The Swineherd

by Hans Christian Andersen · from Collected Fairy Tales

fairy tale moral tale satirical Ages 8-14 1495 words 7 min read
Cover: The Swineherd

Adapted Version

CEFR A1 Age 5 330 words 2 min Canon 95/100

Once, a kind Prince lived. He wanted to marry a Princess. The Prince asked the Princess. He wanted to marry her.

The Prince sent two special gifts. He sent a pretty rose. It smelled very sweet. He sent a little bird. It sang a sweet song.

The Princess did not like the gifts. "They are just real!" she said. She liked shiny toys. She did not want to see the Prince.

The Prince was not sad. He put dirt on his face. He wore old clothes. He became a pig keeper. He got a job. He cared for pigs.

The Prince made a magic pot. It made a pretty sound. It showed all the food. The Princess heard the sound. She wanted the pot.

The pig keeper asked for ten silly secret words. The Princess said, "No!" She wanted the pot. So she gave ten silly secret words.

The Princess loved the pot. She knew all the food. The Prince made a magic rattle. It played happy songs. The Princess heard it.

The Princess wanted the rattle very much. The pig keeper asked for silly secret words. He asked for a hundred.

The Princess agreed. She gave more silly words. She wanted the rattle.

The King saw the silly games. He became very angry. He told the Princess to leave. He told the pig keeper to leave. They left the palace.

The Princess was very sad. She cried. She wished she married the Prince.

The pig keeper washed his face. He took off old clothes. He wore royal robes. He looked like a real Prince.

The Prince looked at the Princess. He said, "You did not like my gifts. You liked silly toys. True goodness is not a toy. It is in nature. It is in kindness. You did not see what was truly special."

The Prince went back to his home. The Princess was very sad. She learned a big lesson. True goodness is special. Silly toys are not.

Original Story 1495 words · 7 min read

The swineherd

A fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen

There was once a poor Prince, who had a kingdom. His kingdom was very small, but still quite large enough to marry upon; and he wished to marry.

It was certainly rather cool of him to say to the Emperor's daughter, "Will you have me?" But so he did; for his name was renowned far and wide; and there were a hundred princesses who would have answered, "Yes!" and "Thank you kindly." We shall see what this princess said.

Listen!

It happened that where the Prince's father lay buried, there grew a rose tree--a most beautiful rose tree, which blossomed only once in every five years, and even then bore only one flower, but that was a rose! It smelt so sweet that all cares and sorrows were forgotten by him who inhaled its fragrance.

And furthermore, the Prince had a nightingale, who could sing in such a manner that it seemed as though all sweet melodies dwelt in her little throat. So the Princess was to have the rose, and the nightingale; and they were accordingly put into large silver caskets, and sent to her.

The Emperor had them brought into a large hall, where the Princess was playing at "Visiting," with the ladies of the court; and when she saw the caskets with the presents, she clapped her hands for joy.

"Ah, if it were but a little pussy-cat!" said she; but the rose tree, with its beautiful rose came to view.

"Oh, how prettily it is made!" said all the court ladies.

"It is more than pretty," said the Emperor, "it is charming!"

But the Princess touched it, and was almost ready to cry.

"Fie, papa!" said she. "It is not made at all, it is natural!"

"Let us see what is in the other casket, before we get into a bad humor," said the Emperor. So the nightingale came forth and sang so delightfully that at first no one could say anything ill-humored of her.

"Superbe! Charmant!" exclaimed the ladies; for they all used to chatter French, each one worse than her neighbor.

"How much the bird reminds me of the musical box that belonged to our blessed Empress," said an old knight. "Oh yes! These are the same tones, the same execution."

"Yes! yes!" said the Emperor, and he wept like a child at the remembrance.

"I will still hope that it is not a real bird," said the Princess.

"Yes, it is a real bird," said those who had brought it. "Well then let the bird fly," said the Princess; and she positively refused to see the Prince.

However, he was not to be discouraged; he daubed his face over brown and black; pulled his cap over his ears, and knocked at the door.

"Good day to my lord, the Emperor!" said he. "Can I have employment at the palace?"

"Why, yes," said the Emperor. "I want some one to take care of the pigs, for we have a great many of them."

So the Prince was appointed "Imperial Swineherd." He had a dirty little room close by the pigsty; and there he sat the whole day, and worked. By the evening he had made a pretty little kitchen-pot. Little bells were hung all round it; and when the pot was boiling, these bells tinkled in the most charming manner, and played the old melody,

"Ach! du lieber Augustin,

Alles ist weg, weg, weg!"*

  • "Ah! dear Augustine!

All is gone, gone, gone!"

But what was still more curious, whoever held his finger in the smoke of the kitchen-pot, immediately smelt all the dishes that were cooking on every hearth in the city--this, you see, was something quite different from the rose.

