The Golden Bird
by Brothers Grimm · from Household Tales
Original Story
The golden bird
A fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm
In times gone by there was a king who had at the back of his castle a beautiful pleasure-garden, in which stood a tree that bore golden apples. As the apples ripened they were counted, but one morning one was missing. Then the king was angry, and he ordered that watch should be kept about the tree every night.
Now the king had three sons, and he sent the eldest to spend the whole night in the garden; so he watched till midnight, and then he could keep off sleep no longer, and in the morning another apple was missing. The second son had to watch the following night; but it fared no better, for when twelve o'clock had struck he went to sleep, and in the morning another apple was missing. Now came the turn of the third son to watch, and he was ready to do so; but the king had less trust in him, and believed he would acquit himself still worse than his brothers, but in the end he consented to let him try. So the young man lay down under the tree to watch, and resolved that sleep should not be master.
When it struck twelve something came rushing through the air, and he saw in the moonlight a bird flying towards him, whose feathers glittered like gold. The bird perched upon the tree, and had already pecked off an apple, when the young man let fly an arrow at it. The bird flew away, but the arrow had struck its plumage, and one of its golden feathers fell to the ground: the young man picked it up, and taking it next morning to the king, told him what had happened in the night. The king called his council together, and all declared that such a feather was worth more than the whole kingdom. "Since the feather is so valuable," said the king, "one is not enough for me; I must and will have the whole bird."
So the eldest son set off, and relying on his own cleverness he thought he should soon find the golden bird. When he had gone some distance he saw a fox sitting at the edge of a wood, and he pointed his gun at him. The fox cried out, "Do not shoot me, and I will give you good counsel. You are on your way to find the golden bird, and this evening you will come to a village, in which two taverns stand facing each other. One will be brightly lighted up, and there will be plenty of merriment going on inside; do not mind about that, but go into the other one, although it will look to you very uninviting.''
"How can a silly beast give one any rational advice?" thought the king's son and let fly at the fox, but missed him, and he stretched out his tail and ran quick into the wood. Then the young man went on his way, and towards evening he came to the village, and there stood the two taverns; in one singing and dancing was going on, the other looked quite dull and wretched.
"I should be a fool," said he, "to go into that dismal place, while there is anything so good close by." So he went into the merry inn, and there lived in clover, quite forgetting the bird and his father, and all good counsel.
As time went on, and the eldest son never came home, the second son set out to seek the golden bird. He met with the fox, just as the eldest did, and received good advice from him without attending to it. And when he came to the two taverns, his brother was standing and calling to him at the window of one of them, out of which came sounds of merriment; so he could not resist, but went in and revelled to his heart's content.
And then, as time went on, the youngest son wished to go forth, and to try his luck, but his father would not consent.
"It would be useless," said he; "he is much less likely to find the bird than his brothers, and if any misfortune were to happen to him he would not know how to help himself; his wits are none of the best." But at last, as there was no peace to be had, he let him go.
By the side of the wood sat the fox, begged him to spare his life, and gave him good counsel. The young man was kind, and said, "Be easy, little fox, I will do you no harm."
"You shall not repent of it," answered the fox, "and that you may get there all the sooner, get up and sit on my tail." And no sooner had he done so than the fox began to run, and off they went over stock and stone, so that the wind whistled in their hair. When they reached the village the young man got down, and, following the fox's advice, went into the mean-looking tavern, without hesitating, and there he passed a quiet night.
The next morning, when he went out into the field, the fox, who was sitting there already, said, "I will tell you further what you have to do. Go straight on until you come to a castle, before which a great band of soldiers lie, but do not trouble yourself about them, for they will be all asleep and snoring; pass through them and forward into the castle, and go through all the rooms, until you come to one where there is a golden bird hanging in a wooden cage. Near at hand will stand empty a golden cage of state, but you must beware of taking the bird out of his ugly cage and putting him into the fine one; if you do so you will come to harm." After he had finished saying this the fox stretched out his tail again, and the king's son sat him down upon it; then away they went over stock and stone, so that the wind whistled through their hair.
And when the king's son reached the castle he found everything as the fox had said: and he at last entered the room where the golden bird was hanging in a wooden cage, while a golden one was standing by; the three golden apples too were in the room. Then, thinking it foolish to let the beautiful bird stay in that mean and ugly cage, he opened the door of it, took hold of it, and put it in the golden one. In the same moment the bird uttered a piercing cry. The soldiers awaked, rushed in, seized the king's son and put him in prison.
