The Three Black Princesses

by Brothers Grimm · from Household Tales

fairy tale transformation melancholy Ages 8-14 727 words 4 min read
Original Story 727 words · 4 min read

The three black princesses

A fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm

East India was besieged by an enemy who would not retire until he had received six hundred dollars. Then the townsfolk caused it to be proclaimed by beat of drum that whosoever was able to procure the money should be burgomaster. Now there was a poor fisherman who fished on the lake with his son, and the enemy came and took the son prisoner, and gave the father six hundred dollars for him. So the father went and gave them to the great men of the town, and the enemy departed, and the fisherman became burgomaster. Then it was proclaimed that whosoever did not say, "Mr. Burgomaster," should be put to death on the gallows.

The son got away again from the enemy, and came to a great forest on a high mountain. The mountain opened, and he went into a great enchanted castle, wherein chairs, tables, and benches were all hung with black. Then came three young princesses who were entirely dressed in black, but had a little white on their faces; they told him he was not to be afraid, they would not hurt him, and that he could deliver them. He said he would gladly do that, if he did but know how. At this, they told him he must for a whole year not speak to them and also not look at them, and what he wanted to have he was just to ask for, and if they dared give him an answer they would do so. When he had been there for a long while he said he should like to go to his father, and they told him he might go. He was to take with him this purse with money, put on this coat, and in a week he must be back there again.

Then he was caught up, and was instantly in East India. He could no longer find his father in the fisherman's hut, and asked the people where the poor fisherman could be, and they told him he must not say that, or he would come to the gallows. Then he went to his father and said, "Fisherman, how hast thou got here?" Then the father said, "Thou must not say that, if the great men of the town knew of that, thou wouldst come to the gallows." He, however, would not stop, and was brought to the gallows. When he was there, he said, "O, my masters, just give me leave to go to the old fisherman's hut." Then he put on his old smock-frock, and came back to the great men, and said, "Do ye not now see? Am I not the son of the poor fisherman? Did I not earn bread for my father and mother in this dress?" Hereupon his father knew him again, and begged his pardon, and took him home with him, and then he related all that had happened to him, and how he had got into a forest on a high mountain, and the mountain had opened and he had gone into an enchanted castle, where all was black, and three young princesses had come to him who were black except a little white on their faces. And they had told him not to fear, and that he could deliver them. Then his mother said that might very likely not be a good thing to do, and that he ought to take a holy-water vessel with him, and drop some boiling water on their faces.

He went back again, and he was in great fear, and he dropped the water on their faces as they were sleeping, and they all turned half-white. Then all the three princesses sprang up, and said, "Thou accursed dog, our blood shall cry for vengeance on thee! Now there is no man born in the world, nor will any ever be born who can set us free! We have still three brothers who are bound by seven chains they shall tear thee to pieces." Then there was a loud shrieking all over the castle, and he sprang out of the window, and broke his leg, and the castle sank into the earth again, the mountain shut to again, and no one knew where the castle had stood.

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Story DNA

Moral

Misguided advice, even from loved ones, can lead to irreversible and tragic consequences.

Plot Summary

A poor fisherman's son, whose father became burgomaster after his capture, escapes and finds an enchanted castle inhabited by three black princesses. They tell him he can free them by not speaking to or looking at them for a year. Upon returning home, his mother, fearing the princesses are evil, advises him to pour holy water on them. The son, in fear, pours boiling water on the sleeping princesses, partially breaking their enchantment but also incurring their curse, as they reveal he has doomed them and their brothers will seek vengeance. The castle sinks, and the son escapes with a broken leg, leaving the princesses' fate sealed.

Themes

consequences of actionsbetrayalthe price of freedommisguided advice

Emotional Arc

hope to despair

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: brisk
Descriptive: sparse

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs supernatural
Ending: tragic
Magic: enchanted castle, transformation (princesses), magical purse, magical coat, mountain opening/closing, castle sinking
black (representing enchantment/curse)white (representing partial liberation/purity)holy water (representing misguided attempt at purification/protection)

Cultural Context

Origin: German
Era: timeless fairy tale

Grimm's fairy tales often reflect societal anxieties and moral lessons of 19th-century Germany, though this particular tale is less common and more ambiguous in its moral.

