She Was Good for Nothing
by Hans Christian Andersen · from Collected Fairy Tales
Adapted Version
Once, there was a kind mother. She worked very hard. She washed clothes in the cold river.
Mr. Mayor stood. He saw The Son. "Your mother is always tired," he said. "She does not work enough." The Son felt sad.
The Son went to The Mother. She washed clothes. The water was cold. He brought a warm cloth.
Kind Maren heard Mr. Mayor. His words were unkind. She told The Mother. The Mother felt very sad.
Kind Maren had news. The Kind Man went to sleep. The Mother knew this kind man.
The Mother felt very sick. She was so tired. She fell down. Kind Maren took her home.
Kind Maren stayed with The Mother. She cared for her. The Mother talked of her past. She worked hard for The Son. She loved him very much.
The Mother knew The Kind Man. He was very kind. She liked him much. But she was poor. They could not be together.
She chose to work hard. She married The Father. He was a good man. Then her husband went away. She worked only for The Son.
Next day, The Mother went back. She felt the cold water. She fell asleep forever.
Kind Maren found The Mother. Mr. Mayor heard the news. "She was not good enough," he said. "She was always tired."
A letter came. The Kind Man left money. It was for The Mother. He remembered her always.
Mr. Mayor took The Son. He lived in the big house. Mr. Mayor said, "Your mother was not good enough."
Kind Maren planted a rose. It was for The Mother. The Son stood by. "Your mother was very good," Maren said. "She loved you much. God knows her kind heart."
Original Story
She was good for nothing
A fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen
The mayor was standing at his open window; he was wearing a dress shirt with a dainty breastpin in its frill. He was very well shaven, self-done, though he had cut himself slightly and had stuck a small bit of newspaper over the cut.
"Listen, youngster!" he boomed.
The youngster was none other than the washerwoman's son, who respectfully took off his cap as he passed. This cap was broken at the rim, so that he could put it into his pocket. In his poor but clean and very neatly mended clothes, and his heavy wooden shoes, the boy stood as respectfully as if he were before the king.
"You're a good boy, a well-behaved lad!" said the Mayor. "I suppose your mother is washing down at the river, and no doubt you are going to bring her what you have in your pocket. That's an awful thing with your mother! How much have you there?"
"A half pint," said the boy in a low, trembling voice.
"And this morning she had the same?" continued the Mayor.
"No, it was yesterday!" answered the boy.
"Two halves make a whole! She is no good! It is sad there are such people. Tell your mother she ought to be ashamed of herself. Don't you become a drunkard-but I suppose you will! Poor child! Run along now."
And the boy went, still holding his cap in his hand, while the wind rippled the waves of his yellow hair. He went down the street and through an alley to the river, where his mother stood at her washing stool in the water, beating the heavy linen with a wooden beater. The current was strong, for the mill's sluices were open; the bed sheet was dragged along by the stream and nearly swept away her washing stool, and the woman had all she could do to stand up against it.
"I was almost carried away," she said. "It's a good thing you've come, for I need something to strengthen me. It's so cold in the water; I've been standing here for six hours. Have you brought me anything?"
The boy drew forth a flask, and his mother put it to her lips and drank a little.
"Oh, that does me good! How it warms me! It's just as good as hot food, and it isn't as expensive! Drink, my boy! You look so pale, and you're freezing in your thin clothes. Remember it is autumn. Ooh, the water is cold! If only I don't get ill! But I won't. Give me a little more, and drink some yourself, but only a little drop, for you mustn't get used to it, my poor dear child!"
And she walked out of the water and up onto the bridge where the boy stood. The water dripped from the straw mat that she had tied around her waist and from her petticoat.
"I work and slave till the blood runs out at my fingernails, but I do it gladly if I can bring you up honestly, my sweet child!"
Just then came an elderly woman, poorly clad, lame in one leg, and with an enormously large, false curl hanging down over one of her eyes, which was blind. This curl was supposed to hide the eye, but it only made the defect the more conspicuous. The neighbors called her "limping Maren with the curl," and she was an old friend of the washerwoman's.
"You poor thing," she cried, "slaving and toiling in the cold water! You certainly need something to warm you a little, and yet the gossips cry about the few drops you take!" And soon all that the Mayor had said to the boy was repeated to his mother, for Maren had overheard it, and it had angered her to hear him talk so to the child about his own mother and the few drops she took, because on that same day the Mayor was having a big dinner party with many bottles of wine.
