CXXXIV NUIT
by Unknown · from Les mille et une nuits - Tome premier
Adapted Version
The Sultan sat on his big chair. The Sultan listened closely. He wanted a good story. The Doctor began to tell a story. He told The Sultan a tale. It was a story from The Young Man.
The Young Man started his story. A woman came to his home. She was The Governor's Older Sister. She was the first daughter.
The Older Sister went to Cairo. Cairo was a big city. She learned bad ways there. She changed in Cairo. She came back home. She taught her Younger Sister bad choices too.
The Younger Sister became very sad. She left. The Older Sister was very angry. She was also very sad. She left too.
The Governor was very sad. His heart was heavy. He had a third daughter. This daughter was special. She was kind and good. She had a pure heart. She was very beautiful. He offered her to The Young Man. He offered his home and things too.
The Young Man said yes. They had a happy wedding. He married The Good Sister. He loved his new wife. He lived with The Governor.
Someone told a lie about The Young Man. The Governor found out. The Young Man got his things back.
The Young Man finished his story. He spoke with a clear voice. He was a bit rude before. He was sorry for that. He helps sick people now. Now he is a doctor.
The Doctor finished his tale. He told a long story. He stayed in Damascus. The Governor was old and went away. The Doctor came to Casgar. He helps many people. He worked as a doctor here.
The Sultan liked the story. The Sultan smiled a little. He liked good tales. He said it was very good. But the Hunchback story was funnier. He would send the four men away. The men must leave now.
The Tailor stepped forward. He was very brave. He wanted to help. He bowed low to The Sultan. He said, "I have a fun story." "It will help us stay."
The Sultan looked at him. He gave a stern look. The Sultan said, "Tell your story." "It must be better than the Hunchback's." "Then I will let you stay."
The Tailor started his tale. The party was very fun. Many people were there. He went to a party. A new man came in. He walked with a limp. He saw a barber. He looked very scared.
Original Story
CXXXIV NUIT.
Sire, dit-elle, voici le discours que le gouverneur de Damas tint au jeune homme de Moussoul: «Mon fils, dit-il, sachez donc que la première dame qui a eu l'effronterie de vous aller chercher jusque chez vous, était l'aînée de toutes mes filles. Je l'avais mariée au Caire à un de ses cousins, au fils de mon frère. Son mari mourut; elle revint chez moi corrompue par mille méchancetés qu'elle avait apprises en Égypte. Avant son arrivée, sa cadette, qui est morte d'une manière si déplorable entre vos bras, était fort sage et ne m'avait jamais donné aucun sujet de me plaindre de ses moeurs. Son aînée fit avec elle une liaison étroite et la rendit insensiblement aussi méchante qu'elle.
«Le jour qui suivit la mort de sa cadette, comme je ne la vis pas en me mettant à table, j'en demandai des nouvelles à son aînée, qui était revenue au logis; mais, au lieu de me répondre, elle se mit à pleurer si amèrement que j'en conçus un présage funeste. Je la pressai de m'instruire de ce que je voulais savoir: «Mon père, me répondit-elle en sanglotant, je ne puis vous dire autre chose, sinon que ma soeur prit hier son plus bel habit, son beau collier de perles, sortit, et n'a point paru depuis.» Je fis chercher ma fille par toute la ville; mais je ne pus rien apprendre de son malheureux destin. Cependant l'aînée, qui se repentait sans doute de sa fureur jalouse, ne cessa de s'affliger et de pleurer la mort de sa soeur; elle se priva même de toute nourriture et mit fin par là à ses déplorables jours.
