TWELFTH GOBLIN
by Unknown · from Twenty-Two Goblins. Translated from the Sanskrit
Adapted Version
A King walked with a Wise teller. The teller wanted to tell a tale. He began his story.
There was a city. A good man named Hari lived there. He had a nice wife. Her name was Lila. They were very happy.
One night, Lila was sleeping. A Sky Prince came. He took Lila away. Hari woke up. He did not see Lila. Hari was very, very sad. He looked for her all around.
Hari was so sad. He gave away his money. He gave away his nice things. He went on a long trip. He wanted to find Lila. He went to special places.
Hari walked many days. The sun was hot. He was hungry. He was thirsty. He was tired. His trip was hard.
Hari came to a village. A kind woman saw him. She felt sorry for Hari. She had good food. She gave the food to Hari. She was very kind.
Hari took the food. He went to a pond. He sat by the water. He wanted to eat.
A big bird flew over. It carried a snake. The bird sat in a tree. The tree was above Hari. A thing bad fell. It fell from the snake. It went into Hari's food.
Hari did not know. He ate all the food. Then he felt sick. He felt very, very sick. He did not know why.
Hari went to the kind woman. He said bad things about her. He said, "You made me sick." Hari was still. He became very quiet.
The kind woman was sad. People blamed her wrongly. She did not do wrong. She felt very sad. She went on a long trip. She wanted to feel better.
The Wise teller asked the King. "Who was wrong?" he asked. "Was it the snake? Was it the big bird? Was it the kind woman? Or was it Hari? Who was wrong for what happened?"
The King thought about it. He said, "Hari was wrong. He was wrong to blame the kind woman. She was good. She gave him food. She did nothing wrong."
The Wise teller went away. The King followed him. The King thought about the story. He knew it was good to be kind. Do not blame good people wrongly. Bad things can happen by chance.
Original Story
TWELFTH GOBLIN
The Brahman who died because Poison from a Snake in the Claws of a Hawk fell into a Dish of Food given him by a Charitable Woman. Who is to blame for his death?
Then the king went back under the sissoo tree, put the goblin on his shoulder, and started as before. And as he walked along, the goblin said to him again: "O King, listen to a very condensed story."
There is a city called Benares. In it lived a Brahman named Devaswami, whom the king honoured. He was very rich, and he had a son named Hariswami. This son had a wonderful wife, and her name was Beautiful. No doubt the Creator put together in her the priceless elements of charm and loveliness after his practice in making the nymphs of heaven.
One night Hariswami was sleeping on a balcony cooled by the rays of the moon. And a fairy prince named Love-speed was flying through the air, and as he passed he saw Beautiful asleep beside her husband. He took her, still asleep, and carried her off through the air.
Presently Hariswami awoke, and not seeing the mistress of his life, he rose in anxiety. And he wondered: "Oh, where has my wife gone? Is she angry with me? Or is she playing hide-and-seek with me, to see how I will take it?" So he roamed anxiously all over the balcony during the rest of the night. But he did not find her, though he searched as far as the garden.
Then he was overcome by his sorrow and sobbed convulsively. "Oh, Beautiful, my darling! Fair as the moon! White as the moonlight! Was the night jealous of your beauty; did she carry you away? Your loveliness shamed the moon who refreshed me with beams cool as sandal; but now that you are gone, the same beams torment me like blazing coals, like poisoned arrows!"
And as Hariswami lamented thus, the night came to an end, but his anguish did not end. The pleasant sun scattered the darkness, but could not scatter the blind darkness of Hariswami's madness. His pitiful lamentations increased a hundredfold, when the nightly cries of the birds ended. His relatives tried to comfort him, but he could not pluck up courage while his loved one was lost. He went here and there, sobbing out: "Here she stood. And here she bathed. And here she adorned herself. And here she played."
His relatives and friends gave him good advice. "She is not dead," they said. "Why should you make way with yourself? You will surely find her. Pluck up courage and hunt for her. Nothing is impossible to the brave and determined man." And when they urged him, Hariswami after some days plucked up heart.
