The Wicked Prince

by Hans Christian Andersen · from Collected Fairy Tales

fairy tale cautionary tale solemn Ages 8-14 998 words 5 min read
Cover: The Wicked Prince

Adapted Version

CEFR A1 Age 5 312 words 2 min Canon 100/100

Once there was a prince who was very, very proud. He wanted to be the boss of everything! The Proud Prince took many places. He had much gold. He was very strong.

He built big, tall palaces. He made Other Kings do what he wanted. They had to kneel to him. He liked being strong. He felt very mighty.

The Proud Prince wanted more power. He wanted to be stronger than the sky. Priests said no to his statue. He said, "I will be boss of the heavens!"

He made a very big flying ship. It was shiny and colorful. It flew high, high up. It went towards the sun.

A bright Sky Angel came. It had shining wings. The Proud Prince threw little stones. The stones hit the wings. They fell down. The angel was safe.

A tiny drop of light fell. It came from the angel. It hit the big ship. The ship fell down, down. It crashed into a tree.

The Proud Prince did not learn. He wanted to try again. He built more big ships. He gathered many people. He wanted to boss the heavens.

He was ready to go. Then tiny, tiny bugs came. Many little bugs flew.

The tiny bugs bit the prince. They bothered him much. He tried to wave them away. He hit only air. He could not catch them.

He hid under blankets. He wanted to escape the bugs. He thought he was safe.

One Tiny Bug went inside. It bit his ear. It hurt him very much! The prince felt pain.

The prince felt very silly. He jumped and danced. His soldiers watched him. They smiled at him. He was not proud now.

The Proud Prince learned a lesson. It is not good to be too proud. Even a tiny bug can be very strong. We are not the boss of everything.

Original Story 998 words · 5 min read

The wicked prince

A fairy tale by Hans Christian Andersen

There lived once upon a time a wicked prince whose heart and mind were set upon conquering all the countries of the world, and on frightening the people; he devastated their countries with fire and sword, and his soldiers trod down the crops in the fields and destroyed the peasants' huts by fire, so that the flames licked the green leaves off the branches, and the fruit hung dried up on the singed black trees. Many a poor mother fled, her naked baby in her arms, behind the still smoking walls of her cottage; but also there the soldiers followed her, and when they found her, she served as new nourishment to their diabolical enjoyments; demons could not possibly have done worse things than these soldiers! The prince was of opinion that all this was right, and that it was only the natural course which things ought to take. His power increased day by day, his name was feared by all, and fortune favoured his deeds. He brought enormous wealth home from the conquered towns, and gradually accumulated in his residence riches which could nowhere be equalled. He erected magnificent palaces, churches, and halls, and all who saw these splendid buildings and great treasures exclaimed admiringly: "What a mighty prince!" But they did not know what endless misery he had brought upon other countries, nor did they hear the sighs and lamentations which rose up from the debris of the destroyed cities.

The prince often looked with delight upon his gold and his magnificent edifices, and thought, like the crowd: "What a mighty prince! But I must have more– much more. No power on earth must equal mine, far less exceed it." He made war with all his neighbours, and defeated them. The conquered kings were chained up with golden fetters to his chariot when he drove through the streets of his city. These kings had to kneel at his and his courtiers' feet when they sat at table, and live on the morsels which they left.

At last the prince had his own statue erected on the public places and fixed on the royal palaces; nay, he even wished it to be placed in the churches, on the altars, but in this the priests opposed him, saying: "Prince, you are mighty indeed, but God's power is much greater than yours; we dare not obey your orders."

"Well," said the prince. "Then I will conquer God too." And in his haughtiness and foolish presumption he ordered a magnificent ship to be constructed, with which he could sail through the air; it was gorgeously fitted out and of many colours; like the tail of a peacock, it was covered with thousands of eyes, but each eye was the barrel of a gun. The prince sat in the centre of the ship, and had only to touch a spring in order to make thousands of bullets fly out in all directions, while the guns were at once loaded again. Hundreds of eagles were attached to this ship, and it rose with the swiftness of an arrow up towards the sun. The earth was soon left far below, and looked, with its mountains and woods, like a cornfield where the plough had made furrows which separated green meadows; soon it looked only like a map with indistinct lines upon it; and at last it entirely disappeared in mist and clouds. Higher and higher rose the eagles up into the air; then God sent one of his numberless angels against the ship. The wicked prince showered thousands of bullets upon him, but they rebounded from his shining wings and fell down like ordinary hailstones. One drop of blood, one single drop, came out of the white feathers of the angel's wings and fell upon the ship in which the prince sat, burnt into it, and weighed upon it like thousands of hundredweights, dragging it rapidly down to the earth again; the strong wings of the eagles gave way, the wind roared round the prince's head, and the clouds around– were they formed by the smoke rising up from the burnt cities?– took strange shapes, like crabs many, many miles long, which stretched their claws out after him, and rose up like enormous rocks, from which rolling masses dashed down, and became fire-spitting dragons. The prince was lying half-dead in his ship, when it sank at last with a terrible shock into the branches of a large tree in the wood.

