Old Sultan

by Brothers Grimm · from Household Tales

fairy tale moral tale hopeful Ages 5-10 880 words 4 min read
Original Story 880 words · 4 min read

Old Sultan

A fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm

A farmer once had a faithful dog called Sultan, who had grown old, and lost all his teeth, so that he could no longer hold anything fast. One day the farmer was standing with his wife before the house-door, and said, "To-morrow I intend to shoot Old Sultan, he is no longer of any use."

His wife, who felt pity for the faithful beast, answered, "He has served us so long, and been so faithful, that we might well give him his keep."

"Eh! what?" said the man. "You are not very sharp. He has not a tooth left in his mouth, and not a thief is afraid of him; now he may be off. If he has served us, he has had good feeding for it."

The poor dog, who was lying stretched out in the sun not far off, had heard everything, and was sorry that the morrow was to be his last day. He had a good friend, the wolf, and he crept out in the evening into the forest to him, and complained of the fate that awaited him. "Hark ye, gossip," said the wolf, "be of good cheer, I will help you out of your trouble. I have thought of something. To-morrow, early in the morning, your master is going with his wife to make hay, and they will take their little child with them, for no one will be left behind in the house. They are wont, during work-time, to lay the child under the hedge in the shade; you lay yourself there too, just as if you wished to guard it. Then I will come out of the wood, and carry off the child. You must rush swiftly after me, as if you would seize it again from me. I will let it fall, and you will take it back to its parents, who will think that you have saved it, and will be far too grateful to do you any harm; on the contrary, you will be in high favor, and they will never let you want for anything again."

The plan pleased the dog, and it was carried out just as it was arranged. The father screamed when he saw the Wolf running across the field with his child, but when Old Sultan brought it back, then he was full of joy, and stroked him and said, "Not a hair of yours shall be hurt, you shall eat my bread free as long as you live." And to his wife he said, "Go home at once and make Old Sultan some bread-sop that he will not have to bite, and bring the pillow out of my bed, I will give him that to lie upon."

Henceforth Old Sultan was as well off as he could wish to be.

Soon afterwards the wolf visited him, and was pleased that everything had succeeded so well. "But, gossip," said he, "you will just wink an eye if when I have a chance, I carry off one of your master's fat sheep." - "Do not reckon upon that," answered the dog; "I will remain true to my master; I cannot agree to that." The wolf, who thought that this could not be spoken in earnest, came creeping about in the night and was going to take away the sheep. But the farmer, to whom the faithful Sultan had told the wolf's plan, caught him and dressed his hide soundly with the flail. The wolf had to pack off, but he cried out to the dog, "Wait a bit, you scoundrel, you shall pay for this."

The next morning the wolf sent the boar to challenge the dog to come out into the forest so that they might settle the affair. Old Sultan could find no one to stand by him but a cat with only three legs, and as they went out together the poor cat limped along, and at the same time stretched out her tail into the air with pain.

The wolf and his friend were already on the spot appointed, but when they saw their enemy coming they thought that he was bringing a sabre with him, for they mistook the outstretched tail of the cat for one. And when the poor beast hopped on its three legs, they could only think every time that it was picking up a stone to throw at them. So they were both afraid; the wild boar crept into the under-wood and the wolf jumped up a tree.

The dog and the cat, when they came up, wondered that there was no one to be seen. The wild boar, however, had not been able to hide himself altogether; and one of his ears was still to be seen. Whilst the cat was looking carefully about, the boar moved his ear; the cat, who thought it was a mouse moving there, jumped upon it and bit it hard. The boar made a fearful noise and ran away, crying out, "The guilty one is up in the tree." The dog and cat looked up and saw the wolf, who was ashamed of having shown himself so timid, and made friends with the dog.

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Story DNA

Moral

Loyalty to one's master is paramount, and true friends will help each other even in difficult situations.