"Good wine, strong wine! Many will drink more than they should, but they don't call that drinking. They are all right, but you are good for nothing!"
"What! Did the Mayor really say that, child?" asked the laundress, her lips quivering. "So you have a mother who is good for nothing! Perhaps he's right, though he shouldn't say so to a child. But I mustn't complain; good things have come to me from that house."
"Why, yes, you were in service there, when the Mayor's parents were alive. That was many years ago. Many bushels of salt have been eaten since then, so people may well be thirsty! laughed Maren. "The big dinner today at the Mayor's would have been postponed if everything hadn't been prepared. I heard the news from the porter. A letter came, an hour ago, telling them that the Mayor's younger brother, in Copenhagen, is dead."
"Dead!" cried the laundress, turning as white as a ghost.
"What does it matter to you" said Maren. "Of course, you must have known him, since you worked in the house."
"Is he really dead? He was the best and kindest of men-indeed, there aren't many like him!" Tears were rolling down her cheeks. "Oh, my God! Everything is going around! That's because I emptied the bottle. I couldn't stand so much. I feel so ill!" And she leaned against the fence for support.
"Good heavens, you are ill, indeed!" said Maren. "Try to get over it! No, you really are sick! I'd better get you home!"
"But the washing there!"
"I'll take care of that. Here, give me your arm. The boy can stay here and watch it till I come back and wash what's left. It's only a few pieces."
The poor laundress' legs were trembling under her. "I've stood too long in the cold water, with no food since yesterday! I have a burning fever. Oh, dear Lord Jesus, help me to get home! Oh, my poor child!" And she wept.
The boy cried too, as he sat alone beside the river, guarding the wet linen. The two women made their way slowly, the washerwoman dragging her shaky limbs up the little alley and through the street where the Mayor lived. Just as she reached the front of his house, she sank down on the cobblestones. A crowd gathered around her.
Limping Maren ran into his yard for help. The Mayor and his guests came to the windows.
"It's the washerwoman!" he said. "She's had a bit too much to drink; she's no good! It's a pity for that handsome boy of hers, I really like that child, but his mother is good for nothing."
And the washerwoman was brought to her own humble room, where she was put to bed. Kindly Maren hastened to prepare a cup of warm ale with butter and sugar-she could think of no better medicine in such a case-and then returned to the river, where, although she meant well, she did a very poor job with the washing; she only pulled the wet clothes out of the water and put them into a basket.
That evening she appeared again in the washerwoman's miserable room. She had begged from the Mayor's cook a couple of roasted potatoes and a fine fat piece of ham for the sick woman. Maren and the boy feasted on these, but the patient was satisfied with the smell, "For that was very nourishing," she said.
The boy was put to bed, in the same one in which his mother slept, lying crosswise at his mother's feet, with a blanket of old blue and red carpet ends sewed together.
The laundress felt a little better now; the warm ale had given her strength, and the smell of the good food had been nourishing.
"Thank you, my kind friend," she said to Maren, "I'll tell you all about it, while the boy is asleep. He's sleeping already; see how sweet he looks with his eyes closed. He doesn't think of his mother's sufferings; may our Lord never let him feel their equal! Well, I was in service at the Councilor's, the Mayor' parents, when their youngest son came home from his studies. I was a carefree young girl then, but honest-I must say that before heaven. And the student was so pleasant and jolly; every drop of blood in his veins was honest and true; a better young man never lived. He was a son of the house, and I was only a servant, but we became sweethearts-all honorably; a kiss is no sin, after all, if people really love each other. And he told his mother that he loved me. She was an angel in his eyes, wise and kind and loving. And when he went away again he put his gold ring on my finger.
"After he had gone my mistress called me in to speak to me; she looked so grave and yet so kind, and spoke as wisely as an angel indeed. She pointed out to me the gulf of difference, both mentally and materially, that lay between her son and me. 'Now he is attracted by your good looks, but that will fade in time. You haven't received his education; intellectually you can never rise to his level. I honor the poor,' she continued, ' and I know that there is many a poor man who will sit in a higher seat in the kingdom of heaven than many a rich man; but that is no reason for crossing the barrier in this world. Left to yourselves, you two would drive your carriage full tilt against obstacles, until it toppled over with you both. Now I know that Erik, the glovemaker, a good, honest craftsman, wants to marry you; he is a well-to-do widower with no children. Think it over!'
