The Three Green Twigs
by Brothers Grimm · from Household Tales
Original Story
The three green twigs
A fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm
There was once on a time a hermit who lived in a forest at the foot of a mountain, and passed his time in prayer and good works, and every evening he carried, to the glory of God, two pails of water up the mountain. Many a beast drank of it, and many a plant was refreshed by it, for on the heights above, a strong wind blew continually, which dried the air and the ground, and the wild birds which dread mankind wheel about there, and with their sharp eyes search for a drink. And because the hermit was so pious, an angel of God, visible to his eyes, went up with him, counted his steps, and when the work was completed, brought him his food, even as the prophet of old was by God's command fed by the raven. When the hermit in his piety had already reached a great age, it happened that he once saw from afar a poor sinner being taken to the gallows. He said carelessly to himself, "There, that one is getting his deserts!" In the evening, when he was carrying the water up the mountain, the angel who usually accompanied him did not appear, and also brought him no food. Then he was terrified, and searched his heart, and tried to think how he could have sinned, as God was so angry, but he did not discover it. Then he neither ate nor drank, threw himself down on the ground, and prayed day and night. And as he was one day thus bitterly weeping in the forest, he heard a little bird singing beautifully and delightfully, and then he was still more troubled and said, "How joyously thou singest, the Lord is not angry with thee. Ah, if thou couldst but tell me how I can have offended him, that I might do penance, and then my heart also would be glad again." Then the bird began to speak and said, "Thou hast done injustice, in that thou hast condemned a poor sinner who was being led to the gallows, and for that the Lord is angry with thee. He alone sits in judgement. However, if thou wilt do penance and repent thy sins, he will forgive thee." Then the angel stood beside him with a dry branch in his hand and said, "Thou shalt carry this dry branch until three green twigs sprout out of it, but at night when thou wilt sleep, thou shalt lay it under thy head. Thou shalt beg thy bread from door to door, and not tarry more than one night in the same house. That is the penance which the Lord lays on thee."
Then the hermit took the piece of wood, and went back into the world, which he had not seen for so long. He ate and drank nothing but what was given him at the doors; many petitions were, however, not listened to, and many doors remained shut to him, so that he often did not get a crumb of bread.
Once when he had gone from door to door from morning till night, and no one had given him anything, and no one would shelter him for the night, he went forth into a forest, and at last found a cave which someone had made, and an old woman was sitting in it. Then said he, "Good woman, keep me with you in your house for this night;" but she said, "No, I dare not, even if I wished, I have three sons who are wicked and wild, if they come home from their robbing expedition, and find you, they would kill us both." The hermit said, "Let me stay, they will do no injury either to you or to me." and the woman was compassionate, and let herself be persuaded. Then the man lay down beneath the stairs, and put the bit of wood under his head. When the old woman saw him do that, she asked the reason of it, on which he told her that he carried the bit of wood about with him for a penance, and used it at night for a pillow, and that he had offended the Lord, because, when he had seen a poor sinner on the way to the gallows, he had said he was getting his deserts. Then the woman began to weep and cried, "If the Lord thus punishes one single word, how will it fare with my sons when they appear before him in judgment?"
At midnight the robbers came home and blustered and stormed. They made a fire, and when it had lighted up the cave and they saw a man lying under the stairs, they fell in a rage and cried to their mother, "Who is the man? Have we not forbidden any one whatsoever to be taken in?" Then said the mother, "Let him alone, it is a poor sinner who is expiating his crime." The robbers asked, "What has he done?" - "Old man," cried they, "tell us thy sins." The old man raised himself and told them how he, by one single word, had so sinned that God was angry with him, and how he was now expiating this crime. The robbers were so powerfully touched in their hearts by this story, that they were shocked with their life up to this time, reflected, and began with hearty repentance to do penance for it. The hermit, after he had converted the three sinners, lay down to sleep again under the stairs. In the morning, however, they found him dead, and out of the dry wood on which his head lay, three green twigs had grown up on high. Thus the Lord had once more received him into his favour.
