hanged, and then falsely accuses her innocent husband of mutilating her, only for a witnessing thief to expose her lies and save the husband. The parrot and thrush, their curses broken, ascend to heaven, leaving their dispute unresolved for the prince. The goblin then asks the king for his judgment, who concludes that while some men are bad, women are 'usually bad'.
Themes
Emotional Arc
dispute to unresolved judgment
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This story is part of a larger frame narrative, the Vetala Panchavimshati, where a king must carry a corpse possessed by a vetala (goblin) who tells stories and poses riddles. The king's ability to answer correctly is crucial to his task.
Plot Beats (15)
- The king continues his task of carrying the goblin-possessed corpse, and the goblin begins a new story.
- In the city of Patna, King Lion-of-Victory has a parrot, Jewel-of-Wisdom, and his son Prince Moon marries Princess Moonlight, who owns a thrush named Moony.
- The parrot and thrush, both intelligent but cursed, quarrel about whether men or women are worse, wagering their freedom and seeking the prince's judgment.
- The thrush tells a story of Treasure, a merchant's son who squanders his inheritance, marries Pearl, and attempts to murder her for her jewels, throwing her and an old woman into a pit.
- Pearl miraculously escapes and returns to her parents, fabricating a story of robbery and her husband's abduction, remaining loyal despite his villainy.
- Treasure, having lost his ill-gotten gains, returns to his father-in-law's house, where Pearl again protects him with her fabricated story.
- One night, Treasure murders Pearl in her sleep for her jewels and flees.
- The parrot then tells a story of Fortune, a beautiful merchant's daughter who, while her husband Ocean is away, takes a secret lover.
- Her husband returns, and that night, Fortune sneaks out to meet her lover, unaware a thief has entered her room.
- Fortune finds her lover hanged by a policeman, laments, and is bitten on the nose by a goblin inhabiting his corpse when she kisses him.
- Fortune returns home, cuts off her own nose, and falsely accuses her husband of the act, leading to his arrest and condemnation to death.
- The thief, who witnessed all of Fortune's actions, intervenes at the execution, reveals the truth to the king, and provides proof.
- The king verifies the thief's story, punishes Fortune by cutting off her ears and banishing her, rewards the thief, and releases the innocent husband.
- The parrot and thrush, their curses broken, transform into gods and goddesses and ascend to heaven, leaving their original dispute unsettled for the prince.
- The goblin asks the king for his judgment on whether men or women are worse, and the king states that while some men are bad, women are 'usually bad', causing the goblin to disappear.
Characters
The King
A strong, capable man, implied to be physically fit due to carrying the goblin-possessed body over long distances. His build is likely sturdy and resilient.
Attire: Practical, yet regal attire suitable for travel and his royal status, perhaps a simple, durable silk tunic (kurta) and dhoti, possibly with a light shawl or cloak for night, in muted but rich colors like deep blue or maroon, reflecting ancient Indian royalty.
Wants: To fulfill his task of carrying the goblin-possessed body, likely for a greater purpose or quest not detailed in this specific excerpt.
Flaw: Bound by the goblin's magical threats, forcing him to listen and answer.
Remains consistent in his role as the listener and judge, demonstrating his wisdom.
Patient, determined, silent (when listening to the goblin), wise (in his judgment), resilient.
The Goblin
Invisible or incorporeal, inhabiting a human corpse. When it speaks, it's through the corpse, which would appear lifeless but articulate.
Attire: Whatever clothes the corpse was wearing when it died, likely simple, worn garments of a common person, perhaps a simple cotton tunic and trousers, possibly stained or disheveled.
Wants: To engage the King in philosophical debate, perhaps to test his wisdom or to pass the time during their journey.
Flaw: Bound by rules that compel the King to answer its questions truthfully.
Remains consistent in its role as the storyteller and questioner.
Cunning, manipulative, verbose, philosophical (in its questions), persistent, magical.