"Every word my mistress spoke went through my heart like a knife, but I knew she was right, and that weighed heavily upon me. I kissed her hand, and my bitter tears fell upon it. But still bitterer tears fell when I lay upon my bed in my own room. Oh, the long, dreary night that followed-our Lord alone knows how I suffered!
"Not until I went to church on Sunday did peace of mind come after my pain. It seemed the working of Providence that as I left the church I met Erik himself. There were no doubts in my mind now; we were suited to each other, both in rank and in means; he was even a well-to-do man. So I went straight up to him, took his hand, and asked, 'Do you still think of me?'
" 'Yes, always and forever,' he said.
" 'Do you want to marry a girl who likes and respects you, but does not love you?'
" 'I believe love will come,' he said, and then we joined hands.
"I went home to my mistress. The gold ring that her son had given me I had been wearing every day next to my heart, and every night on my finger in bed, but now I drew it out. I kissed it until my lips bled, then gave it to my mistress and told her that next week the banns would be read for me and the glovemaker.
"My mistress took me in her arms and kissed me; she didn't say I was good for nothing, but at that time I was perhaps better than I am now, for I had not yet known the misfortunes of the world. The wedding was at Candlemas, and for our first year we were quite happy. My husband had a workman and an apprentice with him, and you, Maren, were our servant."
"Oh, and such a good mistress you were!" said Maren. "I shall never forget how kind you and your husband were to me!"
"Ah, but you were with us during our good times! We had no children then. I never saw the student again. Oh, yes, I saw him once, but he didn't see me. He came to his mother's funeral, and I saw him standing by her grave, looking so sad and pale-but that was all for his mother's sake. When his father died later he was abroad and didn't come to that funeral. He didn't come here again; he became a lawyer, and he never married, I know. But he thought no more of me, and if he had seen me he would certainly have never recognized me, ugly as I am now. And it is all for the best!"
Then she went on to tell of the bitter days of hardship, when misfortune had fallen upon them. They had saved five hundred dollars, and since in their neighborhood a house could be bought for two hundred, they considered it a good investment to buy one, tear it down, and build again. So the house was bought, and the bricklayers and carpenters estimated that the new house would cost a thousand and twenty dollars. Erik had credit and borrowed that sum in Copenhagen, but the captain who was to have brought the money was shipwrecked and the money lost.
"It was just then that my darling boy, who lies sleeping there, was born. Then his father had a long and severe illness, and for nine months I even had to dress and undress him every day. We kept on going backward. We had to borrow more and more; one by one all our possessions were sold; and at last Erik died. Since then I have worked and slaved for the boy's sake, have gone out scrubbing floors and washing linen, done coarse work or fine, whatever I could get. But I was not to be better off; it is the Lord's will! He will take me away and find better provisions for my child." Then she fell asleep.
In the morning she seemed better and decided she was strong enough to return to her work. But the moment she felt the cold water a shivering seized her; she grasped about convulsively with her hands, took one step forward, and fell. Her head lay on the dry bank, but her feet were in the water of the river; her wooden shoes, in each of which there was a handful of straw, were carried away by the current.
And here she was found by Maren, when she came to bring her some coffee.
A message had come to her lodging that the Mayor wanted to see her, for he had something to say to her. It was too late. A doctor was summoned; the poor washerwoman was dead.
"She has drunk herself to death," said the Mayor.
The letter that had brought the Mayor the news of his brother's death also gave a summary of his will, and among other bequests he had left six hundred dollars to the glovemaker's widow, who had formerly served his parents! The money was to be paid at discretion in large or small sums to her and her child.
"There was some nonsense about love between my brother and her," said the Mayor. "It's just as well she's out of the way. Now it will all come to the boy, and I'll place him with some honest people who will make him a good workman." And on these words our Lord laid his blessings.
And the Mayor sent for the boy, promised to take care of him, and told him it was a lucky thing his mother was dead; she was good for nothing.
They carried her to the churchyard, to a pauper's grave. Maren planted a little rose tree on her grave, while the boy stood beside her.