He thought: "I will give all my fortune to the Brahmans, and then wander to holy places. Thus I will wear away my sins, and when my sins are gone, perhaps I shall find my darling in my wanderings." So he arose and bathed.
On the next day he provided food and drink, and made a great feast for the Brahmans, and gave them all he had except his piety. Then he started to wander to holy places, hoping to find his wife.
As he wandered, the summer came on him like a lion, the blazing sun its mouth, and the sunbeams its mane. And the hot wind blew, made hotter yet by the sighs of travellers separated from their wives. And the yellow mud dried and cracked, as if the lakes were broken-hearted at the loss of their lotuses. And the trees, filled with chirping birds, seemed to lament the absence of the spring, and their withering leaves seemed like lips that grow dry in the heat.
At this time Hariswami was distressed by the heat and the loss of his wife, by hunger, thirst, and weariness. And as he sought for food, he came to a village. There he saw many Brahmans eating in the house of a Brahman named Lotus-belly, and he leaned against the doorpost, speechless and motionless.
Then the good wife of that pious Brahman pitied him, and she thought: "Hunger is a heavy burden. It makes anyone light. Look at this hungry man standing with bowed head at the door. He looks like a pious man who has come from a far country, and he is tired. Therefore he is a proper person for me to feed."
The summer came on him like a lion.
So the good woman took in her hands a dish filled with excellent rice, melted butter, and candied sugar, and courteously gave it to him. And she said: "Go to the edge of our pond, and eat it."
He thanked her, took the dish, went a little way, and set it down under a fig-tree on the edge of the pond. Then he washed his hands and feet in the pond, rinsed his mouth, and joyfully drew near to eat the good food.
At that moment a hawk settled on the tree, carrying a black snake in his beak and claws. And the snake died in the grasp of the hawk, and his mouth opened, and a stream of poison came out. This poison fell into the dish of food.
But Hariswami did not see it. He came up hungry, and ate it all. And immediately he felt the terrible effects of the poison. He stammered out: "Oh, when fate goes wrong, everything goes wrong. Even this rice and the milk and the melted butter and the candied sugar is poison to me." And he staggered up to the Brahman's wife and said: "Oh, Brahman's wife, I have been poisoned by the food you gave me. Bring a poison-doctor at once. Otherwise you will be the murderer of a Brahman."
And the good woman was terribly agitated. But while she was running about to find a poison-doctor, Hariswami turned up his eyes and died. Thus, though she was not to blame, though she was really charitable, the poor wife was reproached by the angry Brahman who thought she had murdered her guest. She was falsely accused for a really good action. So she was dejected and went on a pilgrimage.
When he had told this story, the goblin said: "O King, who murdered the Brahman? the snake, or the hawk, or the woman who gave him the food, or her husband? This was discussed in the presence of the god of death, but they could not decide. Therefore, O King, do you say. Who killed the Brahman? Remember the curse, if you know and do not tell the truth."
Then the king broke silence and said: "Who did the murder? The snake cannot be blamed, because he was being eaten by his enemy and could not help himself. The hawk was hungry and saw nothing. He was not to blame. And how can you blame either or both of the charitable people who gave food to a guest who arrived unexpectedly? They were quite virtuous, and cannot be blamed. I should say that the dead man himself was to blame, for he dared to accuse one of the others."
When the goblin heard this, he jumped from the king's shoulder and escaped to the sissoo tree. And the king ran after him again, determined to catch him.
Story DNA
Moral
It is difficult to assign blame when a series of unfortunate, unforeseen events leads to a tragic outcome, and sometimes fate itself is the true culprit.