«Voilà, continua le gouverneur, quelle est la condition des hommes; tels sont les malheurs auxquels ils sont exposés. Mais, mon fils, ajouta-t-il, comme nous sommes tous deux également infortunés, unissons nos déplaisirs, ne nous abandonnons point l'un l'autre. Je vous donne en mariage une troisième fille que j'ai: elle est plus jeune que ses soeurs et ne leur ressemble nullement par sa conduite. Elle a même plus de beauté qu'elles n'en ont eu, et je puis vous assurer qu'elle est d'une humeur propre à vous rendre heureux. Vous n'aurez pas d'autre maison que la mienne, et, après ma mort, vous serez, vous et elle, mes seuls héritiers. - Seigneur, lui dis-je, je suis confus de toutes vos bontés et je ne pourrai jamais vous en marquer assez de reconnaissance. - Brisons là, interrompit-il, ne consumons pas le temps en vains discours.» En disant cela, il fit appeler des témoins et dresser un contrat de mariage; ensuite j'épousai sa fille sans cérémonie.
«Il ne se contenta pas d'avoir fait punir le marchand joaillier qui m'avait faussement accusé, il fit confisquer à mon profit tous ses biens, qui sont très-considérables; enfin, depuis que vous venez chez le gouverneur, vous avez pu voir en quelle considération je suis auprès de lui. Je vous dirai de plus qu'un homme envoyé par mes oncles en Égypte, exprès pour m'y chercher, ayant en passant découvert que j'étais en cette ville, me remit hier une lettre de leur part. Ils me mandent la mort de mon père et m'invitent à aller recueillir sa succession à Moussoul; mais, comme l'alliance et l'amitié du gouverneur m'attachent à lui, et ne me permettent pas de m'en éloigner, j'ai renvoyé l'exprès avec une procuration pour me faire tenir tout ce qui m'appartient. Après ce que vous venez d'entendre, j'espère que vous me pardonnerez l'incivilité que je vous ai faite durant le cours de ma maladie, en vous présentant la main gauche au lieu de la droite.»
«Voilà, dit le médecin juif au sultan de Casgar, ce que me raconta le jeune homme de Moussoul. Je demeurai à Damas tant que le gouverneur vécut. Après sa mort, comme j'étais à la fleur de mon âge, j'eus la curiosité de voyager. Je parcourus toute la Perse et allai dans les Indes, et enfin je suis venu m'établir dans votre capitale, où j'exerce avec honneur la profession de médecin.»
Le sultan de Casgar trouva cette dernière histoire assez agréable. «J'avoue, dit-il au juif, que ce que tu viens de me raconter est extraordinaire; mais, franchement, l'histoire du bossu l'est encore davantage et bien plus réjouissante; ainsi n'espère pas que je te donne la vie, non plus qu'aux autres; je vais vous faire pendre tous quatre. - Attendez, de grâce, sire, s'écria le tailleur en s'avançant et se prosternant aux pieds du sultan: puisque votre majesté aime les histoires plaisantes, celle que j'ai à lui conter ne lui déplaira pas. - Je veux bien t'écouter aussi, lui dit le sultan; mais ne te flatte pas que je te laisse vivre, à moins que tu ne me dises quelque aventure plus divertissante que celle du bossu.» Alors le tailleur, comme s'il eût été sûr de son fait, prit la parole avec confiance et commença son discours dans ces termes:
HISTOIRE QUE RACONTA LE TAILLEUR. «Sire, un bourgeois de cette ville me fit l'honneur, il y a deux jours, de m'inviter à un festin qu'il donnait hier matin à ses amis: je me rendis chez lui de très-bonne heure et j'y trouvai environ vingt personnes.
«Nous n'attendions plus que le maître de la maison, qui était sorti pour quelque affaire, lorsque nous le vîmes arriver accompagné d'un jeune étranger très-proprement habillé, fort bien fait, mais boiteux. Nous nous, levâmes tous, et, pour faire honneur au maître du logis, nous priâmes le jeune homme de s'asseoir avec nous sur le sofa. Il était prêt à le faire lorsque, apercevant un barbier qui était de notre compagnie, il se retira brusquement en arrière et voulut sortir. Le maître de la maison, surpris de son action, l'arrêta: «Où allez-vous? lui dit-il; je vous amène avec moi pour me faire l'honneur d'être d'un festin que je donne à mes amis, et à peine êtes-vous entré que vous voulez sortir? - Seigneur, répondit le jeune homme, au nom de Dieu, je vous supplie de ne pas me retenir et de permettre que je m'en aille. Je ne puis voir sans horreur cet abominable barbier que voilà: quoiqu'il soit né dans un pays où tout le monde est blanc, il ne laisse pas de ressembler à un Éthiopien; mais il a l'âme encore plus noire et plus horrible que le visage.»