The next morning he was brought before a judge, and, as he confessed everything, condemned to death. But the king said he would spare his life on one condition, that he should bring him the golden horse whose paces were swifter than the wind, and that then he should also receive the golden bird as a reward.
So the king's son set off to find the golden horse, but he sighed, and was very sad, for how should it be accomplished? And then he saw his old friend the fox sitting by the roadside.
"Now, you see," said the fox, "ail this has happened, because you would not listen to me. But be of good courage, I will bring you through, and will tell you how you are to get the golden horse. You must go straight on until you come to a castle, where the horse stands in his stable; before the stable-door the grooms will be lying, but they will all be asleep and snoring; and you can go and quietly lead out the horse. But one thing you must mind - take care to put upon him the plain saddle of wood and leather, and not the golden one, which will hang close by; otherwise it will go badly with you."
Then the fox stretched out his tail, and the king's son seated himself upon it, and away they went over stock and stone until the wind whistled through their hair. And everything happened just as the fox had said, and he came to the stall where the golden horse was: and as he was about to put on him the plain saddle, he thought to himself, "Such a beautiful animal would be disgraced were I not to put on him the good saddle, which becomes him so well." However, no sooner did the horse feel the golden saddle touch him than he began to neigh. And the grooms all awoke, seized the king's son and threw him into prison. The next morning he was delivered up to justice and condemned to death, but the king promised him his life, and also to bestow upon him the golden horse, if he could convey thither the beautiful princess of the golden castle.
With a heavy heart the king's son set out, but by great good luck he soon met with the faithful fox. "I ought now to leave you to your own ill-luck," said the fox, "but I am sorry for you, and will once more help you in your need. Your way lies straight up to the golden castle: you will arrive there in the evening, and at night, when all is quiet, the beautiful princess goes to the bath. And as she is entering the bathing-house, go up to her and give her a kiss, then she will follow you, and you can lead her away; but do not suffer her first to go and take leave of her parents, or it will go ill with you." Then the fox stretched out his tail; the king's son seated himself upon it, and away they went over stock and stone, so that the wind whistled through their hair.
And when he came to the golden castle, all was as the fox had said. He waited until midnight, when all lay in deep sleep, and then as the beautiful princess went to the bathing-house he went up to her and gave her a kiss, and she willingly promised to go with him, but she begged him earnestly, and with tears, that he would let her first go and take leave of her parents. At first he denied her prayer, but as she wept so much the more, and fell at his feet, he gave in at last.
And no sooner had the princess reached her father's bedside than he, and all who were in the castle, waked up, and the young man was seized and thrown into prison. The next morning the king said to him, "Thy life is forfeit, but thou shalt find grace if thou canst level that mountain that lies before my windows, and over which I am not able to see: and if this is done within eight days thou shalt have my daughter for a reward." So the king's son set to work, and dug and shovelled away without ceasing, but when, on the seventh day, he saw how little he had accomplished, and that all his work was as nothing, be fell into great sadness, and gave up all hope.
But on the evening of the seventh day the fox appeared, and said, "You do not deserve that I should help you, but go now and lie down to sleep, and I will do the work for you." The next morning when he awoke, and looked out of the window, the mountain had disappeared. The young man hastened full of joy to the king, and told him that his behest was fulfilled, and, whether the king liked it or not, he had to keep to his word, and let his daughter go. So they both went away together, and it was not long before the faithful fox came up to them.
"Well, you have got the best first," said he; "but you must know the golden, horse belongs to the princess of the golden castle." - "But how shall I get it?" asked the young man. "I am going to tell you," answered the fox. "First, go to the king who sent you to the golden castle, and take to him the beautiful princess. There will then be very great rejoicing; he will willingly give you the golden horse, and they will lead him out to you; then mount him without delay, and stretch out your hand to each of them to take leave, and last of all to the princess, and when you have her by the hand swing her up on the horse behind you, and off you go! nobody will be able to overtake you, for that horse goes swifter than the wind."
And so it was all happily done, and the king's son carried off the beautiful princess on the golden horse. The fox did not stay behind, and he said to the young man, "Now, I will help you to get the golden bird. When you draw near the castle where the bird is, let the lady alight, and I will take her under my care; then you must ride the golden horse into the castle-yard, and there will be great rejoicing to see it, and they will bring out to you the golden bird; as soon as you have the cage in your hand, you must start off back to us, and then you shall carry the lady away." The plan was successfully carried out; and when the young man returned with the treasure, the fox said, "Now, what will you give me for my reward?" - "What would you like?" asked the young man. "When we are passing through the wood, I desire that you should slay me, and cut my head and feet off."