Plot Summary
King Vikram, carrying a goblin, is told a story about Hariswami, whose beautiful wife is abducted by a fairy prince. Grieving, Hariswami gives away his fortune and wanders as a pilgrim. Exhausted, he accepts food from a charitable Brahman's wife, but unknowingly, a hawk carrying a snake drops poison into his dish. Hariswami eats the food, dies, and falsely accuses the woman. The goblin then challenges the king to determine who is truly to blame for Hariswami's death, to which the king replies the dead man himself is to blame for his accusation.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to tragedy
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
The story is part of the Vetala Panchavimshati (Twenty-five Tales of the Vetala), a collection of frame stories from ancient India, often featuring a king and a wise but mischievous goblin (vetala).
Plot Beats (14)
- King Vikram carries the goblin, who begins to tell a story.
- Hariswami, a rich Brahman's son, lives in Benares with his beautiful wife, Beautiful.
- A fairy prince abducts Beautiful while she sleeps, leaving Hariswami distraught.
- Hariswami laments his loss, then decides to give away his wealth and wander to holy places to find her.
- During his wanderings, Hariswami suffers from heat, hunger, and weariness.
- He arrives at a village and is offered food by a compassionate Brahman's wife.
- Hariswami takes the food to a pond's edge to eat.
- A hawk carrying a snake lands in a tree above, and the snake's poison drips into Hariswami's food.
- Unaware, Hariswami eats the poisoned food and immediately falls ill.
- He accuses the Brahman's wife of poisoning him and dies.
- The Brahman's wife is falsely accused and goes on a pilgrimage.
- The goblin asks King Vikram who is to blame for the Brahman's death: the snake, the hawk, the woman, or her husband.
- King Vikram declares the dead man himself is to blame for accusing the charitable woman.
- The goblin escapes, and the king pursues him.
Characters
Devaswami
A wealthy Brahman of Benares, likely of average height and build, with a dignified presence befitting his status and the king's respect. His skin tone would be consistent with a man from the Indian subcontinent.
Attire: Rich, but traditional Indian garments. Perhaps a white or cream dhoti, a fine silk angavastram (shawl) draped over his shoulders, possibly embroidered with subtle patterns. Gold jewelry like a simple necklace or armlet might indicate his wealth.
Wants: To maintain his family's honor and prosperity.
Flaw: Not explicitly shown, but perhaps a reliance on his wealth and status.
No arc, serves as background for Hariswami.
Honored, wealthy, respected.
Hariswami
A young Indian man, likely of slender to average build, reflecting his scholarly Brahman background rather than physical labor. His appearance would be refined, befitting his wealthy upbringing.
Attire: Initially, fine, comfortable Indian garments suitable for a wealthy household, such as a silk kurta and dhoti. Later, as a wanderer, his clothes would become simpler and more worn, perhaps a plain cotton dhoti and an unadorned shawl, showing the effects of his journey.
Wants: To find his beloved wife, Beautiful, and later, to atone for his sins through pilgrimage.
Flaw: Overwhelmed by sorrow, prone to despair, quick to accuse others when distressed.
Transforms from a contented husband to a grief-stricken wanderer, then to a pious pilgrim, and finally dies tragically, accusing his benefactress.
Devoted, anxious, sorrowful, determined (to find his wife), pious, accusatory (at the end).
Beautiful
An exquisitely beautiful young Indian woman, described as having 'priceless elements of charm and loveliness,' comparable to nymphs of heaven. Her skin would be fair and radiant, like moonlight. She would have a graceful, delicate build.
Attire: Fine, luxurious Indian attire, such as a silk saree or lehenga-choli, in rich colors like deep blue or emerald green, possibly with gold thread embroidery. Adorned with delicate gold jewelry: earrings, necklaces, bangles, and perhaps a bindi on her forehead.
Wants: Not explicitly shown, as she is abducted while sleeping.
Flaw: Vulnerable due to her beauty, which attracts unwanted attention.
No arc, she is abducted at the beginning and her fate is unknown.
Lovely, charming, serene (as observed in sleep).
