The Happy Family
by Hans Christian Andersen · from Collected Fairy Tales
Adapted Version
Two special snails lived in a garden. Father-Snail and Mother-Snail lived there. Their home was a big burdock forest. They thought the forest was for them. Their group was very old. They had a very special honor.
They adopted a little snail. His name was Little Snail. Mother-Snail loved him very much. She said, "He grows bigger each day!" Father-Snail felt his shell. He agreed.
One day, rain fell on the leaves. Mother-Snail asked, "What is outside?" She wanted the honor. Father-Snail was happy at home. He said, "Our home is the best." He saw Little Snail move slowly.
Mother-Snail thought about Little Snail. She said, "He needs a wife." "Find a nice snail for him." She cared for him much.
They asked a small gnat. "Find a nice snail wife," they said. The gnat flew away. It found a small snail. She had a house. She lived on a bush. The gnat brought her to the forest. She moved slowly. This showed she was good.
They had a happy wedding. Glow-worms gave light. Mother-Snail made a speech. Father-Snail was happy too. The old snails gave the forest. It was for Little Snail and Lady-Snail. "This is your home," they said. "Know the very special honor."
The old snails went to sleep. They rested always in their shells. Little Snail and Lady-Snail lived in the forest. They had many baby snails. The young snails stayed safe at home. They thought the world outside was gone. The rain played drums for them. The sun made colors for them. All the snails were very happy. They believed they were the luckiest.
Original Story
The happy family
A fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen
The largest green leaf in this country is certainly the burdock-leaf. If you hold it in front of you, it is large enough for an apron; and if you hold it over your head, it is almost as good as an umbrella, it is so wonderfully large. A burdock never grows alone; where it grows, there are many more, and it is a splendid sight; and all this splendor is good for snails. The great white snails, which grand people in olden times used to have made into fricassees; and when they had eaten them, they would say, "O, what a delicious dish!" for these people really thought them good; and these snails lived on burdock-leaves, and for them the burdock was planted.
There was once an old estate where no one now lived to require snails; indeed, the owners had all died out, but the burdock still flourished; it grew over all the beds and walks of the garden– its growth had no check– till it became at last quite a forest of burdocks. Here and there stood an apple or a plum-tree; but for this, nobody would have thought the place had ever been a garden. It was burdock from one end to the other; and here lived the last two surviving snails.
They knew not themselves how old they were; but they could remember the time when there were a great many more of them, and that they were descended from a family which came from foreign lands, and that the whole forest had been planted for them and theirs. They had never been away from the garden; but they knew that another place once existed in the world, called the Duke's Palace Castle, in which some of their relations had been boiled till they became black, and were then laid on a silver dish; but what was done afterwards they did not know. Besides, they could not imagine exactly how it felt to be boiled and placed on a silver dish; but no doubt it was something very fine and highly genteel. Neither the cockchafer, nor the toad, nor the earth-worm, whom they questioned about it, would give them the least information; for none of their relations had ever been cooked or served on a silver dish.
The old white snails were the most aristocratic race in the world,– they knew that. The forest had been planted for them, and the nobleman's castle had been built entirely that they might be cooked and laid on silver dishes.
They lived quite retired and very happily; and as they had no children of their own, they had adopted a little common snail, which they brought up as their own child. The little one would not grow, for he was only a common snail; but the old people, particularly the mother-snail, declared that she could easily see how he grew; and when the father said he could not perceive it, she begged him to feel the little snail's shell, and he did so, and found that the mother was right.
One day it rained very fast.
"Listen, what a drumming there is on the burdock-leaves; turn, turn, turn; turn, turn, turn," said the father-snail.
"There come the drops," said the mother; "they are trickling down the stalks. We shall have it very wet here presently. I am very glad we have such good houses, and that the little one has one of his own. There has been really more done for us than for any other creature; it is quite plain that we are the most noble people in the world. We have houses from our birth, and the burdock forest has been planted for us. I should very much like to know how far it extends, and what lies beyond it."
"There can be nothing better than we have here," said the father-snail; "I wish for nothing more."
"Yes, but I do," said the mother; "I should like to be taken to the palace, and boiled, and laid upon a silver dish, as was done to all our ancestors; and you may be sure it must be something very uncommon."
"The nobleman's castle, perhaps, has fallen to decay," said the snail-father, "or the burdock wood may have grown out. You need not be in a hurry; you are always so impatient, and the youngster is getting just the same. He has been three days creeping to the top of that stalk. I feel quite giddy when I look at him."
"You must not scold him," said the mother-snail; "he creeps so very carefully. He will be the joy of our home; and we old folks have nothing else to live for. But have you ever thought where we are to get a wife for him? Do you think that farther out in the wood there may be others of our race?"
"There may be black snails, no doubt," said the old snail; "black snails without houses; but they are so vulgar and conceited too. But we can give the ants a commission; they run here and there, as if they all had so much business to get through. They, most likely, will know of a wife for our youngster."
"I certainly know a most beautiful bride," said one of the ants; "but I fear it would not do, for she is a queen."
