Blue Beard
by Charles Perrault · from Tales of Mother Goose
Original Story
Blue Beard
There was a man who had fine houses, both in town and country, a deal
of silver and gold plate, embroidered furniture, and coaches gilded
all over with gold. But this man had the misfortune to have a blue
beard, which made him so frightfully ugly, that all the women and
girls ran away from him.
One of his neighbours, a lady of quality, had two daughters who were
perfect beauties. He desired of her one of them in marriage, leaving
to her the choice which of the two she would bestow upon him. They
would neither of them have him, and each made the other welcome of
him, being not able to bear the thought of marrying a man who had a
blue beard. And what besides gave them disgust and aversion, was his
having already been married to several wives, and nobody ever knew
what became of them.
Blue Beard, to engage their affection, took them, with the lady their
mother, and three or four ladies of their acquaintance, with other
young people of the neighbourhood, to one of his country seats, where
they stayed a whole week. There was nothing then to be seen but
parties of pleasure, hunting, fishing, dancing, mirth and feasting.
Nobody went to bed, but all passed the night in playing tricks upon
each other. In short, every thing succeeded so well, that the youngest
daughter began to think the master of the house not to have a beard so
very blue, and that he was a mighty civil gentleman. As soon as they
returned home, the marriage was concluded.
About a month afterwards Blue Beard told his wife that he was obliged
to take a country journey for six weeks at least, about affairs of
very great consequence, desiring her to divert herself in his absence,
to send for her friends and acquaintances, to carry them into the
country, if she pleased, and to make good cheer wherever she was.
"Here," said he, "are the keys of the two great wardrobes, wherein I
have my best furniture; these are of my silver and gold plate, which
is not every day in use; these open my strong boxes, which hold my
money, both gold and silver; these my caskets of jewels; and this is
the master-key to all my apartments. But for this little one here, it
is the key of the closet at the end of the great gallery on the ground
floor. Open them all; go into all and every one of them; except that
little closet which I forbid you, and forbid it in such a manner that,
if you happen to open it, there will be no bounds to my just anger and
resentment."
She promised to observe, very exactly, whatever he had ordered; when
he, after having embraced her, got into his coach and proceeded on his
journey.
[Illustration: "THIS MAN HAD THE MISFORTUNE TO HAVE A BLUE BEARD"]
Her neighbours and good friends did not stay to be sent for by the
newmarried lady, so great was their impatience to see all the rich
furniture of her house, not daring to come while her husband was
there, because of his blue beard which frightened them. They ran thro'
all the rooms, closets, and wardrobes, which were all so rich and
fine, that they seemed to surpass one another.
After that, they went up into the two great rooms, where were the best
and richest furniture; they could not sufficiently admire the number
and beauty of the tapestry, beds, couches, cabinets, stands, tables,
and looking-glasses in which you might see yourself from head to foot;
some of them were framed with glass, others with silver, plain and
gilded, the finest and most magnificent which were ever seen. They
ceased not to extol and envy the happiness of their friend, who in the
mean time no way diverted herself in looking upon all these rich
things, because of the impatience she had to go and open the closet of
the ground floor. She was so much pressed by her curiosity, that,
without considering that it was very uncivil to leave her company, she
went down a little back-stair-case, and with such excessive haste,
that she had twice or thrice like to have broken her neck.
Being come to the closet door, she made a stop for some time, thinking
upon her husband's orders, and considering what unhappiness might
attend her if she was disobedient; but the temptation was so strong
she could not overcome it. She took then the little key, and opened it
trembling; but could not at first see any thing plainly, because the
windows were shut. After some moments she began to perceive that the
floor was all covered over with clotted blood, in which were reflected
the bodies of several dead women ranged against the walls: these were
all the wives whom Blue Beard had married and murdered one after
another. She was like to have died for fear, and the key, which she
pulled out of the lock, fell out of her hand.
* * * * *
After having somewhat recovered her senses, she took up the key,
locked the door, and went up stairs into her chamber to recover
herself; but she could not, so much was she frightened. Having
observed that the key of the closet was stained with blood, she tried
two or three times to wipe it off, but the blood would not come off;
in vain did she wash it, and even rub it with soap and sand, the blood
still remained, for the key was a Fairy, and she could never make it
quite clean; when the blood was gone off from one side, it came again
on the other.
Blue Beard returned from his journey the same evening, and said, he
had received letters upon the road, informing him that the affair he
went about was ended to his advantage. His wife did all she could to
convince him she was extremely glad of his speedy return. Next morning
he asked her for the keys, which she gave him, but with such a
trembling hand, that he easily guessed what had happened.
"What," said he, "is not the key of my closet among the rest?"
"I must certainly," answered she, "have left it above upon the table."
"Fail not," said Blue Beard, "to bring it me presently."
After putting him off several times, she was forced to bring him the
key. Blue Beard, having very attentively considered it, said to his
wife:
"How comes this blood upon the key?"
"I do not know," cried the poor woman, paler than death.
"You do not know," replied Blue Beard; "I very well know, you were
resolved to go into the closet, were you not? Mighty well, Madam; you
shall go in, and take your place among the ladies you saw there."