Love-speed
A fairy prince, implying a handsome, ethereal, and possibly youthful appearance. He would have a light, agile build, capable of flight. His skin might have a subtle glow or unusual hue.
Attire: Ethereal, flowing garments that suggest royalty and flight, perhaps made of shimmering, lightweight fabric in celestial colors like deep blue, silver, or purple. No heavy armor, but possibly delicate, ornate jewelry or a circlet.
Wants: Desire for beauty, taking what he wants without consequence.
Flaw: His impulsiveness and disregard for others' feelings.
No arc, appears only to abduct Beautiful.
Impulsive, opportunistic, powerful, entitled.
Lotus-belly's Wife
A good and pious Indian woman, likely of a modest but healthy build, reflecting her role as a homemaker. Her appearance would be kind and compassionate.
Attire: Simple, clean, and modest Indian attire, such as a cotton saree in earthy tones (e.g., ochre, maroon, or green) with minimal or no embellishments, suitable for a Brahman's wife. Perhaps a few simple bangles or a small nose stud.
Wants: To fulfill her dharma by offering hospitality and food to a hungry Brahman.
Flaw: Vulnerable to false accusations despite her good intentions.
Starts as a charitable woman, becomes a falsely accused pilgrim due to tragic circumstances.
Pious, charitable, compassionate, observant, agitated (when Hariswami dies).
Hawk
A large, powerful bird of prey with sharp talons and a hooked beak. Its feathers would be predominantly brown and white, with keen, predatory eyes.
Wants: To hunt and eat its prey.
Flaw: None shown, acts purely on instinct.
No arc, acts as an agent of fate.
Instinct-driven, predatory, hungry.
Black Snake
A black snake, likely venomous, with a sleek, scaled body. Its length would be appropriate for a hawk to carry.
Attire: Natural scales.
Wants: Survival (prior to death).
Flaw: Vulnerable to predators.
No arc, dies and its venom causes a tragic chain of events.
Instinct-driven (prior to death).
The Goblin
A mischievous and elusive goblin, likely small, wiry, and grotesque, as is typical for goblins in folklore. Its skin might be greenish or earthy-toned, with sharp features.
Attire: Simple, tattered, and earthy garments, perhaps made of leaves or rough cloth, blending with its forest environment. No elaborate attire.
Wants: To test the king's wisdom and escape its captivity.
Flaw: Bound by the king's ability to answer its riddles.
Repeatedly challenges the king and escapes, continuing its cycle.
Mischievous, cunning, philosophical (in its questions), challenging.
Locations
Hariswami's Balcony in Benares
A private, elevated outdoor living space of a wealthy Brahman's home in Benares, cooled by moonlight. Likely features intricate carved wooden railings and possibly a small, ornate roof supported by pillars, typical of a traditional Indian haveli or palace architecture, offering views of the surrounding city or garden.
Mood: Initially peaceful and romantic, then shifts to anxious and sorrowful.
Hariswami and Beautiful sleep here; Beautiful is abducted by a fairy prince; Hariswami discovers her absence and laments.
Lotus-belly's Brahman House
The home of a charitable Brahman named Lotus-belly in a village, where many Brahmans are being fed. It would be a traditional Indian village house, likely constructed of mud and thatch or simple brick, with an open doorway leading to a communal eating area. The interior would be humble but clean, with a warm, inviting atmosphere.
Mood: Humble, charitable, and bustling with activity, offering a temporary refuge from the harsh summer.
Hariswami, weary from travel, finds this house and is offered food by Lotus-belly's wife.
Fig-tree by the Pond
A tranquil spot at the edge of a village pond, shaded by a large fig-tree. The pond would be a natural or man-made water body, possibly with muddy banks and some aquatic vegetation. The fig-tree would have broad leaves and spreading branches, providing ample shade from the intense summer sun.
Mood: Initially peaceful and refreshing, quickly turns ominous and tragic.
Hariswami takes his meal here; poison falls into his food from a snake dropped by a hawk; he eats the poisoned food and dies.