"That were a strange sign of gratitude," said the king's son, "and I could not possibly do such a thing." Then said the fox, "If you will not do it, I must leave you; but before I go let me give you some good advice. Beware of two things: buy no gallows-meat, and sit at no brook-side." With that the fox ran off into the wood.
The young man thought to himself, "That is a wonderful animal, with most singular ideas. How should any one buy gallows-meat? and I am sure I have no particular fancy for sitting by a brook-side." So he rode on with the beautiful princess, and their way led them through the village where his two brothers had stayed. There they heard great outcry and noise, and when he asked what it was all about, they told him that two people were going to be hanged. And when he drew near he saw that it was his two brothers, who had done all sorts of evil tricks, and had wasted all their goods. He asked if there were no means of setting them free.
"Oh yes! if you will buy them off," answered the people; "but why should you spend your money in redeeming such worthless men?" But he persisted in doing so; and when they were let go they all went on their journey together.
After a while they came to the wood where the fox had met them first, and there it seemed so cool and sheltered from the sun's burning rays that the two brothers said, "Let us rest here for a little by the brook, and eat and drink to refresh ourselves." The young man consented, quite forgetting the fox's warning, and he seated himself by the brook-side, suspecting no evil. But the two brothers thrust him backwards into the brook, seized the princess, the horse, and the bird, and went home to their father.
"Is not this the golden bird that we bring?" said they; "and we have also the golden horse, and the princess of the golden castle." Then there was great rejoicing in the royal castle, but the horse did not, feed, the bird did not chirp, and the princess sat still and wept.
The youngest brother, however, had not perished. The brook was, by good fortune, dry, and he fell on soft moss without receiving any hurt, but he could not get up again. But in his need the faithful fox was not lacking; he came up running, and reproached him for having forgotten his advice.
"But I cannot forsake you all the same," said he; "I will help you back again into daylight." So he told the young man to grasp his tail, and hold on to it fast, and so he drew him up again. "Still you are not quite out of all danger," said the fox; "your brothers, not being certain of your death, have surrounded the wood with sentinels, who are to put you to death if you let yourself be seen." A poor beggar-man was sitting by the path, and the young man changed clothes with him, and went clad in that wise into the king's courtyard. Nobody knew him, but the bird began to chirp, and the horse began to feed, and the beautiful princess ceased weeping.
"What does this mean?" said the king, astonished. The princess answered, "I cannot tell, except that I was sad, and now I am joyful; it is to me as if my rightful bridegroom had returned." Then she told him all that happened, although the two brothers had threatened to put her to death if she let out anything.
The king then ordered every person who was in the castle to be brought before him, and with the rest came the young man like a beggar in his wretched garments; but the princess knew him, and greeted him well, falling on his neck and kissing him. The wicked brothers were seized and put to death, and the youngest brother was married to the princess, and succeeded to the inheritance of his father.
But what became of the poor fox? Long afterwards the king's son was going through the wood, and the fox met him and said, "Now, you have everything that you can wish for, but my misfortunes never come to an end, and it lies in your power to free me from them." And once more he prayed the king's son earnestly to slay him, and cut off his head and feet. So, at last, he consented, and no sooner was it done than the fox was changed into a man, and was no other than the brother of the beautiful princess; and thus he was set free from a spell that had bound him for a long, long time. And now, indeed, there lacked nothing to their happiness as long as they lived.
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Story DNA
Moral
Listening to good counsel, even from unexpected sources, and showing kindness and loyalty, ultimately leads to success and happiness, while greed and disobedience lead to misfortune.
Plot Summary
A king's golden apples are stolen by a golden bird, prompting his three sons to seek it. The two elder sons fail due to their arrogance and disobedience, falling prey to temptation. The youngest son, guided by a wise fox, embarks on a series of quests for the bird, a golden horse, and a princess, repeatedly failing due to his own occasional disobedience but ultimately succeeding with the fox's help. His treacherous brothers then betray him, stealing his treasures and leaving him for dead, but the fox saves him. Returning disguised, the youngest son exposes his brothers, marries the princess, and frees the fox from a spell, revealing him to be the princess's enchanted brother.