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Story DNA
Moral
Do not judge others, for only God sits in judgment, and even a single careless word can incur divine displeasure, while true repentance can lead to forgiveness and transformation.
Plot Summary
A pious hermit, accustomed to divine favor, carelessly judges a condemned sinner, leading to God's anger and the withdrawal of his guardian angel. Guided by an angel, he undertakes a penance: carrying a dry branch until three green twigs sprout, begging for sustenance, and never staying long in one place. During his arduous journey, he shelters with an old woman whose three robber sons return home. The hermit's humble tale of his penance for a single judgmental word profoundly moves the hardened criminals, inspiring their repentance. The hermit dies that night, and three green twigs miraculously sprout from his dry branch, signifying his forgiveness and the success of his penance in converting the sinners.
Themes
Emotional Arc
piety to despair to humility to redemption
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Reflects Christian moral teachings prevalent in medieval and early modern Europe, emphasizing the severity of judgment and the power of repentance.
Plot Beats (15)
- A pious hermit performs daily good deeds, aided by an angel.
- The hermit judges a condemned sinner, causing the angel to withdraw and God's anger.
- Distraught, the hermit seeks to understand his sin.
- A bird reveals his sin of judgment, and an angel appears with a dry branch, instructing him to carry it until three green twigs sprout, beg for food, and not stay more than one night in a house.
- The hermit begins his penance, facing hardship and rejection.
- He seeks shelter with an old woman, who warns him of her robber sons.
- The hermit reassures her and sleeps under the stairs with his branch.
- The old woman asks about the branch, and the hermit explains his penance for a single judgmental word.
- The old woman weeps, fearing for her sons' judgment.
- The three robber sons return, angry to find a stranger.
- The mother explains the hermit is a sinner doing penance.
- The hermit tells his story of divine punishment for a single word of judgment.
- The robbers are deeply moved and decide to repent their own wicked lives.
- The hermit dies in his sleep, and three green twigs sprout from his dry branch.
- The Lord's favor is restored, and the robbers are converted.
Characters
The Hermit
A very old man who has lived a long life of piety and good works.
Attire: Simple, worn garments suitable for a hermit living in a forest, likely a rough tunic or robe.
Pious, initially judgmental, repentant, humble, persevering, devout.
The Angel
Appears visible to the hermit, implying a celestial or ethereal form.
Attire: Not explicitly described, but typically depicted in flowing, light-colored robes.
Divine, just, guiding, stern when delivering God's judgment.
The Little Bird
A small bird, capable of beautiful singing.
Wise, communicative, gentle, delivers divine messages.
The Old Woman
An old woman living in a cave.
Attire: Simple, practical clothing suitable for a poor woman living in a cave, likely a coarse dress or skirt and shawl.
Initially fearful, compassionate, repentant, maternal.
The Three Robbers
Three wicked and wild men.
Attire: Practical, dark, and possibly tattered clothing suitable for robbers, perhaps with weapons like knives or clubs.
Wicked, wild, aggressive, easily angered, but ultimately repentant and touched by the hermit's story.
Locations
Forest at the foot of a mountain
A forest at the base of a mountain where a hermit lived, characterized by a strong wind on the heights that dried the air and ground, attracting wild birds.
Mood: Solitary, pious, later troubled and sorrowful.
The hermit's initial pious life, his careless judgment of a sinner, and his subsequent realization of God's anger.
Mountain path
A path leading up the mountain, where the hermit carried two pails of water every evening.
Mood: Pious, routine, later marked by the absence of the angel and a sense of divine displeasure.
The hermit's daily ritual of carrying water, and the angel's absence signifying God's anger.
Cave in the forest
A cave in a forest, previously made by someone, inhabited by an old woman and later her three robber sons. It was lit by a fire at night.
Mood: Initially unwelcoming and dangerous, later transformative and sacred.
The hermit finds shelter, shares his story of penance, and converts the robbers. He dies here, and the three green twigs sprout from his staff.