Le jour, qui parut en cet endroit, empêcha Scheherazade d'en dire davantage cette nuit; mais la nuit suivante elle reprit ainsi sa narration:
Story DNA
Plot Summary
The Jewish doctor continues his story to the Sultan of Casgar, recounting the tale of the young man of Moussoul. The young man explains how the Governor of Damascus's two elder daughters died tragically due to the elder's corrupting influence and jealousy, leading the Governor to offer his virtuous third daughter and inheritance to the young man. After marrying and settling, the young man concludes his tale, prompting the Sultan to declare it extraordinary but still insufficient to spare the accused. The tailor then intervenes, promising an even more amusing story to save their lives, and begins his narrative about a limping man's violent reaction to seeing a barber at a feast.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suspense to revelation
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
This story is part of the larger 'One Thousand and One Nights' collection, specifically nested within the story of the Hunchback, which itself is a frame for several other tales. The structure reflects the oral storytelling traditions of the era.
Plot Beats (14)
- The Jewish doctor recounts the story told by the young man of Moussoul to the Sultan of Casgar.
- The young man of Moussoul begins his tale, explaining that the first woman who sought him out was the eldest daughter of the Governor of Damascus.
- He reveals that the eldest daughter, corrupted in Cairo, returned home and corrupted her younger sister.
- The younger sister died tragically in his arms, which led to the elder sister's jealous fury and subsequent death by starvation.
- The Governor, despite his immense grief, offers his third, virtuous, and beautiful daughter in marriage to the young man, along with his house and inheritance.
- The young man accepts the offer, marries the third daughter, and lives with the Governor.
- The Governor ensures the false accuser (the jeweler) is punished and his wealth confiscated for the young man.
- The young man receives news of his father's death and inheritance in Moussoul but chooses to remain with the Governor due to their bond.
- The young man concludes his story, apologizing for his earlier incivility and explaining his journey and current profession as a doctor.
- The Jewish doctor finishes his narration to the Sultan of Casgar, stating he stayed in Damascus until the governor's death, then traveled, and settled as a doctor in Casgar.
- The Sultan acknowledges the story's extraordinary nature but still finds the Hunchback's story more amusing and insists on executing the four men.
- The tailor intervenes, prostrating himself and offering to tell an even more entertaining story to save their lives.
- The Sultan agrees to listen, but warns the tailor that his story must surpass the Hunchback's to spare them.
- The tailor begins his story, describing being invited to a feast where a limping stranger suddenly recoils in horror upon seeing a barber.
Characters
Scheherazade
Slender and graceful, with features considered beautiful in her cultural context, likely with dark, expressive eyes and smooth skin. Her posture is elegant, reflecting her royal status and intellectual prowess.
Attire: Luxurious and modest, consisting of flowing silk robes (likely a kaftan or similar garment) in rich jewel tones, possibly embroidered with gold thread or intricate patterns. She would wear a veil or head covering, adorned with fine jewelry.
Wants: To save her own life and the lives of other women in the kingdom by captivating the Sultan with her stories, and ultimately to soften his heart and end his cruel decree.
Flaw: Her physical vulnerability as a woman in a patriarchal society, and the constant threat of execution if her stories fail to entertain.
She begins as a clever woman using her wit for survival and evolves into a powerful influencer who changes the Sultan's heart and brings peace to the kingdom.
Intelligent, resourceful, courageous, eloquent, and compassionate. She uses her wit and storytelling ability to survive and influence the Sultan.