Now the Princess happened to walk that way; and when she heard the tune, she stood quite still, and seemed pleased; for she could play "Lieber Augustine"; it was the only piece she knew; and she played it with one finger.

"Why there is my piece," said the Princess. "That swineherd must certainly have been well educated! Go in and ask him the price of the instrument."

So one of the court-ladies must run in; however, she drew on wooden slippers first.

"What will you take for the kitchen-pot?" said the lady.

"I will have ten kisses from the Princess," said the swineherd.

"Yes, indeed!" said the lady.

"I cannot sell it for less," rejoined the swineherd.

"He is an impudent fellow!" said the Princess, and she walked on; but when she had gone a little way, the bells tinkled so prettily

"Ach! du lieber Augustin,

Alles ist weg, weg, weg!"

"Stay," said the Princess. "Ask him if he will have ten kisses from the ladies of my court."

"No, thank you!" said the swineherd. "Ten kisses from the Princess, or I keep the kitchen-pot myself."

"That must not be, either!" said the Princess. "But do you all stand before me that no one may see us."

And the court-ladies placed themselves in front of her, and spread out their dresses--the swineherd got ten kisses, and the Princess--the kitchen-pot.

That was delightful! The pot was boiling the whole evening, and the whole of the following day. They knew perfectly well what was cooking at every fire throughout the city, from the chamberlain's to the cobbler's; the court-ladies danced and clapped their hands.

"We know who has soup, and who has pancakes for dinner to-day, who has cutlets, and who has eggs. How interesting!"

"Yes, but keep my secret, for I am an Emperor's daughter."

The swineherd--that is to say--the Prince, for no one knew that he was other than an ill-favored swineherd, let not a day pass without working at something; he at last constructed a rattle, which, when it was swung round, played all the waltzes and jig tunes, which have ever been heard since the creation of the world.

"Ah, that is superbe!" said the Princess when she passed by. "I have never heard prettier compositions! Go in and ask him the price of the instrument; but mind, he shall have no more kisses!"

"He will have a hundred kisses from the Princess!" said the lady who had been to ask.

"I think he is not in his right senses!" said the Princess, and walked on, but when she had gone a little way, she stopped again. "One must encourage art," said she, "I am the Emperor's daughter. Tell him he shall, as on yesterday, have ten kisses from me, and may take the rest from the ladies of the court."

"Oh--but we should not like that at all!" said they. "What are you muttering?" asked the Princess. "If I can kiss him, surely you can. Remember that you owe everything to me." So the ladies were obliged to go to him again.

"A hundred kisses from the Princess," said he, "or else let everyone keep his own!"

"Stand round!" said she; and all the ladies stood round her whilst the kissing was going on.

"What can be the reason for such a crowd close by the pigsty?" said the Emperor, who happened just then to step out on the balcony; he rubbed his eyes, and put on his spectacles. "They are the ladies of the court; I must go down and see what they are about!" So he pulled up his slippers at the heel, for he had trodden them down.

As soon as he had got into the court-yard, he moved very softly, and the ladies were so much engrossed with counting the kisses, that all might go on fairly, that they did not perceive the Emperor. He rose on his tiptoes.

"What is all this?" said he, when he saw what was going on, and he boxed the Princess's ears with his slipper, just as the swineherd was taking the eighty-sixth kiss.

"March out!" said the Emperor, for he was very angry; and both Princess and swineherd were thrust out of the city.

The Princess now stood and wept, the swineherd scolded, and the rain poured down.

"Alas! Unhappy creature that I am!" said the Princess. "If I had but married the handsome young Prince! Ah! how unfortunate I am!"

And the swineherd went behind a tree, washed the black and brown color from his face, threw off his dirty clothes, and stepped forth in his princely robes; he looked so noble that the Princess could not help bowing before him.

"I am come to despise thee," said he. "Thou would'st not have an honorable Prince! Thou could'st not prize the rose and the nightingale, but thou wast ready to kiss the swineherd for the sake of a trumpery plaything. Thou art rightly served."

He then went back to his own little kingdom, and shut the door of his palace in her face. Now she might well sing,

"Ach! du lieber Augustin,

Alles ist weg, weg, weg!"

  •     *     *     *     *

Story DNA

Moral

True value lies not in superficial appearances or material possessions, but in genuine qualities and natural beauty, and those who cannot discern this will face the consequences of their vanity.

Plot Summary

A poor but noble Prince proposes to a vain Princess, sending her gifts of a magical rose and nightingale, which she rejects as 'natural' and not 'made.' Disguising himself as a swineherd, the Prince creates magical toys—a pot that reveals city smells and a rattle that plays all dances—which he trades to the Princess for increasing numbers of kisses. The Emperor discovers the Princess kissing the swineherd and banishes them both. The Prince then reveals his true identity, chastising the Princess for her superficiality and inability to appreciate true worth, before abandoning her to her fate.