King Lion-of-Victory
A king of ancient Patna, likely of a regal and dignified build, reflecting his status and the 'owner of all virtues and all wealth.'
Attire: Rich, flowing silk robes (angarkha or jama) in vibrant colors like gold, crimson, or emerald green, possibly embroidered with intricate patterns, a jeweled turban (pagri), and ornate jewelry, reflecting the opulence of ancient Indian royalty.
Wants: To rule his kingdom justly and maintain his family's prosperity.
Flaw: Not explicitly shown, but his reliance on the parrot's advice suggests a need for guidance.
Remains a static background character.
Virtuous, wealthy, wise (as he owns Jewel-of-Wisdom), benevolent.
Jewel-of-Wisdom (Parrot)
A parrot of exceptional size and vibrant plumage, likely with iridescent green feathers, a bright red beak, and intelligent, dark eyes, reflecting its divine intelligence.
Attire: Natural plumage, but perhaps with a small, ornate golden leg band or perch accessory, indicating its royal ownership.
Wants: To prove that women are cruel and reckless, and to win the wager for freedom.
Flaw: Its strong bias against women, leading to arguments.
Transforms into a god at the end of its story, fulfilling its curse.
Intelligent, wise, argumentative, opinionated, loyal to men.
Prince Moon
A young prince, likely handsome and well-built, reflecting his royal lineage and the description of his wife's beauty.
Attire: Elegant, but perhaps less ornate than his father's, consisting of fine silk tunics and dhotis in rich colors, possibly with a simple gold chain or armlet, reflecting his status as a prince.
Wants: To rule justly and make sound judgments.
Flaw: Not explicitly shown, but his youth might imply a developing wisdom.
Remains a static character, serving as the judge.
Judicious, fair-minded (as he presides over the birds' quarrel), open to hearing both sides.
Princess Moonlight
The daughter of the king of Magadha, implied to be beautiful, matching her husband Prince Moon.
Attire: Exquisite silk saris or lehengas in soft, luminous colors like ivory, pale blue, or rose, adorned with delicate embroidery and fine jewelry, reflecting her status as a princess.
Wants: To live a life befitting her royal status.
Flaw: Not explicitly shown.
Remains a static background character.
Not explicitly detailed, but implied to be intelligent as she owns Moony, the wise thrush.
Moony (Thrush)
A thrush, likely with typical thrush plumage (brownish with spotted breast), but with an unusual intelligence in its dark, beady eyes, reflecting its learning.
Attire: Natural plumage, perhaps with a small, delicate silver leg band, indicating its royal ownership.
Wants: To prove that men are bad and ungrateful, and to win the wager for freedom.
Flaw: Its strong bias against men, leading to arguments.
Transforms into a goddess at the end of its story, fulfilling its curse.
Intelligent, learned, opinionated, argumentative, loyal to women, cynical about men.
Treasure
Initially a young man of good family, but his vices would likely lead to a somewhat dissipated appearance over time, though he could still present himself as a gentleman when needed.
Attire: Starts with fine merchant's son attire (silk kurta, dhoti, perhaps a light shawl), but likely degrades to simpler, worn cotton garments during his wanderings, only to regain finer clothes (though perhaps ill-gotten) when returning to his father-in-law.
Wants: To acquire wealth through any means, primarily to fuel his gambling and vices.
Flaw: His insatiable greed and addiction to vices, which lead him to commit heinous acts.
Degenerates from a dissolute youth to a cold-blooded murderer, showing no remorse or change.
Unruly, greedy, ungrateful, deceitful, cruel, villainous, addicted to gambling and vices.
Pearl
A beautiful young woman, daughter of a wealthy merchant, with a delicate but resilient build. Her beauty is noted, and she endures significant physical trauma.
Attire: Initially, fine silk saris or lehengas in soft, elegant colors, adorned with beautiful ornaments (jewelry). Later, her clothes would be torn and blood-stained after her ordeal, but she would return to her family's fine attire.