The Sultan of Casgar
A man of imposing stature, likely with a strong build, reflecting his power and authority. His features are stern, often marked by a hardened expression due to his past experiences.
Attire: Regal and opulent, consisting of richly embroidered silk robes (like a thobe or kaftan) in deep, luxurious colors, possibly with a brocade pattern. He wears a jeweled turban and significant gold jewelry, such as a heavy necklace or rings.
Wants: To prevent future betrayal by executing each new wife, driven by deep-seated trust issues. He seeks entertainment and distraction from his inner turmoil.
Flaw: His deep-seated trauma and cynicism, which lead to his cruel decree. He is also susceptible to boredom and seeks constant novelty.
Begins as a tyrannical and vengeful ruler, but through Scheherazade's stories, he slowly softens, regains his humanity, and eventually abandons his cruel practice.
Initially cruel, cynical, and vengeful due to betrayal, but also capable of curiosity and eventually, compassion. He is a man of his word, even when it means sparing lives.
The Jewish Physician
Likely of a lean build, with features that suggest wisdom and experience. His appearance would be modest but respectable, reflecting his profession.
Attire: Modest but clean and well-maintained clothing, typical of a learned professional in the region. Perhaps a simple linen tunic over trousers, with a cloak for travel, and a small cap or turban.
Wants: To save his life from the Sultan's decree by telling a compelling story.
Flaw: His life is at the mercy of the Sultan's judgment.
He is introduced as one of the four men condemned to death, and his story is his attempt to gain reprieve. His arc within the frame story is about survival.
Observant, intelligent, well-traveled, and a skilled storyteller himself. He is pragmatic and seeks to save his own life through his narrative.
The Young Man of Mosul
Handsome and well-built, as implied by his desirability to the Governor's daughters. He would have features typical of a young man from Mosul, likely with dark hair and eyes.
Attire: Initially, he is described as 'very properly dressed,' suggesting fine, but not overly ostentatious, clothing. Likely a well-tailored tunic and trousers, perhaps a light cloak, in muted but rich colors, reflecting his status as a merchant's son.
Wants: To survive the accusations against him, to find stability and happiness, and to honor his commitments.
Flaw: His initial naivete and susceptibility to the schemes of others.
He starts as an innocent young man caught in a dangerous situation, endures false accusations and personal loss, and ultimately finds a new family and prosperity through the Governor's generosity.
Initially somewhat naive and easily entangled, but also honorable, grateful, and loyal once he forms attachments. He is resilient in the face of misfortune.
The Governor of Damascus
A man of advanced age, but still possessing an air of authority and wisdom. His build might be slightly stooped with age, but his presence is commanding.
Attire: Dignified and authoritative, consisting of fine, but not overly flashy, robes in rich, dark colors, possibly with subtle embroidery. He would wear a distinguished turban.
Wants: To find a suitable and honorable husband for his remaining daughter, to ensure her happiness and his legacy, and to rectify past wrongs.
Flaw: His inability to fully control the rebellious nature of his elder daughters.
He acts as a benevolent figure, offering the young man of Mosul a new life and family, demonstrating his wisdom and generosity.
Wise, just, compassionate, and generous. He is a man of his word and takes responsibility for his family's actions.
The Eldest Daughter (of the Governor)
Likely beautiful, but with an air of worldliness and perhaps a hint of cunning in her expression. Her build would be graceful.
Attire: Fashionable and perhaps slightly provocative for her time, reflecting her experiences in Cairo. Fine silks and rich colors, possibly with more revealing necklines or intricate jewelry than her sisters.
Wants: To exert influence, to indulge in 'mischief,' and possibly to eliminate rivals or those who displease her.
Flaw: Her jealousy and manipulative nature, which ultimately lead to her own demise through grief.
She acts as a corrupting influence on her younger sister and is indirectly responsible for her death. She dies of grief and repentance.
Corrupted, mischievous, jealous, and manipulative. She leads her younger sister astray and is driven by a 'furious jealousy' that leads to her sister's death.
