Alyósha Popóvich
by Alexander Afanasyev

Alyósha Popóvich In the sky the young bright moon was being born, and on the earth, of the old prebendary, the old pope León, a son was born, a mighty knight, and he was called by name Alyósha Popóvich, a fair name for him. When they began to feed Alyósha, what was a week’s food for any other babe was a day’s food for him, what was a year’s food for others was a week’s food for him. Alyósha began going about the streets and playing with the young boys. If he touched the little hand of anyone, that hand was gone: if he touched the little nose of anyone, that nose was done for: his play was insatiate and terrible. Anyone he grappled with by the waist, he slew. And Alyósha began to grow up, so he asked his mother and father for their blessing, for he wished to go and to fare into the open field. His father said to him, “Alyósha Popóvich, you are faring into the open field, but we have yet one who is even mightier than you: do you take into your service Marýshko, the son of Parán.” So the two youths mounted their good horses and they fared forth into the open field. The dust rose behind them like a column, such doughty youths were they to behold. So the two doughty youths went on to the court of Prince Vladímir. And Alyósha Popóvich went straight to the white stone palace, to Prince Vladímir, crossed himself as is befitting, bowed down in learned-wise in all four directions, and especially low to Prince Vladímir. Prince Vladímir came to meet the doughty youths and set them down at an oaken table, gave the doughty youths good food and drink, and then asked their news. And the doughty youths sat down to eat baked gingerbread and to drink strong wines. Then Prince Vladímir asked the doughty youths, “Who are ye, doughty youths? Are ye mighty knights of prowess or wandering wayfarers bearing your burdens? I do not know either your name or your companion’s name.” So Alyósha Popóvich answered, “I am the son of the old prebendary León, his young son Alyósha Popóvich, and my comrade and servant is Marýshko, the son of Parán.” And when Alyósha had eaten and drunk he went and sat on the brick stove to rest from the midday heat, whilst Marýshko sat at the table. Just at that time the knight, the Snake’s son, was making a raid and was ravaging all the kingdom of Prince Vladímir. Túgarin Zmyéyevich[26] came to the white stone palace, came to Prince Vladímir. With his left leg he stepped on the threshold and with his right leg on the oaken table. He drank and ate and had conversation with the princess, and he mocked Prince Vladímir and reviled him. He put one round of bread to his cheek and piled one on another; on his tongue he put an entire swan, and he thrust off all the pastry and swallowed it all at a gulp. Alyósha Popóvich was lying on the brick stove, and spake in this wise to Túgarin Zmyéyevich: “My old father, León the pope, had a little cow which was a great glutton: it used to eat up all the beer vats with all the lees; and then the little cow, the glutton, came to the lake, and it drank and lapped all the water out of the lake, took it all up and it burst, and so it would also have torn Túgarin to bits after his feed.” Then Túgarin was wroth with Alyósha Popóvich and burst on him with his steel knife. Alyósha turned aside and stood behind an oaken column. Then Alyósha spoke in this wise: “I thank you, Túgarin Zmyéyevich; you have given me a steel knife: I will break your white breast, I will put out your clear eyes, and I will behold your mettlesome heart.” Just at that time Marýshko Paránov leapt out from behind the table, the oaken table, on to his swift feet, seized Túgarin, and fell on his back and threw him over; lifted up one of the chairs and hurled in the white stone palace, and the glass windows were shattered. Then Alyósha Popóvich said from the brick stove, “O Marýshko, son of Parán, thou hast been a faithful servant!” And Marýshko the son of Parán answered, “Do you give me, Alyósha Popóvich, your steel knife, and I will break open the white breast of Túgarin Zmyéyevich, I will close his clear eyes, and I will gaze on his mettlesome heart.” But Alyósha answered, “Hail, Marýshko Paránov, do you not sully the white stone palace; let him go into the open field wherever he may, and we will meet him to-morrow in the open field.” So, in the morning early, very early, Marýshko the son of Parán arose, together with the little sun, and he led out the stout horses to water them in the swift stream. Túgarin Zmyéyevich flew into the open and challenged Alyósha Popóvich to fight him in the open field. And Marýshko Paránov came to Alyósha Popóvich and said: “God must be your judge, Alyósha Popóvich: you would not give me your steel knife; I should have carved out the white breast from that pagan thief, should have gouged out his bright eyes, and I should have taken out his mettlesome heart and gazed on it. Now, what will you make of Túgarin? He is flying about in the open.” Then Alyósha Popóvich spake in this wise: “That was no service, but treachery.” So Alyósha led out his horse, saddled it