Themes
Emotional Arc
suffering to triumph
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Collected by the Brothers Grimm, this tale reflects common European folklore motifs of quest, magical helpers, and the triumph of the virtuous youngest sibling over envious elders.
Plot Beats (16)
- A king's golden apples are stolen nightly from his garden.
- The eldest two sons fail to guard the tree, falling asleep and losing more apples.
- The youngest son wounds a golden bird stealing an apple, leaving behind a golden feather.
- The king demands the entire golden bird; the eldest son sets out, ignores a fox's advice, and gets sidetracked by a merry inn.
- The second son follows, also ignores the fox, and joins his brother at the inn.
- The youngest son sets out, heeds the fox's advice, and is guided to a castle where the golden bird is kept.
- Disobeying the fox, the youngest son moves the bird to a golden cage, is captured, and is tasked with finding a golden horse.
- Again, the youngest son disobeys the fox's advice regarding the horse's saddle, is captured, and is tasked with bringing the princess of the golden castle.
- The youngest son disobeys the fox's advice about the princess, allowing her to say goodbye, is captured, and tasked with leveling a mountain.
- The fox performs the impossible task of leveling the mountain for the youngest son, who then claims the princess.
- The fox guides the youngest son to retrieve the golden horse and then the golden bird, using strategic exchanges.
- The fox asks the youngest son to kill him; the son refuses, and the fox warns him against 'gallows-meat' and 'brook-side'.
- The youngest son buys his condemned brothers (gallows-meat) and rests by a brook-side, where his brothers betray him, stealing his treasures and leaving him for dead.
- The fox saves the youngest son, advises him to disguise himself as a beggar, and helps him return to the castle.
- The bird, horse, and princess react to the youngest son's presence, revealing his identity and the brothers' treachery.
- The wicked brothers are executed, the youngest son marries the princess, and the fox is revealed to be the princess's enchanted brother, finally freed from his spell.
Characters
The Youngest Son
None explicitly mentioned, but implied to be less favored by his father, suggesting perhaps not as outwardly strong or clever as his brothers, though he proves to be kind and eventually wise.
Attire: Starts in typical princely attire, later changes clothes with a 'poor beggar-man' into 'wretched garments'.
Kind, persistent, initially naive, eventually wise and grateful.
The Fox
A fox with a tail long enough for a human to sit on.
Attire: None, as an animal.
Wise, cunning, loyal, magical, demanding.
The King
None explicitly mentioned.
Attire: Royal attire, implied by his status as king.
Demanding, initially distrustful of his youngest son, eventually just.
The Eldest Son
None explicitly mentioned.
Attire: Princely attire, later implied to be in disarray due to his debauchery, eventually 'gallows-meat'.
Arrogant, pleasure-seeking, disobedient, treacherous.
The Second Son
None explicitly mentioned.
Attire: Princely attire, later implied to be in disarray due to his debauchery, eventually 'gallows-meat'.
Weak-willed, pleasure-seeking, disobedient, treacherous.
The Golden Bird
Feathers glitter like gold.
Attire: None, as an animal.
Magical, desired, symbolic of happiness.
The Princess
Beautiful.
Attire: Implied to be royal attire, befitting a princess of a golden castle.
Sad when separated from her true love, joyful when reunited, truthful, brave.
The Princess's Brother
None explicitly mentioned.
Attire: Implied to be royal attire, as he is a prince.
Under a spell, grateful once freed.
Locations
King's Pleasure-Garden
A beautiful garden at the back of the king's castle, featuring a tree that bore golden apples.
Mood: mysterious, tense (during the watch), magical (with the golden apple tree)
The golden apples are stolen, leading to the watch by the king's sons. The youngest son wounds the golden bird here.
Village with Two Taverns
A village where two taverns stand facing each other; one brightly lit with merriment, the other dull and wretched.
Mood: tempting, contrasting, cautionary
The elder brothers are lured into the merry tavern, forgetting their quest. The youngest son follows the fox's advice and stays in the quiet one.
Castle of the Golden Bird
A castle guarded by sleeping, snoring soldiers, containing a room with a golden bird in a wooden cage and an empty golden cage.
Mood: eerie, silent (due to sleeping guards), opulent (golden cages)
The youngest son disobeys the fox's warning and transfers the bird to the golden cage, leading to his capture.
Brook-side in the Wood
A cool and sheltered spot by a brook within a wood, offering respite from the sun's rays.
Mood: deceptive, peaceful (initially), treacherous
The youngest son, forgetting the fox's warning, is pushed into the dry brook by his brothers.