Wants: To remain true to her husband, despite his villainy, and to protect her parents from sorrow.
Flaw: Her unwavering faithfulness and trust, which make her vulnerable to her husband's cruelty.
Endures extreme suffering and betrayal, yet remains faithful until her death, highlighting her unwavering virtue.
Faithful, trusting, kind-hearted, resilient, self-sacrificing, forgiving, innocent.
Fortune
A young woman of peerless beauty, daughter of a wealthy merchant, but her actions reveal a cruel and reckless nature.
Attire: Exquisite silk saris or lehengas in rich, luxurious colors, adorned with magnificent jewels, reflecting her immense wealth and beauty. She wears specific jewels that the thief intends to steal.
Wants: To pursue her illicit desires, regardless of the consequences, and to escape punishment for her actions.
Flaw: Her overwhelming infatuation and lack of moral compass, leading to her downfall.
Her actions lead to her disfigurement and banishment, revealing the consequences of her wickedness.
Fickle, love-mad, cruel, reckless, deceitful, manipulative, unfaithful, wicked.
Ocean
A merchant's son from Copper City, described as equal to Fortune in wealth, beauty, and family, and a 'delight to the eyes of men.' He is handsome and well-regarded.
Attire: Fine silk kurta and dhoti in rich, tasteful colors, perhaps a light shawl, and modest but high-quality gold jewelry, reflecting his status and wealth.
Wants: To live a peaceful, prosperous life with his wife.
Flaw: His trusting nature and silence when falsely accused, which almost leads to his death.
Suffers false accusation and near-execution, but is ultimately saved and vindicated, highlighting his innocence.
Honest, innocent, trusting, weary (from travel), bewildered, silent (when accused).
The Thief
A man of average build, agile enough to follow and observe without being noticed. His appearance would be unremarkable, allowing him to blend in.
Attire: Dark, simple cotton garments (kurta and dhoti) that allow for stealth and movement, perhaps a dark turban or head covering, reflecting his profession.
Wants: Initially to steal jewels, then out of curiosity to follow Fortune, and finally to reveal the truth and prevent an injustice.
Flaw: His initial criminal intent.
Transforms from a criminal into a hero who saves an innocent man and is rewarded with a position of authority.
Observant, curious, opportunistic (initially), morally upright (ultimately), intelligent, courageous.
Locations
Royal Palace of Patna
A grand royal palace in the city of Patna, 'the gem of the earth'. It houses the king, prince, and princess, and features a judgment throne and a cage for the royal birds.
Mood: Regal, opulent, sometimes tense due to the birds' dispute.
The parrot and thrush live here, have their initial quarrel, and present their case to Prince Moon on the judgment throne.
Merchant's House in Sandal City
The home of a wealthy merchant in Sandal City, where Treasure is welcomed and later lives after marrying Pearl. It is a place of comfort and security for Pearl.
Mood: Initially welcoming and comfortable, later becomes a place of sorrow and betrayal.
Treasure finds refuge here, marries Pearl, and later returns to exploit her family. Pearl eventually returns here after being betrayed.
Wooded Area (near Sandal City)
A dangerous wood where Treasure takes Pearl and the old woman, claiming fear of thieves. It contains a pit.
Mood: Foreboding, dangerous, desolate.
Treasure robs Pearl of her jewels and throws her and the old woman into a pit, leaving them for dead.
Merchant's House in Joyful City
The opulent home of Prince Virtue, a wealthy merchant, and his daughter Fortune. It has windows overlooking the street and a room where Fortune meets her husband.
Mood: Initially luxurious, later becomes a scene of deceit, violence, and chaos.
Fortune sees her lover from a window, later meets him secretly, and then stages a false accusation against her husband after her nose is bitten off.
Park (near Joyful City)
A park not far from Fortune's house, where she goes to meet her lover. It contains trees where someone can be hanged.
Mood: Eerie, tragic, desolate.
Fortune finds her lover hanged here, and a goblin bites off her nose when she tries to kiss him.