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The Potter

by Alexander Afanasyev

The Potter

The Potter Once a potter was journeying on his road with his goods and dozed off. The Tsar Iván Vasílyevich came driving by in his carriage and said, “Peace be to you!” The potter looked up and said, “I thank you very much and wish you the same.” “Have you been asleep?” “Yes, my lord. Do not fear a man who sings songs; but fear a man who slumbers!” “You are a bold fellow, potter: I have seen very few such, and I like them. Coachman, slower! Potter, tell me, have you been long at your trade?” “Ever since my youth, and I am now middle-aged.” “Can you keep your children with it?” “Yes, I do not sow, nor plough, nor mow, nor reap, and no frosts can do me any harm.” “Right, potter; but there are still misfortunes left in the world.” “Yes, I know three of them.” “What are the three?” “The first is an evil neighbour, the second an evil wife, and the third a weak understanding.” “Yet now, tell me which is the worst of these evils?” “The evil neighbour can be escaped; so can the evil wife if one has children enough, but the weak intellect can never be got rid of.” “Yes, that is true, potter; you are a sensible fellow. Listen! You suit me and I suit you. When there are geese flying over Russia, will you pluck a feather out of them or let them fly by in peace?” “If it suit me, I should let them fly by as they should; otherwise I should pluck them bald.” “Potter, hold in your horse a little while I look at your stock.” The potter stopped and displayed his goods. “Can you make any such for me?” “How many?” “Ten cartloads.” “How long will you require?” “One month.” “In a fortnight I can bring them into the town. I suit you and you suit me.” “Thank you, potter.” “Will you be in the city when I bring the goods?” “Yes, I shall be there as the merchant’s guest.” So the Tsar drove into the city and ordered that at all his feasts the plates should be neither of silver nor of pewter, nor of copper nor of wood, but only of clay. The potter carried out the Tsar’s orders and brought his goods into the city. A _boyár_ rode up to the potter and said to him: “God be with you, potter.” “Thank you, your honour.” “Sell me all your goods.” “I cannot; they are already sold.” “What does that matter? Take my money for it; you will be doing no wrong, as long as you have received no orders for the work. What do you want?” “I want every plate filled with money.” “Listen, potter—that is too much.” “Very well, then: one filled with money and two empty. Do you agree?” So they agreed at that: “You suit me and I suit you.” They filled up the plates and again emptied them, and they went on filling plates until there was not any money left: but there were ever so many plates over. The _boyár_ saw he was getting the worst of the bargain and sent for more money from the house. So they piled the plates higher still, but all the money vanished, and still all the goods had not been used up. “What is to be done, potter? Why are you so greedy?” “There is nothing to be done.” “I have a very high esteem for you, potter, but do you know what?” “Do you carry me in to the courtyard, and I will give you the goods and the money back as well.” So the _boyár_ hesitated: he was very sorry to lose his money and for himself, but he could not help himself, and so they agreed. They unharnessed the horse, and the peasant sat in the carriage and the _boyár_ walked on. The potter sang a song, and the _boyár_ drew it along, drew it along. “How far must I take you in front of that courtyard?” The potter went on singing joyously and said, “In front of the house, at the very top of the carriage.” When he reached the palace he stood up erect and sang, joyously. The Tsar heard him singing and ran to the flight of steps, and recognised the potter. “Ha! welcome, potter!” “Thank you, your honour.” “What are you travelling with?” “With folly.” “Now, you fine potter, you have known how to sell your goods; _boyár_, take off your gay costume and your boots; and you, potter, take off your _kaftán_ and your bast shoes. Put the peasant’s smock on, _boyár_, and you, potter, put on the _boyár’s_ robes. You have sold your goods very finely, potter; you have done very little, and you have won much. But as for you, _boyár_, you were not able to keep your rank. Now, potter, were there any geese flying over Russia? Did you pluck a feather out of them, or did you leave them in peace?” “No, I plucked them bald.”

Moral of the Story

Cleverness and wisdom can overcome power and greed, and true worth is not always found in high birth.


Characters 3 characters

The Potter ★ protagonist

human adult male

None explicitly mentioned, but implied to be a common man, likely sturdy from his trade.

Attire: A kaftán and bast shoes (peasant attire), later exchanges for the Boyár's robes.

Bold, sensible, cunning, joyful.

Tsar Iván Vasílyevich ◆ supporting

human adult male

None explicitly mentioned, but implied to be of regal bearing.