The Second Daughter (of the Governor)
Described as 'very wise' before her corruption, implying a gentle and modest beauty. Her build would be delicate.
Attire: Initially modest and chaste, likely simple linen or cotton dresses in soft colors. Later, possibly influenced by her sister, she might wear slightly finer attire, including a 'beautiful pearl necklace'.
Wants: Initially to maintain her good character, later swayed by her sister's influence to seek excitement or forbidden pleasures.
Flaw: Her susceptibility to her elder sister's bad influence.
She transforms from a virtuous young woman into one led astray, ultimately dying tragically in the arms of the young man of Mosul.
Initially wise and chaste, but easily influenced and corrupted by her elder sister. She becomes reckless and meets a tragic end.
The Third Daughter (of the Governor)
Described as having 'more beauty' than her sisters and a 'disposition to make you happy.' She would have a radiant and pleasing appearance.
Attire: Elegant and modest, reflecting her virtuous character and the Governor's wealth. Fine silks in soft, appealing colors, possibly with delicate embroidery, and minimal, tasteful jewelry.
Wants: To be a good wife and partner, and to bring happiness to her husband.
Flaw: None explicitly stated, she is presented as ideal.
She becomes the wife of the young man of Mosul, offering him a new, happy life and a secure future.
Virtuous, beautiful, and of a pleasant disposition. She is a source of happiness and stability.
The Tailor
Likely of a slender build, with nimble hands, reflecting his profession. His features would be expressive and lively, as he is a storyteller.
Attire: Practical but well-maintained clothing, typical of a skilled artisan. A simple tunic and trousers, perhaps a vest, in sturdy fabrics like linen or cotton, in earthy tones. He might wear a small, practical cap.
Wants: To save his own life and the lives of his companions by telling a story more entertaining than the previous ones.
Flaw: His life is dependent on the Sultan's fickle judgment.
He is introduced as one of the condemned men and takes his turn telling a story to save himself and the others.
Confident, quick-witted, and an engaging storyteller. He is determined to save his life and believes in the power of his narrative.
Locations
Governor of Damascus's House
A traditional Abbasid-era dwelling in Damascus, likely featuring a central courtyard (riad) with a fountain, surrounded by rooms with geometric tile mosaics and intricate wooden latticework (mashrabiya) on windows. The interior would have divans or sofas for seating, possibly with rich textiles and cushions. The atmosphere would be one of domestic life, later tinged with sorrow and then reconciliation.
Mood: Initially domestic and sorrowful due to the daughters' deaths, later becoming a place of alliance and new beginnings.
The governor recounts the tragic story of his daughters to the young man from Mosul, offers his third daughter in marriage, and they formalize their alliance. The young man lives here after his marriage.
Sultan of Casgar's Palace
A grand Arabian palace, likely with vast audience chambers, high ceilings, and possibly muqarnas vaults. Rich textiles, carpets, and cushions would furnish the space, reflecting the sultan's wealth. The atmosphere is one of regal authority, where life-or-death decisions are made, but also a place for storytelling and entertainment.
Mood: Regal, tense, and expectant, as the sultan listens to stories that determine the fate of the narrators.
The Jewish physician finishes his tale to the Sultan of Casgar, who then threatens to execute all four men. The tailor steps forward to tell his own story to save their lives.
A Citizen's House in Casgar
A comfortable, well-appointed house belonging to a bourgeois citizen in Casgar, likely featuring a reception room or salon where guests gather for a feast. The architecture would be typical of a prosperous urban dwelling in an Arabian city, with perhaps whitewashed walls, arched doorways, and comfortable seating (sofas/divans) arranged for conversation and dining.
Mood: Festive and convivial, though quickly becoming awkward and tense with the arrival of the limping stranger and the barber.
The tailor attends a morning feast hosted by a citizen. A limping stranger arrives with the host, but upon seeing a barber among the guests, he reacts with horror and tries to leave, setting up the next part of the story.