with a Circassian saddle, fastened it on with twelve silken girths, not for the sake of decoration, but for the sake of strength. Alyósha set out into the open field, and he saw Túgarin Zmyéyevich, who was flying in the open. Then Alyósha made a prayer: “Holy Mother of God, do thou punish the black traitor, and grant out of the black cloud a thick gritty rain that shall damp Túgarin’s light wings, and he may fall on the grey earth and stand on the open field!” It was like two mountains falling on each other when Túgarin and Alyósha met. They fought with their clubs, and their clubs were shattered at the hilts. Their lances met, and their lances broke into shreds. Then Alyósha Popóvich got down from his saddle like a sheaf of oats, and Túgarin Zmyéyevich was almost striking Alyósha down. But Alyósha Popóvich was cautious. He stood between his horse’s feet and, turning round to the other side from there, smote Túgarin with his steel knife under his right breast, and threw Túgarin from his good horse. And then Alyósha Popóvich cried out, “Túgarin, I thank you, Túgarin Zmyéyevich, for the steel knife: I will tear out your white breast, I will gouge out your bright eyes, and I will gaze on your mettlesome heart.” Then Alyósha cut off his turbulent head, and he took the turbulent head to Prince Vladímir. And as he went on he began playing with that little head, flinging it high up in the air and catching it again on his sharp lance. But Vladímir was dismayed. “I see Túgarin bringing me the turbulent head of Alyósha Popóvich: he will now take captive all of our Christian kingdom.” But Marýshko Paránov gave him answer: “Do not be distressed, oh bright little sun, Vladímir, in thy capital of Kíev. If Túgarin is coming on earth and is not flying in the skies he is putting his turbulent head on my steel lance. Do not be afraid, Prince Vladímir; whatever comes I will make friends with him.” Then Marýshko the son of Parán looked out into the open field, and he recognised Alyósha Popóvich, and he said, “I can see the knightly gait and youthful step of Alyósha Popóvich. He is guiding his horse uphill and he is playing with a little head: he is throwing the little head sky-high, and is catching the little head on the point of his sharp lance. He who is riding is not the pagan Túgarin, but Alyósha Popóvich, the son of the old prebendary, the pope León, who is bringing the head of the pagan Túgarin Zmyéyevich.”
Characters
Alyósha Popóvich ★ protagonist
A powerfully built young man, exceptionally strong from birth, capable of great feats of strength. His physical presence is imposing, suggesting a knightly stature.
Attire: Practical and sturdy knightly attire, likely a padded gambeson under a chainmail shirt, possibly with a surcoat in a simple, unadorned color suitable for travel. His saddle is described as a 'Circassian saddle' with 'twelve silken girths', indicating a focus on strength and function over pure decoration, though the silk suggests some quality.
Wants: To prove his strength and knightly prowess, to defend his homeland and its people from threats, and to earn recognition.
Flaw: Arrogance and a tendency to underestimate others, particularly Marýshko, leading him to dismiss help and potentially put himself in greater danger.
He begins as a powerful but somewhat reckless youth. Through his confrontation with Túgarin, he demonstrates not only his strength but also his cunning and strategic mind, solidifying his reputation as a mighty knight and protector.
Boisterous, quick-witted, cunning, and courageous. He is prone to taunting his enemies but also deeply religious, praying to the Mother of God. He values loyalty but can be dismissive of others' contributions.
Marýshko Paránov ◆ supporting
A doughty youth, strong and agile, capable of wrestling a formidable opponent like Túgarin. He is likely of a sturdy build, perhaps slightly less imposing than Alyósha but equally capable.
Attire: Simple, sturdy clothing befitting a loyal servant and companion to a knight. Likely linen or wool tunic and trousers, possibly with a leather belt and simple boots, suitable for travel and physical exertion.
Wants: To serve Alyósha Popóvich faithfully, to protect his lord, and to prove his own worth in battle.
Flaw: His loyalty to Alyósha can make him subservient, and he is sometimes overlooked or dismissed despite his capabilities.
He remains a steadfast and loyal companion, demonstrating his bravery and insight, particularly in recognizing Alyósha from a distance and reassuring Prince Vladímir.
Loyal, brave, quick to act, and observant. He is a faithful servant and comrade, though he can be frustrated by Alyósha's dismissiveness.
Prince Vladímir ◆ supporting
A ruler of a kingdom, likely of a dignified and somewhat portly build, as befits a prince who hosts feasts. He is not a warrior himself but a figure of authority.
Attire: Rich, but not overly ostentatious, court robes in deep colors like crimson or forest green, made of fine wool or silk, possibly with subtle embroidery. A simple golden circlet or crown might adorn his head for formal occasions.
