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The Language of the Birds

by Alexander Afanasyev

The Language of the Birds

The Language of the Birds In a certain city there was a merchant and his wife and their son, who was wise beyond his years; he was called Vasíli. Once all three were lunching together, and in a cage there was a Nightingale singing over the table, singing so woefully that the merchant could not bear it, and he said, “If there ever were a man who could really tell me what that Nightingale is saying and the doom he is foreboding, I should like to meet him: I would give him in my life half of my possessions, and after my death I would bequeath him many goods.” Then the little boy, who was only six years old, looked his father and mother fixedly in the eyes and said, “I know what the Nightingale is singing, only I am frightened of saying it.” “Speak out openly,” said the mother and father. And then Vasíli said with tears, “The Nightingale is foretelling that a time and season is coming when you will be my servants, when father will draw me water and mother will give me the towel to wipe my face and hands.” These words made the merchant and his wife very angry, so they decided to get rid of their child; they built a little boat, and in the dark of night, put the sleeping boy into it and let it sail into the open sea. Just then the prophetic Nightingale flew out of its cage into the boat and sat on the boy’s shoulder. Then the boat came to the seashore, and a ship came to meet it with all its sails spread. The master of the ship saw the boy, pitied him, adopted him, asked him questions, promised to keep and love him as if he were his own son. Next day the boy said to his new father, “The Nightingale foretells that a storm is brewing which will break the masts and shatter the sails. You must go back to the haven.” But the master of the ship would not go. And a storm arose at once, and the masts were shattered, and the sails torn down. It was no good, what is ended cannot be mended, so new masts were built and new sails were rigged. And they sailed on further. Again Vásya said, “The Nightingale sings that there are twelve ships coming to meet us, all pirate ships, and they will take us prisoner.” This time the master of the ship believed him, and returned to the island, and he saw the twelve bold pirates go sailing by. So the master of the ship waited as long as need be, and then sailed further. Some time went by, not too much, not too little, and the ship arrived at the city of Khvalynsk; and, for very many years, in front of the palace of the King of Khvalynsk, a Crow, with his wife and child, had been flying and screeching, giving no rest either by day or night. Whatever they did, whatever gins they might set, they could not drive them off from the window. Small shot was not any good. And so that King ordained that at every cross-road and at all the harbours this notice should be exhibited: “IF ANY MAN CAN DRIVE AWAY THE CROW, WITH HIS WIFE AND CHILD, FROM THE ROYAL WINDOWS, THE KING WILL GRANT HIM AS A REWARD HALF OF HIS KINGDOM, AND HIS YOUNGEST DAUGHTER AS WIFE—BUT IF ANY SHALL UNDERTAKE THE WORK AND SHALL NOT FULFIL IT HE SHALL FORFEIT HIS HEAD.” Very many were the hunters eager to become kinsmen of the King, and all of their heads had been hewn off and hung on stakes. Now Vasíli heard of this, went up and asked the master of the ship, “Let me go to the King; possibly I can chase away the Crow and his wife.” They endeavoured to deter him, but failed. “Very well, go. And if you come by any harm, put the blame on yourself!” So Vasíli came into the palace, told the King, and ordered the windows to be opened in front of which the Crows were flying. He then listened to what the birds were saying, and told the King, “Your Majesty, you see that there are three flying here, the Crow, Madam Crow, and Master Crow: the Crow is disputing with his wife as to which of them the son belongs, whether to the father or to the mother; and they are asking for a decision. Your Majesty, decide to whom it is the son belongs.” The King answered, “To the father.” As soon as the King had said this, the Crow with Master Crow sailed to the right, but Madam Crow to the left. After this the King took the youth unto himself, and he lived at the royal court and received the greatest kindness and honour, grew up and became a youth of youths, married the Princess, and received half of the kingdom as a dowry. One day he thought he would like to journey to foreign parts and see strange lands, view the folks of the world, and show himself. So he set out to roam through the world. In one city he stayed for a night, passed the night there, got up in the morning and said he wished to wash. So the master brought him water and the mistress brought him the towel. The King’s son spoke with them, and then saw that they were his father and mother, wept for joy, and fell at the feet of his parents. Afterwards he took them with him to his own city of Khvalynsk, and they lived together long, and lived to enjoy good.

Moral of the Story

Those who reject wisdom and kindness may eventually find themselves in a position of humility, while those who embrace it will be elevated.


Characters 8 characters

Vasíli ★ protagonist

human child male

Wise beyond his years, though only six years old at the story's beginning. Grows into a 'youth of youths'.

Attire: Simple clothes as a child, then likely sailor's attire, and later royal garments befitting a prince.

Prophetic, intelligent, compassionate, forgiving.

The Merchant ⚔ antagonist

human adult male

Not specified.

Attire: Wealthy merchant's attire, likely of a 19th-century Russian style.

Impulsive, cruel, regretful, eventually subservient.

The Merchant's Wife ⚔ antagonist

human adult female

Not specified.

Attire: Wealthy merchant's wife's attire, likely of a 19th-century Russian style.

Impulsive, cruel, regretful, eventually subservient.

The Nightingale ◆ supporting

animal ageless non-human

A small, singing bird.

Attire: Feathers.

Prophetic, loyal, mournful.

The Master of the Ship ◆ supporting

human adult male

Not specified.

Attire: Sailor's or ship captain's attire, appropriate for the era.

Pitying, initially skeptical, eventually trusting, adoptive.