"My darling mother," he said as the tears started from his eyes. "Is it true that she was good for nothing?"
"No, it is not true!" said the old woman, looking up to heaven. "I have known it for many years and especially since the night before she died. I tell you she was a good and fine woman, and our Lord in heaven will say so, too, so let the world say: 'She was good for nothing!'"
- * * * *
Story DNA
Moral
True worth is often hidden from the world's judgment, and kindness and sacrifice, though unacknowledged, are blessed by a higher power.
Plot Summary
A poor washerwoman, constantly judged by the wealthy Mayor as 'good for nothing' for her occasional drink, struggles to provide for her son. Exhausted and ill, she recounts her past, revealing a tragic love affair with the Mayor's deceased brother, whom she sacrificed for social propriety, and her subsequent life of hardship after her husband's death. She dies from her toil, ironically just as a will reveals the Mayor's brother had left her money, a testament to their past. The Mayor, still oblivious to her true worth, dismisses her, but her loyal friend Maren ensures her son knows his mother was truly good.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to tragic resolution, with a glimmer of posthumous vindication
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Reflects the harsh realities of poverty and social judgment in 19th-century Europe, where a woman's reputation could be easily ruined, and class barriers were rigid. Alcoholism was a common social problem, often viewed with moral condemnation rather than understanding of underlying causes.
Plot Beats (13)
- The Mayor scolds the washerwoman's son, calling his mother 'good for nothing' for drinking a half-pint.
- The boy brings the drink to his mother, who is washing in the cold river, and she shares a small amount with him.
- Limping Maren, a friend, overhears the Mayor's judgment and relays it to the washerwoman, who is deeply affected.
- Maren informs the washerwoman that the Mayor's younger brother, whom the washerwoman knew, has died.
- The washerwoman collapses from illness and exhaustion, and Maren takes her home.
- Maren cares for the sick washerwoman, who, in a moment of vulnerability, recounts her past.
- The washerwoman reveals she was once in love with the Mayor's brother (the deceased), but his mother intervened due to class differences.
- She sacrificed her love, married a glovemaker, and endured hardship after his death, working tirelessly for her son.
- The next morning, the washerwoman returns to the river but collapses and dies in the cold water.
- Maren finds her dead, and the Mayor dismisses her death as a consequence of her 'drinking'.
- A letter reveals the Mayor's deceased brother left money to the washerwoman, acknowledging their past connection.
- The Mayor, still ignorant of her true story, takes the boy, stating his mother was 'good for nothing'.
- Maren plants a rose on the washerwoman's pauper's grave, reassuring the boy of his mother's goodness, despite the world's judgment.
Characters
The Washerwoman
Worn and tired, prematurely aged by hard labor and poverty
Attire: Simple, patched petticoat and straw mat tied around her waist for protection from the cold water, wooden shoes
Resilient, self-sacrificing, loving
The Boy
Pale and thin, but handsome
Attire: Poor but clean and neatly mended clothes, broken cap, heavy wooden shoes
Respectful, loving, vulnerable
The Mayor
Well-fed and self-satisfied
Attire: Dress shirt with a dainty breastpin, indicative of his status
Judgmental, hypocritical, callous
Limping Maren with the curl
Poorly clad and lame
Attire: Poorly clad, reflecting her own poverty
Kind, loyal, outspoken
The Mayor's Younger Brother
Implied to be handsome and kind in his youth
Attire: Not described
Kind, generous (as evidenced by his will)
Erik, the glovemaker
Not described
Attire: Not described
Honest, well-to-do, accepting
Locations
Mayor's Window
Open window of the Mayor's house, overlooking the street.
Mood: judgmental, authoritative
The Mayor berates the washerwoman's son.
River Washing Place
River with a strong current, washing stool in the water, straw mat around the washerwoman's waist.
Mood: harsh, unforgiving, desperate
The washerwoman struggles to wash clothes and asks her son for a drink.
Cobblestone Street in front of Mayor's House
Cobblestone street in front of the Mayor's house, where a crowd gathers.
Mood: public, judgmental
The washerwoman collapses and dies.
Pauper's Grave in Churchyard
A simple grave in the churchyard.
Mood: desolate, mournful
The washerwoman is buried, and her son mourns her.