Themes

vanity vs. true worthmaterialism vs. natural beautyhumility and prideconsequences of superficiality

Emotional Arc

pride to humility

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: irony, direct address to reader, repetition of a song lyric

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: magical rose (blooms once every five years, unique fragrance), magical nightingale (sings all sweet melodies), magical kitchen-pot (tinkling bells, reveals all cooking smells), magical rattle (plays all waltzes and jigs)
the rose and nightingale (representing natural beauty and true worth)the kitchen-pot and rattle (representing superficial, man-made entertainment)the swineherd's disguise (representing hidden worth and humility)

Cultural Context

Origin: Danish
Era: timeless fairy tale

Andersen often critiqued societal vanity and superficiality prevalent in his time, particularly among the upper classes. The use of a German folk song adds a touch of commonality against the aristocratic setting.

Plot Beats (14)

  1. A poor Prince, renowned for his name, decides to propose to an Emperor's daughter.
  2. He sends her two precious, natural gifts: a magical rose that blooms once every five years and a nightingale with a beautiful song.
  3. The Princess and her court ladies dismiss the gifts as 'natural' and not 'made,' preferring artificial toys, and she refuses to see the Prince.
  4. Undeterred, the Prince disguises himself as a swineherd, dirties his face, and seeks employment at the Emperor's palace, getting the job of tending pigs.
  5. He crafts a magical kitchen-pot that tinkles a tune and reveals what's cooking in every home, which the Princess desires.
  6. The swineherd demands ten kisses from the Princess for the pot; after initial refusal, she agrees, having her ladies shield her.
  7. The Princess and her ladies enjoy the pot, learning city gossip, but the swineherd then creates a magical rattle that plays all known waltzes and jigs.
  8. The Princess desires the rattle, and the swineherd demands a hundred kisses from her.
  9. The Princess again agrees, forcing her ladies to participate in the shielding, while the swineherd collects the kisses.
  10. The Emperor discovers the kissing scene by the pigsty, becomes enraged, and banishes both the Princess and the swineherd from the city.
  11. The Princess weeps over her misfortune, lamenting not marrying the handsome Prince.
  12. The swineherd washes off his disguise, revealing his princely robes and noble appearance.
  13. The Prince scolds the Princess for rejecting true beauty and worth for 'trumpery playthings' and for her superficiality.
  14. The Prince returns to his kingdom, shutting the door on the disgraced Princess, leaving her to her fate.

Characters

👤

Prince

human young adult male

Handsome, noble

Attire: Initially princely robes, later disguised in dirty swineherd's clothes, finally back in princely robes

Sudden transformation from dirty swineherd to handsome prince

Resourceful, persistent, ultimately judgmental and proud

👤

Princess

human young adult female

Not explicitly described, but implied to be beautiful due to her status

Attire: Elegant princess gowns, jewelry, and accessories appropriate for court

Being boxed on the ears with a slipper by her father

Shallow, materialistic, easily amused by trinkets, spoiled

👤

Emperor

human adult male

Royal bearing, wears spectacles

Attire: Emperor's robes and slippers

Rubbing his eyes and putting on his spectacles to investigate the commotion

Easily swayed, sentimental, prone to outbursts of anger

🐾

Nightingale

animal ageless unknown

Small bird with a beautiful voice

Attire: Natural feathers

Singing beautifully from a silver casket

Melodious, captivating

Locations

Prince's Father's Grave

outdoor

A rose tree grows here, blossoming only once every five years and bearing a single, fragrant rose.

Mood: magical, sorrowful

The source of the magical rose that the Prince sends to the Princess.

rose tree single rose grave

Emperor's Hall

indoor

A large hall where the Princess plays 'Visiting' with her court ladies.

Mood: formal, frivolous

The Princess receives the Prince's gifts and rejects them.

large hall silver caskets court ladies

Swineherd's Room by the Pigsty

indoor day

A dirty, small room located next to the pigsty.

Mood: desolate, humble

The Prince, disguised as a swineherd, creates magical items to win the Princess's affection.

pigsty kitchen-pot bells

Courtyard by the Pigsty

outdoor

Area outside the pigsty where the Princess and her ladies gather to kiss the swineherd.

Mood: secretive, foolish

The Princess is caught kissing the swineherd by her father and banished.

pigsty court ladies Emperor's balcony

Outside the City Gates

transitional rainy

The area just outside the city gates where the Princess and swineherd are banished.

Mood: desolate, remorseful

The Prince reveals his true identity and rejects the Princess.

city gates tree rain