Wants: To protect his kingdom and people, and to maintain peace and order.
Flaw: Easily intimidated and prone to despair when faced with powerful threats, relying heavily on others for defense.
He remains a figure of authority who is protected by his knights, his initial dismay turning to relief upon the defeat of Túgarin.
Hospitable, concerned for his kingdom, and easily dismayed by threats. He relies on his knights for protection.
Túgarin Zmyéyevich ⚔ antagonist
A formidable and monstrous figure, described as the 'Snake's son'. He possesses the ability to fly and is of immense size, capable of stepping on a threshold with one leg and an oaken table with the other. He is a glutton of epic proportions.
Attire: Likely dark, menacing attire, possibly incorporating elements of scales or leathery textures, reflecting his 'Snake's son' lineage. It would be practical for raiding and battle, perhaps dark armor or heavy, dark robes.
Wants: To dominate, ravage, and assert his power over Prince Vladímir's kingdom.
Flaw: His arrogance and overconfidence make him vulnerable to cunning opponents. His flying ability is susceptible to natural elements like rain.
He begins as a terrifying and dominant force, but his arrogance leads to his downfall and death at the hands of Alyósha Popóvich.
Arrogant, gluttonous, mocking, and cruel. He delights in ravaging and insulting his enemies.
Locations

Prince Vladímir's White Stone Palace
A grand palace constructed of white stone, featuring an oaken table, oaken columns, and glass windows. It has a brick stove for resting.
Mood: Initially formal and hospitable, then tense and confrontational, finally triumphant.
Alyósha and Marýshko are welcomed; Túgarin Zmyéyevich insults Prince Vladímir and is confronted by Alyósha, leading to a physical altercation where Marýshko throws Túgarin.

The Open Field
A vast, expansive field of grey earth, where dust can rise like a column. It is large enough for mounted combat and for a winged creature to fly.
Mood: Expansive and challenging, then intense and violent during the battle, finally victorious.
Alyósha and Marýshko travel here; Túgarin Zmyéyevich challenges Alyósha to battle; Alyósha defeats Túgarin in a fierce combat, cutting off his head.
Story DNA
Plot Summary
Alyósha Popóvich, a hero of immense strength, is born and quickly grows into a powerful youth. Accompanied by his loyal servant Marýshko, he travels to Prince Vladímir's court, where the monstrous, flying knight Túgarin Zmyéyevich is terrorizing the kingdom. Alyósha verbally provokes Túgarin, leading to a confrontation where Alyósha insists on a formal duel in the open field. After praying for rain to ground Túgarin, Alyósha defeats the monster in a fierce battle, decapitates him, and returns to the court, bringing peace to Prince Vladímir's land.
Themes
Emotional Arc
challenge to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Alyósha Popóvich is one of the three most famous bogatyrs (epic heroes) of Russian folklore, often associated with Prince Vladímir the Great of Kíev. Túgarin Zmyéyevich is a common antagonist, often interpreted as a symbolic representation of nomadic invaders (like the Pechenegs or Cumans) or pagan forces.
Plot Beats (15)
- Alyósha Popóvich is born to Pope León, displaying extraordinary strength and appetite from infancy.
- As a child, Alyósha's play is destructive due to his immense strength.
- Alyósha seeks his parents' blessing to venture into the open field and is advised to take Marýshko, son of Parán, as his companion.
- Alyósha and Marýshko travel to Prince Vladímir's court in Kíev, where they are welcomed.
- Túgarin Zmyéyevich, a monstrous flying knight, arrives at the palace, displaying immense gluttony and disrespect towards Prince Vladímir and the princess.
- Alyósha, from his resting place on the stove, openly mocks Túgarin's gluttony.
- Enraged, Túgarin attacks Alyósha with a knife, but Alyósha dodges, and Marýshko intervenes, wrestling Túgarin to the ground.
- Alyósha prevents Marýshko from killing Túgarin in the palace, insisting they fight in the open field the next day.
- The next morning, Marýshko expresses his frustration to Alyósha about the delay, as Túgarin is already flying in the field.
- Alyósha saddles his horse and prays to the Mother of God for rain to ground Túgarin.
- A thick rain falls, dampening Túgarin's wings and forcing him to land.
- Alyósha and Túgarin engage in a brutal combat, breaking clubs and lances.
- Alyósha, using a clever maneuver, dismounts and stabs Túgarin under the breast, killing him.
- Alyósha decapitates Túgarin and returns to Kíev, playing with the head on his lance.
- Prince Vladímir initially mistakes Alyósha for Túgarin, fearing defeat, but Marýshko corrects him, confirming Alyósha's victory.