"I will conquer God!" said the prince. "I have sworn it: my will must be done!" And he spent seven years in the construction of wonderful ships to sail through the air, and had darts cast from the hardest steel to break the walls of heaven with. He gathered warriors from all countries, so many that when they were placed side by side they covered the space of several miles. They entered the ships and the prince was approaching his own, when God sent a swarm of gnats– one swarm of little gnats. They buzzed round the prince and stung his face and hands; angrily he drew his sword and brandished it, but he only touched the air and did not hit the gnats. Then he ordered his servants to bring costly coverings and wrap him in them, that the gnats might no longer be able to reach him. The servants carried out his orders, but one single gnat had placed itself inside one of the coverings, crept into the prince's ear and stung him. The place burnt like fire, and the poison entered into his blood. Mad with pain, he tore off the coverings and his clothes too, flinging them far away, and danced about before the eyes of his ferocious soldiers, who now mocked at him, the mad prince, who wished to make war with God, and was overcome by a single little gnat.

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Story DNA

Moral

Unchecked ambition and pride, especially when directed against divine power, will inevitably lead to a humiliating downfall.

Plot Summary

A wicked prince conquers and devastates nations, accumulating vast wealth and power, driven by insatiable ambition. When priests refuse to place his statue on altars, he declares war on God, building a magnificent airship to attack heaven. An angel's single drop of blood forces his ship to crash, but undeterred, he prepares a second, larger assault. Before he can launch, God sends a swarm of gnats, one of which stings him, driving him mad with pain and humiliation before his own mocking soldiers.

Themes

hubrisdivine retributionthe corrupting nature of powerthe futility of human ambition against divine will

Emotional Arc

pride to humiliation

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: lush
Techniques: vivid imagery of destruction and suffering, contrast between human perception and reality, symbolic actions

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs supernatural
Ending: moral justice
Magic: airship capable of reaching the sun, angel with shining wings and potent blood, divine intervention (angel, gnats)
the airship (human hubris and technological ambition)the angel's blood (divine power and judgment)the gnat (the insignificance of human power against divine will)

Cultural Context

Origin: Danish
Era: timeless fairy tale

Andersen's tales often reflect 19th-century European Christian morality and societal structures, where the idea of challenging divine authority was a profound transgression.

Plot Beats (12)

  1. A wicked prince devastates countries, accumulating wealth and power, believing his actions are righteous.
  2. He builds magnificent structures and forces conquered kings into servitude, reveling in his might.
  3. His ambition grows, and he decides to conquer God after priests refuse to place his statue on altars.
  4. He commissions a grand, weaponized airship and flies it towards the sun.
  5. An angel appears, deflecting the prince's bullets with its wings.
  6. A single drop of the angel's blood falls on the ship, causing it to plummet back to Earth, crashing into a tree.
  7. Unrepentant, the prince vows again to conquer God and spends seven years preparing a new, larger assault with more ships and a vast army.
  8. As he is about to lead his army, God sends a swarm of gnats.
  9. The gnats sting the prince, and he angrily tries to fight them with his sword, hitting only air.
  10. He orders himself to be wrapped in coverings to escape the gnats.
  11. A single gnat gets inside the coverings and stings him in the ear, causing excruciating pain and poisoning his blood.
  12. Driven mad, the prince tears off his clothes and dances wildly, becoming a spectacle of humiliation for his own soldiers.

Characters

👤

The Wicked Prince

human adult male

Not explicitly described, but implied to be physically fit and imposing due to his warrior status.

Attire: Ornate royal attire, including jeweled crown, velvet robes trimmed with fur, and polished armor for battle.

Brandishing a sword while standing on his elaborate airship

Arrogant, cruel, ambitious

👤

The Conquered Kings

human adult male

Varied, reflecting different conquered lands; generally worn and humiliated.

Attire: Tattered remnants of their former royal attire, golden fetters.

Kneeling in golden fetters at the prince's feet

Defeated, humiliated, resentful

✦

God's Angel

magical creature ageless unknown

Shining wings, radiant and ethereal.

Attire: White, flowing robes.

A single drop of blood falling from a white feather

Unyielding, powerful, divine

🐾

The Gnat

animal adult unknown

Small, insignificant-looking.

A tiny gnat disappearing into the prince's ear

Persistent, deadly (in this context), an instrument of divine justice

Locations

Burning Villages

outdoor varies, implied to be seasons when crops are growing

Villages devastated by fire and sword, peasants' huts destroyed, flames licking the green leaves off the branches, fruit dried up on singed black trees, smoking walls

Mood: desolate, terrifying, miserable

The prince's initial acts of conquest and cruelty are shown here.

burning huts singed trees naked babies smoking walls soldiers

The Prince's Residence

indoor irrelevant

Magnificent palaces, churches, and halls filled with enormous wealth and great treasures

Mood: opulent, impressive, deceptive

Illustrates the prince's power and wealth gained through conquest.

gold palaces churches statues golden fetters

The Aerial Ship

transitional day clear, sunny

A gorgeously fitted out ship of many colours, like the tail of a peacock, covered with thousands of eyes (gun barrels), hundreds of eagles attached

Mood: haughty, ambitious, doomed

The prince's attempt to conquer God and his subsequent downfall.

eagles gun barrels peacock tail bullets clouds

Tree in the Wood

outdoor

A large tree in the wood where the aerial ship crashes

Mood: eerie, destructive

The aerial ship crashes here.

tree branches wreckage of the ship half-dead prince