"That does not matter," said the old snail; "has she a house?"
"She has a palace," replied the ant,– "a most beautiful ant-palace with seven hundred passages."
"Thank-you," said the mother-snail; "but our boy shall not go to live in an ant-hill. If you know of nothing better, we will give the commission to the white gnats; they fly about in rain and sunshine; they know the burdock wood from one end to the other."
"We have a wife for him," said the gnats; "a hundred man-steps from here there is a little snail with a house, sitting on a gooseberry-bush; she is quite alone, and old enough to be married. It is only a hundred man-steps from here."
"Then let her come to him," said the old people. "He has the whole burdock forest; she has only a bush."
So they brought the little lady-snail. She took eight days to perform the journey; but that was just as it ought to be; for it showed her to be one of the right breeding.
And then they had a wedding. Six glow-worms gave as much light as they could; but in other respects it was all very quiet; for the old snails could not bear festivities or a crowd. But a beautiful speech was made by the mother-snail. The father could not speak; he was too much overcome. Then they gave the whole burdock forest to the young snails as an inheritance, and repeated what they had so often said, that it was the finest place in the world, and that if they led upright and honorable lives, and their family increased, they and their children might some day be taken to the nobleman's palace, to be boiled black, and laid on a silver dish.
And when they had finished speaking, the old couple crept into their houses, and came out no more; for they slept. The young snail pair now ruled in the forest, and had a numerous progeny. But as the young ones were never boiled or laid in silver dishes, they concluded that the castle had fallen into decay, and that all the people in the world were dead; and as nobody contradicted them, they thought they must be right. And the rain fell upon the burdock-leaves, to play the drum for them, and the sun shone to paint colors on the burdock forest for them, and they were very happy; the whole family were entirely and perfectly happy.
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Story DNA
Moral
Ignorance, even when based on absurd beliefs, can lead to a profound sense of happiness and contentment.
Plot Summary
In an overgrown garden now a burdock forest, two ancient, aristocratic snails live in blissful ignorance, believing the world was created for them and their ultimate destiny is to be boiled and served on a silver dish. They adopt a common snail, find him a suitable noble bride, and pass on their deluded beliefs and the burdock forest as an inheritance. The old snails die, and the young couple, never experiencing their 'noble' fate, conclude the outside world must have perished, reinforcing their profound happiness within their limited, self-contained existence.
Themes
Emotional Arc
contentment to deeper contentment
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Andersen often used animal fables to subtly critique human society and its follies, particularly class distinctions and self-importance. The 'fricassee' of snails was a real, albeit niche, delicacy in some European aristocratic circles.
Plot Beats (15)
- Introduction of the burdock leaf and its importance to snails, particularly the large white snails.
- Description of an old, overgrown estate now a burdock forest, home to the last two aristocratic snails.
- The old snails reflect on their lineage, their belief that the forest was planted for them, and the 'honor' of their ancestors being boiled and served at a Duke's Palace.
- They live happily, having adopted a common snail, whom the mother-snail insists is growing and noble.
- During a rain shower, the mother-snail expresses curiosity about the world beyond the burdock forest and a desire for the 'noble' fate of being boiled.
- The father-snail dismisses her curiosity, content with their current situation, and expresses concern about their adopted son's slow movement.
- The mother-snail suggests finding a wife for their son, wondering if other noble snails exist in the wider world.
- They consult an ant, who suggests a 'queen' ant, but the snails reject her for not having a shell.
- They consult gnats, who report a suitable snail bride with a house, living on a gooseberry bush, a 'hundred man-steps' away.
- The old snails arrange for the bride to be brought to their son, noting her slow journey as a sign of good breeding.
- A quiet wedding takes place, lit by glow-worms, where the mother-snail gives a speech.
- The old snails bequeath the burdock forest to the young couple, reiterating their belief in the noble destiny of being boiled and served.
- The old snails retreat into their shells and die, leaving the young couple to rule the forest.
- The young snails produce many offspring, and since none are ever boiled, they conclude the outside world and the castle must have perished.
- The family lives in complete happiness, believing themselves to be the most noble and fortunate creatures, with nature itself celebrating them.
Characters
Father-Snail
Large, white
Attire: Snail shell
Content, cautious
Mother-Snail
Large, white
Attire: Snail shell
Ambitious, impatient
Little Snail
Small, common
Attire: Snail shell
Careful
Lady-Snail
Small, with a house
Attire: Snail shell
Well-bred
Locations
Burdock Forest
A dense overgrowth of enormous burdock leaves covering an old estate's garden, with a few apple and plum trees scattered among the weeds.
Mood: overgrown, secluded, self-contained
The snails live out their entire lives, the wedding takes place, and the new generation inherits the forest.
Snail House
The interior of the snail's shell, providing shelter from the rain and a place to sleep.
Mood: safe, secure, private
The old snails retreat into their houses to sleep and die.
Gooseberry Bush
A single gooseberry bush, isolated enough that a snail lives there alone.
Mood: lonely, isolated
The location of the bride-to-be.