Plot Beats (12)

  1. An enemy besieges East India, demanding 600 dollars.
  2. A poor fisherman's son is taken prisoner, and the father receives 600 dollars for him, which he uses to become burgomaster.
  3. The son escapes and finds an enchanted castle where everything is black, and three black princesses reside.
  4. The princesses tell the son he can deliver them from their enchantment by not speaking to or looking at them for a year.
  5. After a long time, the son wishes to visit his father and is given a magical purse and coat, with instructions to return in a week.
  6. The son returns to East India, finds his father is now burgomaster, and nearly faces execution for addressing him as 'fisherman'.
  7. The son reveals his identity to his father and recounts his adventures in the enchanted castle.
  8. The son's mother, suspicious of the princesses, advises him to pour holy water on them to test if they are evil.
  9. The son returns to the castle, filled with fear, and pours boiling water on the sleeping princesses.
  10. The princesses awaken, now half-white, and curse the son, revealing he has ruined their chance for full liberation and that their brothers will seek vengeance.
  11. The castle begins to shriek and sink, and the son jumps from a window, breaking his leg.
  12. The mountain closes, and the castle vanishes, leaving no trace.

Characters

👤

The Fisherman's Son

human young adult male

Unspecified, but strong enough to fish and endure captivity.

Attire: Initially a smock-frock (peasant's tunic), later a fine coat provided by the princesses.

Wearing a fine coat over his old smock-frock.

Obedient (initially), curious, somewhat naive, easily swayed by advice.

👤

The Fisherman

human adult male

Unspecified, but implied to be poor and working class.

Attire: Simple fisherman's attire, later implied to be more formal as burgomaster.

A fisherman's net, later a burgomaster's chain of office.

Desperate, ambitious, fearful of authority, loving towards his son.

✦

The First Black Princess

magical creature young adult female

Dressed entirely in black, with a little white on her face. Becomes half-white after the water is dropped on her.

Attire: Entirely black gown, implied to be regal.

A princess in an all-black gown with a stark white patch on her face.

Enchanted, hopeful for deliverance, vengeful when betrayed.

✦

The Second Black Princess

magical creature young adult female

Dressed entirely in black, with a little white on her face. Becomes half-white after the water is dropped on her.

Attire: Entirely black gown, implied to be regal.

A princess in an all-black gown with a stark white patch on her face.

Enchanted, hopeful for deliverance, vengeful when betrayed.

✦

The Third Black Princess

magical creature young adult female

Dressed entirely in black, with a little white on her face. Becomes half-white after the water is dropped on her.

Attire: Entirely black gown, implied to be regal.

A princess in an all-black gown with a stark white patch on her face.

Enchanted, hopeful for deliverance, vengeful when betrayed.

👤

The Fisherman's Mother

human adult female

Unspecified.

Attire: Simple peasant dress.

A woman holding a holy-water vessel.

Suspicious, superstitious, gives ill-advised counsel.

Locations

Enchanted Castle on a High Mountain

indoor implied cold/mountainous, but castle interior is primary

A great enchanted castle, wherein chairs, tables, and benches were all hung with black. It is located inside a high mountain that opens to reveal it.

Mood: mysterious, eerie, enchanted, somber, foreboding

The son discovers the princesses and learns of their enchantment. Later, he attempts to free them, leading to their curse and his escape.

mountain entrance black-draped chairs black-draped tables black-draped benches three princesses dressed in black

East India Town Square/Gallows

outdoor day not specified

The central area of East India where public proclamations are made and executions are carried out. The gallows are a prominent feature.

Mood: tense, authoritarian, public, fearful

The son is brought to the gallows for not addressing his father as 'Mr. Burgomaster', leading to his identity reveal and reconciliation with his father.

gallows townsfolk great men of the town

Fisherman's Hut

indoor day not specified

The humble dwelling of the poor fisherman, presumably small and simple.

Mood: humble, familiar, domestic

The son returns here to find his father and later dons his old clothes to prove his identity. His mother gives him advice here regarding the princesses.

fisherman's hut old smock-frock