Plot Summary

An old, toothless dog named Sultan is deemed useless by his farmer master, who plans to kill him. Overhearing this, Sultan seeks help from his friend, the wolf, who devises a plan for Sultan to 'rescue' the farmer's child from the wolf, thus restoring Sultan to favor. Sultan's loyalty is then tested when the wolf asks him to overlook a sheep theft, which Sultan refuses, leading to the wolf's punishment and vow of revenge. The wolf and a boar challenge Sultan, but are comically scared away by Sultan's unlikely ally, a three-legged cat, leading to a reconciliation between Sultan and the wolf.

Themes

loyaltygratitudefriendshipbetrayal

Emotional Arc

suffering to triumph

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: sparse
Techniques: personification of animals, direct speech

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person (metaphorically, dog vs wolf/boar representing loyalty vs self-interest)
Ending: happy
Magic: talking animals
Sultan's lost teeth (symbolizing lost utility/age)the child (symbolizing innocence and value)

Cultural Context

Origin: German
Era: timeless fairy tale

Grimm's fairy tales often reflect the social structures and moral values of 19th-century German-speaking lands, with a focus on loyalty, justice, and the consequences of actions.

Plot Beats (14)

  1. Old Sultan, a faithful but toothless dog, is overheard by his master planning to kill him for being useless.
  2. Sultan, distressed, seeks help from his friend, the wolf.
  3. The wolf proposes a plan: he will 'kidnap' the farmer's child, and Sultan will 'rescue' it.
  4. The plan is executed, and Sultan successfully returns the child to the grateful farmer.
  5. The farmer, full of joy, promises Sultan a life of comfort and good food.
  6. The wolf visits Sultan, pleased with the success, and asks Sultan to turn a blind eye to him stealing a sheep.
  7. Sultan refuses, stating his loyalty to his master, and warns the farmer of the wolf's plan.
  8. The farmer catches and beats the wolf with a flail, leading the wolf to swear revenge on Sultan.
  9. The wolf sends the boar to challenge Sultan to a fight in the forest.
  10. Sultan finds only a three-legged cat to accompany him to the confrontation.
  11. The wolf and boar mistake the limping cat's outstretched tail for a sabre and its hopping for picking up stones.
  12. Terrified, the boar hides, and the wolf climbs a tree.
  13. The cat bites the boar's ear, making it cry out that the 'guilty one' is in the tree.
  14. Sultan and the cat discover the wolf, who is ashamed and makes peace with Sultan.

Characters

🐾

Old Sultan

animal elderly male

Old, toothless

Grey muzzle and missing teeth

Faithful, loyal

👤

The Farmer

human adult male

Not described

Attire: Simple peasant clothing, perhaps a tunic and breeches

Peasant with a pitchfork

Initially ungrateful, easily swayed

👤

The Farmer's Wife

human adult female

Not described

Attire: Simple peasant dress, apron

Woman in a simple dress holding bread

Compassionate, kind

🐾

The Wolf

animal adult male

Not described

Snarling wolf with sharp teeth

Deceptive, opportunistic

👤

The Child

human child unknown

Not described

Attire: Simple baby clothes

Baby in a field

Innocent, helpless

🐾

The Cat

animal adult unknown

Three legs

Three-legged cat with tail raised

Resourceful, brave

🐾

The Boar

animal adult male

Tusks

Boar tusk

Easily frightened

Locations

Farmer's House Door

transitional

A simple house with a door where the farmer and his wife stand talking.

Mood: Domestic, tense

The farmer decides to get rid of Old Sultan.

house door farmer wife Old Sultan (dog)

Sunny Field with Hedge

outdoor morning Summer, sunny

A field where hay is being made, with a hedge providing shade.

Mood: Busy, then frantic

The wolf 'steals' the baby, and Old Sultan rescues it.

hay hedge baby wolf Old Sultan

Forest Clearing

outdoor morning

A designated meeting spot in the forest.

Mood: Tense, comical

The wolf and boar are scared off by the cat and dog.

trees underwood wolf boar Old Sultan three-legged cat