Attire: Regal attire, implied by his status as Tsar and his carriage.

Observant, wise, just, enjoys wit.

The Boyár ⚔ antagonist

human adult male

None explicitly mentioned, but implied to be of noble stature.

Attire: A gay costume and boots (noble attire), later forced to wear a peasant's smock.

Greedy, proud, easily outsmarted, hesitant.

Locations 3 locations
The Road

The Road

transitional Implied fair weather for travel, as the potter dozes off.

A road where the potter is journeying with his goods, likely rural and open, allowing for a carriage to pass.

Mood: Initially peaceful and mundane, becoming a place of unexpected encounter and philosophical discussion.

The initial meeting between the Tsar and the potter, where their witty exchange begins.

potter's goods (pottery)potter's horse and cartTsar's carriage
The City

The City

outdoor Implied fair weather for market activity.

A bustling urban environment where the Tsar resides and where the potter brings his goods for sale.

Mood: Lively, commercial, and later, a place of cunning negotiation and public spectacle.

The potter brings his ten cartloads of pottery to fulfill the Tsar's order, and where he encounters the boyár.

city streetsmerchant's guest lodging (implied)Tsar's palace (implied to be within or near)
The Boyár's Courtyard / Palace Entrance

The Boyár's Courtyard / Palace Entrance

transitional day Implied fair weather for the public spectacle.

The area in front of the boyár's house, where the final act of the potter's cunning takes place, leading to the Tsar's palace.

Mood: Initially tense and transactional, then becoming triumphant and celebratory for the potter, humiliating for the boyár.

The potter, in the boyár's carriage, is pulled by the boyár to the Tsar's palace, revealing the boyár's folly and the potter's triumph.

boyár's carriage (now used by the potter)unharnessed horseTsar's palace stepsboyár walking and pulling the carriage

Story DNA folk tale · humorous

Moral

Cleverness and wisdom can overcome power and greed, and true worth is not always found in high birth.

Plot Summary

A clever potter encounters Tsar Iván Vasílyevich and impresses him with his wit, leading to a large order for clay dishes. When delivering the goods, a greedy boyar attempts to buy them cheaply, but the potter outsmarts him by demanding payment in a way that depletes all the boyar's money. The potter then forces the humiliated boyar to carry him and his remaining wares to the Tsar's palace. The Tsar, witnessing this, praises the potter's ingenuity and punishes the boyar, confirming the potter's success in 'plucking the geese'.

Themes

wit over statuscleverness and resourcefulnesssocial mobilityjustice

Emotional Arc

underestimation to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: sparse
Techniques: dialogue-driven plot, repetition of phrases (e.g., "You suit me and I suit you"), rule of three (three misfortunes)

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
clay dishes (humble goods that become valuable)geese (symbolizing opportunities or people to be exploited/managed)clothing swap (symbolizing reversal of fortune and social roles)

Cultural Context

Origin: Russian
Era: timeless fairy tale

The story reflects a common folk tale trope where a commoner outsmarts a person of higher social standing, often a greedy or foolish noble, and is rewarded by the benevolent ruler. The specific titles (Tsar, Boyar) ground it in Russian culture.

Plot Beats (13)

  1. A potter dozes on the road and is hailed by Tsar Iván Vasílyevich.
  2. The potter engages in a witty conversation with the Tsar, discussing sleep, his trade, and three misfortunes.
  3. The potter defines the worst misfortune as a 'weak understanding' and answers the Tsar's 'geese' riddle cleverly.
  4. The Tsar, impressed, orders ten cartloads of clay dishes to be delivered in a fortnight.
  5. The potter delivers the goods to the city, where a boyar approaches him to buy them.
  6. The boyar tries to buy the goods cheaply, but the potter demands payment by filling each plate with money.
  7. The boyar agrees, but quickly runs out of money as the potter's plates consume all his funds, with many plates still unpaid for.
  8. The boyar, desperate to get the goods, agrees to the potter's demand to carry him and his remaining wares to the Tsar's courtyard.
  9. The boyar reluctantly carries the potter, who sings joyously, to the palace.
  10. The Tsar hears the singing, recognizes the potter, and sees the boyar carrying him.
  11. The Tsar questions the potter about his 'travels' and the 'geese' riddle.
  12. The potter confirms he 'plucked them bald', and the Tsar praises his cleverness.
  13. The Tsar orders the boyar and potter to swap clothes, humiliating the boyar and rewarding the potter.

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