The King of Khvalynsk ◆ supporting

human adult male

Not specified.

Attire: Royal robes and crown, befitting a king.

Desperate, just, generous, decisive.

The Crow ○ minor

animal ageless non-human

A large, black bird.

Attire: Black feathers.

Argumentative, persistent.

The Princess ◆ supporting

human young adult female

Not specified, but implied to be desirable as a royal bride.

Attire: Royal gown and jewels.

Not explicitly shown, but likely obedient to her father's decree.

Locations 4 locations
Merchant's Dining Room

Merchant's Dining Room

indoor afternoon implied pleasant weather for lunch

A room where a merchant, his wife, and their son Vasíli are having lunch. A caged nightingale is singing over the table.

Mood: Initially domestic and peaceful, quickly turns tense and foreboding due to the nightingale's song and Vasíli's revelation.

Vasíli reveals the nightingale's prophecy, leading to his parents' anger and decision to abandon him.

dining tablecaged nightingalefood for lunch
Open Sea

Open Sea

outdoor night (initially), then varies Initially calm, later experiences a brewing storm with shattered masts and torn sails.

The vast expanse of the ocean where a small boat carrying the sleeping Vasíli is set adrift. Later, a ship sails here, encountering storms and pirates.

Mood: Perilous, uncertain, but also a place of new beginnings and prophetic warnings.

Vasíli is abandoned by his parents, rescued by a ship master, and uses the nightingale's warnings to save the ship from disaster.

small boatsleeping boyprophetic nightingaleship with spread sailsstormy wavespirate ships
King of Khvalynsk's Palace Window

King of Khvalynsk's Palace Window

transitional day and night implied consistent, possibly irritating, weather for the crows to be present.

The specific window of the King's palace in the city of Khvalynsk where a Crow, his wife, and child incessantly fly and screech.

Mood: Annoying, frustrating for the King, but also a place of opportunity and a test of wisdom.

Vasíli interprets the crows' language, resolves their dispute, and earns the King's favor, half the kingdom, and the Princess's hand.

royal palaceopen windowCrow, Madam Crow, Master Crowstakes with heads (implied nearby)
A Foreign City's Lodging

A Foreign City's Lodging

indoor morning implied ordinary, non-descript

A room in a city where Vasíli (now King's son) stays for a night. The master brings water and the mistress brings a towel for him to wash.

Mood: Initially routine, then filled with emotional recognition and joy.

Vasíli unknowingly encounters and recognizes his birth parents, fulfilling the nightingale's original prophecy.

washing basinwatertowelmaster and mistress of the lodging

Story DNA fairy tale · hopeful

Moral

Those who reject wisdom and kindness may eventually find themselves in a position of humility, while those who embrace it will be elevated.

Plot Summary

A wise young boy named Vasíli understands the language of birds, and a Nightingale reveals a prophecy that his parents will one day serve him. Enraged, his parents abandon him at sea, but he is rescued by a shipmaster. Guided by the Nightingale, Vasíli uses his foresight to save the ship from dangers, earning trust. Later, he solves a long-standing dispute for a King, marries the Princess, and inherits half the kingdom. Years later, he encounters his biological parents, who unknowingly serve him, fulfilling the prophecy, leading to a joyful reconciliation.

Themes

prophecy and destinyfilial piety (eventual)justice and consequencewisdom and foresight

Emotional Arc

abandonment to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: rule of three (prophecies), direct address of characters' thoughts/feelings

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person (parents vs Vasíli, King vs crows) and person vs fate
Ending: happy
Magic: talking animals, prophecy, animal communication
the Nightingale (symbol of prophecy and guidance)the crows (symbol of unresolved conflict/dispute)

Cultural Context

Origin: Russian (Afanas'ev collection)
Era: timeless fairy tale

Afanas'ev collected Russian folk tales in the 19th century, often reflecting traditional social structures and moral values, sometimes with harsh consequences for disobedience or cruelty.

Plot Beats (14)

  1. A merchant, his wife, and their wise son Vasíli hear a Nightingale's mournful song.
  2. The merchant offers a reward to anyone who can interpret the song; Vasíli, aged six, reveals it's a prophecy that his parents will serve him.
  3. Enraged, the parents abandon Vasíli in a small boat at sea, but the prophetic Nightingale flies to him.
  4. Vasíli is rescued by a shipmaster who adopts him.
  5. Guided by the Nightingale, Vasíli foretells a storm, which the shipmaster initially disbelieves, but it comes true, destroying masts and sails.
  6. Vasíli then foretells an encounter with pirate ships; this time, the shipmaster believes him and avoids the pirates.
  7. The ship arrives in Khvalynsk, where a crow family has been disturbing the King for years, leading to a royal decree offering half the kingdom and the Princess's hand to anyone who can drive them away, but failure means execution.
  8. Vasíli volunteers, listens to the crows, and tells the King they are disputing ownership of their child.
  9. The King decides the child belongs to the father, causing the crow family to split and leave.
  10. Vasíli is adopted by the King, grows up, marries the Princess, and receives half the kingdom.
  11. Years later, Vasíli travels and stays overnight in a city where his hosts bring him water and a towel.
  12. Vasíli recognizes his hosts as his biological parents, who unknowingly fulfill the Nightingale's prophecy by serving him.
  13. Vasíli reveals his identity, and they reconcile with joy.
  14. Vasíli brings his parents to Khvalynsk, and they live together happily.

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