Upon this she threw herself at her husband's feet, and begged his
pardon with all the signs of a true repentance for her disobedience.
She would have melted a rock, so beautiful and sorrowful was she; but
Blue Beard had a heart harder than any rock.
"You must die, Madam," said he, "and that presently."
"Since I must die," answered she, looking upon him with her eyes all
bathed in tears, "give me some little time to say my prayers."
"I give you," replied Blue Beard, "half a quarter of an hour, but not
one moment more."
* * * * *
When she was alone, she called out to her sister, and said to her:
"Sister Anne" (for that was her name), "go up I beg you, upon the top
of the tower, and look if my brothers are not coming; they promised me
that they would come to-day, and if you see them, give them a sign to
make haste."
Her sister Anne went up upon the top of the tower, and the poor
afflicted wife cried out from time to time, "Anne, sister Anne, do you
see any one coming?"
And sister Anne said:
"I see nothing but the sun, which makes a dust, and the grass growing
green."
In the mean while Blue Beard, holding a great scimitar in his hand,
cried out as loud as he could bawl to his wife:
"Come down instantly, or I shall come up to you."
"One moment longer, if you please," said his wife, and then she cried
out very softly:
"Anne, sister Anne, dost thou see any body coming?"
And sister Anne answered:
"I see nothing but the sun, which makes a dust, and the grass growing
green."
"Come down quickly," cried Blue Beard, "or I will come up to you."
"I am coming," answered his wife; and then she cried:
"Anne, sister Anne, dost thou see any one coming?"
"I see," replied sister Anne, "a great dust that comes this way."
"Are they my brothers?"
"Alas! no, my dear sister, I see a flock of sheep."
"Will you not come down?" cried Blue Beard.
"One moment longer," said his wife, and then she cried out:
"Anne, sister Anne, dost thou see nobody coming?"
"I see," said she, "two horsemen coming, but they are yet a great way
off."
"God be praised," she cried presently, "they are my brothers; I am
beckoning to them, as well as I can, for them to make haste."
Then Blue Beard bawled out so loud, that he made the whole house
tremble. The distressed wife came down, and threw herself at his feet,
all in tears, with her hair about her shoulders.
"Nought will avail," said Blue Beard, "you must die"; then, taking
hold of her hair with one hand, and lifting up his scimitar with the
other, he was going to take off her head.
The poor lady turning about to him, and looking at him with dying
eyes, desired him to afford her one little moment to recollect
herself.
"No, no," said he, "recommend thyself to God," and was just ready to
strike.
At this very instant there was such a loud knocking at the gate, that
Blue Beard made a sudden stop. The gate was opened, and presently
entered two horsemen, who drawing their swords, ran directly to Blue
Beard. He knew them to be his wife's brothers, one a dragoon, the
other a musqueteer; so that he ran away immediately to save himself;
but the two brothers pursued so close, that they overtook him before
he could get to the steps of the porch, when they ran their swords
thro' his body and left him dead. The poor wife was almost as dead as
her husband, and had not strength enough to rise and welcome her
brothers.
Blue Beard had no heirs, and so his wife became mistress of all his
estate. She made use of one part of it to marry her sister Anne to a
young gentleman who had loved her a long while; another part to buy
captains' commissions for her brothers; and the rest to marry herself
to a very worthy gentleman, who made her forget the ill time she had
passed with Blue Beard.
[Illustration]
The Moral
_O curiosity, thou mortal bane!
Spite of thy charms, thou causest often pain
And sore regret, of which we daily find
A thousand instances attend mankind:
For thou--O may it not displease the fair--
A fleeting pleasure art, but lasting care.
And always proves, alas! too dear the prize,
Which, in the moment of possession, dies._
Another
_A very little share of common sense,
And knowledge of the world, will soon evince
That this a story is of time long pass'd;
No husbands now such panic terrors cast;
Nor weakly, with a vain despotic hand,
Imperious, what's impossible, command:
And be they discontented, or the fire
Of wicked jealousy their hearts inspire,
They softly sing; and of whatever hue
Their beards may chance to be, or black, or blue,
Grizeld, or russet, it is hard to say
Which of the two, the man or wife, bears sway._
The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood
[Illustration]
[Illustration: "AT THIS VERY INSTANT THE YOUNG FAIRY CAME OUT FROM
BEHIND THE HANGINGS" (page 50)]
Story DNA
Moral
Unchecked curiosity can lead to severe and lasting pain, and it is unwise to defy explicit warnings, especially from powerful figures.
Plot Summary
A wealthy but terrifying man with a blue beard marries a young woman, despite his mysterious past with several vanished wives. He leaves her with keys to his estate, forbidding her from opening one specific closet. Overcome by curiosity, she disobeys and discovers the gruesome remains of his previous victims, staining the forbidden key with indelible blood. Blue Beard returns, discovers her transgression, and intends to kill her, but she stalls for time, sending her sister to watch for their brothers. Just as Blue Beard is about to strike, her brothers arrive and kill him, saving her life. She inherits his fortune and eventually finds happiness.
