THE QUEEN BEE
by Brothers Grimm
Original Story
THE QUEEN BEE

Two King’s Sons once went out in search of adventures, and fell into a wild, disorderly way of living, so that they never came home again. The youngest, who was called Simpleton, set out to seek his brothers. When at length he found them, they mocked him for thinking that he with his simplicity could get through the world, when they two could not make their way, and yet were so much cleverer.
They all three traveled away together, and came to an ant-hill. The two elder wanted to destroy it, to see the little ants creeping about in their terror, carrying their eggs away, but Simpleton said, “Leave the creatures in peace. I will not allow you to disturb them.”
Then they went farther, and came to a lake, on which a great number of ducks were swimming. The two brothers wanted to catch a couple and roast them, but Simpleton would not permit it, and said, “Leave the creatures in peace. I will not suffer you to kill them.”
At length they came to a bee’s nest, in which there was so much honey, that it ran out of the trunk of the tree where it was. 198 The two wanted to make a fire under the tree, and suffocate the bees in order to take away the honey, but Simpleton again stopped them and said, “Leave the creatures in peace. I will not allow you to burn them.”
At last the two brothers arrived at a castle where stone horses were standing in the stables, and no human being was to be seen. They went through all the halls until they came to a door in which were three locks. In the middle of the door there was a little pane, through which they could see into the room.
There they saw a little Gray Man sitting at a table. They called him, once, twice, but he did not hear. Then they called him for the third time, when he got up, opened the locks, and came out. He said nothing but led them to a handsomely-spread table; and when they had eaten and drunk, he took each of them to a bedroom.
Next morning, the little Gray Man came to the eldest, beckoned to him, and conducted him to a stone table, on which were inscribed three tasks, by the doing of which the castle could be delivered. The first was that in the forest, beneath the moss, lay the Princess’s pearls, a thousand in number, which must be picked up. And if by sunset, one single pearl was wanting, he who had looked for them would be turned to stone.
The eldest went thither, and sought the whole day, but when it came to an end, he had found only one hundred, and what was written on the table came to pass, he was changed into stone.
Next day, the second brother undertook the adventure. It did not, however, fare much better with him than with the 199 eldest. He did not find more than two hundred pearls, and was changed to stone.
At last, the turn came to Simpleton, who sought in the moss. But it was so hard to find the pearls, and he got on so slowly, that he seated himself on a stone, and wept. And while he was thus sitting, the King of the Ants, whose life he had once saved, came with five thousand ants, and before long the little creatures had got all the pearls together, and laid them in a heap.
The second task was to fetch out of the lake the key of the King’s Daughter’s bedchamber. When Simpleton came to the lake, the ducks which he had saved, swam up to him, dived down, and brought the key out of the water.
But the third task was the most difficult. From amongst the three sleeping daughters of the King, the youngest and dearest was to be sought out. They resembled each other exactly, and were only to be distinguished by their having eaten different sweetmeats before they fell asleep: the eldest a bit of sugar; the second a little syrup; and the youngest a spoonful of honey.
Then the Queen of the Bees, which Simpleton had protected from the fire, came and tasted the lips of all three. At last she remained sitting on the mouth which had eaten honey; and thus the King’s Son recognized the right Princess.
Then the enchantment was at an end. Everything was released from sleep, and those who had been turned to stone received once more their natural forms. Simpleton married the youngest and sweetest Princess, and after her father’s death became King, while his two brothers received the two other sisters.


Story DNA
Moral
Kindness and compassion, even to the smallest creatures, will be rewarded in unexpected ways.
Plot Summary
Two wild king's sons are sought by their younger, simpler brother. Along their journey, Simpleton prevents his cruel brothers from harming ants, ducks, and bees. They arrive at an enchanted castle where a Gray Man presents three impossible tasks to break a curse. The elder brothers fail the first task and are turned to stone. Simpleton, aided by the creatures he saved, successfully completes all three tasks, including identifying the true princess. The enchantment breaks, everyone is freed, and Simpleton marries the princess, becoming king, while his brothers marry the other two sisters.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Grimm's fairy tales often reflect 19th-century German societal values, including the triumph of good over evil and the reward for virtue.
Plot Beats (15)
- Two king's sons leave home and live wildly, never returning.
- Their youngest brother, Simpleton, sets out to find them and is mocked for his simplicity.
- The three brothers encounter an ant-hill; the elders want to destroy it, but Simpleton protects the ants.
- They encounter a lake with ducks; the elders want to kill them, but Simpleton protects the ducks.
- They find a bee's nest; the elders want to suffocate the bees for honey, but Simpleton protects them.
- They arrive at an enchanted castle with stone horses and no people, finding a Gray Man who leads them to rooms.
- The Gray Man presents the eldest brother with the first task: collect 1000 pearls from the moss by sunset, or turn to stone.
- The eldest brother fails, finding only 100 pearls, and is turned to stone.
- The second brother attempts the task, finds 200 pearls, and is also turned to stone.
- Simpleton attempts the first task, struggles, and is helped by the King of the Ants and 5000 ants, who collect all the pearls.
- The second task is to retrieve the key to the princess's bedchamber from the lake; the ducks Simpleton saved retrieve it for him.
- The third task is to identify the youngest princess among three identical sleeping sisters, distinguishable only by the sweetmeat they ate (sugar, syrup, honey).
- The Queen Bee, whom Simpleton saved, tastes the lips of the princesses and identifies the one who ate honey.
- The enchantment breaks, everyone is freed from sleep, and the stone figures return to life.
- Simpleton marries the youngest princess and becomes king, while his brothers marry the other two sisters.
Characters
Simpleton
Not explicitly described, but implied to be of unassuming appearance.
Attire: Simple traveler's clothes, perhaps patched and worn.
Kind, compassionate, resourceful
Eldest Brother
Not explicitly described, but implied to be handsome and strong.
Attire: Traveling clothes of better quality than Simpleton's.
Arrogant, dismissive, greedy
Second Brother
Not explicitly described, but implied to be handsome and strong.
Attire: Traveling clothes of better quality than Simpleton's.
Arrogant, dismissive, greedy
King of the Ants
A large ant, distinguished from the others.
Grateful, loyal
Queen of the Bees
A large bee, distinguished from the others.
Helpful, discerning
Youngest Princess
Beautiful and sweet.
Attire: Elegant sleeping gown.
Sweet, innocent
Gray Man
Small and gray.
Attire: Gray robes.
Silent, obedient
Locations
Ant-Hill Clearing
A clearing in the woods dominated by a large ant-hill
Mood: Bustling with ant activity, earthy
Simpleton prevents his brothers from destroying the ant-hill, earning the ants' gratitude.
Lake of Ducks
A lake with a large number of ducks swimming on its surface.
Mood: Peaceful, natural
Simpleton prevents his brothers from killing the ducks, earning their gratitude.
Bee's Nest in Tree Trunk
A large bee's nest overflowing with honey, located in the trunk of a tree.
Mood: Sweet, buzzing
Simpleton prevents his brothers from burning the bees, earning the Queen Bee's gratitude.
Castle Hall of Stone
A silent hall with stone horses in the stables and no people, leading to a door with three locks.
Mood: Eerie, silent, enchanted
The brothers arrive at the enchanted castle and encounter the Gray Man.
Princesses' Bedchamber
A room where three identical princesses sleep, each having eaten a different sweet.
Mood: Still, magical, suspenseful
Simpleton identifies the youngest princess with the help of the Queen Bee, breaking the enchantment.