Themes
Emotional Arc
initial reluctance to forced joy to terror to relief and liberation
Writing Style
Narrative Elements
Cultural Context
Perrault's version is from the late 17th century, reflecting societal norms and anxieties of that period, particularly regarding female curiosity and male authority. The character of Blue Beard is thought to be inspired by historical figures like Gilles de Rais.
Plot Beats (13)
- Blue Beard, a rich but feared man due to his blue beard and mysterious past wives, seeks a new bride.
- He courts two sisters, who are initially repulsed, but the youngest is swayed by his lavish hospitality and marries him.
- Blue Beard departs on a journey, giving his new wife all keys to his estate but strictly forbidding her from opening one small closet.
- Overcome by curiosity, the wife disobeys and opens the forbidden closet, discovering the bloody corpses of Blue Beard's previous wives.
- Terrified, she drops the key, which becomes stained with indelible blood, revealing her transgression.
- Blue Beard returns unexpectedly early, demands the keys, and immediately notices the blood on the forbidden key.
- He confronts his wife, confesses his murderous nature, and declares she will join his previous victims.
- The wife pleads for a moment to pray, using the time to send her sister Anne to the tower to watch for their brothers' arrival.
- Sister Anne repeatedly reports seeing nothing but the sun and grass as Blue Beard grows increasingly impatient and threatening.
- Just as Blue Beard is about to strike his wife, Sister Anne spots their brothers approaching.
- The brothers, a dragoon and a musketeer, burst in and kill Blue Beard before he can harm his wife.
- The wife inherits Blue Beard's vast wealth.
- She uses the inheritance to marry off her sister, secure commissions for her brothers, and eventually remarries happily, putting the traumatic experience behind her.
Characters
Blue Beard ⚔ antagonist
Frightfully ugly, with a distinctive blue beard.
Attire: Implied to be wealthy, owning fine houses and gilded coaches, suggesting rich attire appropriate for a man of quality in his era.
Deceptive, cruel, possessive, murderous, easily angered, impatient.
Image Prompt & Upload
A tall, imposing nobleman in his late forties with a neatly trimmed, strikingly dark blue beard. He has sharp, angular features, pale skin, and cold, calculating grey eyes. He wears an extravagant, deep burgundy velvet doublet with gold embroidery, dark breeches, and polished leather boots. He stands with an arrogant, upright posture, one hand resting on the pommel of a sheathed sword at his hip, his expression a slight, menacing smirk. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Blue Beard's Wife ★ protagonist
One of two 'perfect beauties' in her family. Described as 'beautiful and sorrowful' when begging for her life.
Attire: Initially dressed as a young woman of quality, later implied to be in a state of distress, perhaps in a nightgown or simple dress.
Curious, disobedient, fearful, repentant, resourceful under pressure.
Image Prompt & Upload
A young woman in her mid-twenties with determined hazel eyes and chestnut brown hair tied back in a practical braid. She wears a sturdy, deep blue woolen dress with a white linen apron, her sleeves rolled up to the elbows. She holds a small iron lantern aloft, its warm light illuminating her resolute expression as she cautiously peers forward. Her posture is alert and slightly leaning, suggesting she is investigating something in a dim, stone-walled corridor. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Sister Anne ◆ supporting
No specific description, but she is the sister of a 'perfect beauty', implying she is also attractive.
Attire: Implied to be dressed as a young woman of quality, appropriate for the era.
Loyal, observant, helpful, calm under pressure.
Image Prompt & Upload
A middle-aged woman with a kind, gentle expression, wearing a traditional black nun's habit with a white wimple and veil. She has warm, compassionate eyes and a soft smile. She stands in a modest pose, hands clasped gently in front of her, wearing simple black shoes. Her posture is upright yet approachable, radiating quiet support. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
The Mother ○ minor
A lady of quality.
Attire: Dressed as a lady of quality, appropriate for the era.
Concerned for her daughters' well-being, but swayed by Blue Beard's charm and wealth.
Image Prompt & Upload
A middle-aged woman with warm, gentle eyes and a soft smile. Her hair is neatly tied back in a practical bun, with a few loose strands framing her face. She wears a simple, modest dress in muted earth tones, with an apron tied around her waist. Her posture is upright yet relaxed, with hands clasped gently in front of her. She exudes a nurturing and caring presence. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
The Dragoon Brother ◆ supporting
One of Blue Beard's wife's brothers.
Attire: Military uniform of a dragoon (cavalry soldier) of the period, with a sword.
Brave, protective, decisive.
Image Prompt & Upload
A young man in his early twenties with a stern, disciplined expression, standing at attention. He wears a formal, high-collared military tunic in dark navy blue with silver frogging and epaulettes, paired with matching trousers tucked into polished black knee-high boots. His short, neat brown hair is partially visible under a bicorne hat adorned with a silver cockade. He holds a sheathed cavalry saber upright at his side with one gloved hand. His posture is rigid and proud. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
The Musqueteer Brother ◆ supporting
One of Blue Beard's wife's brothers.
Attire: Military uniform of a musqueteer (infantry soldier) of the period, with a sword.
Brave, protective, decisive.
Image Prompt & Upload
A young man in his early twenties with a loyal and alert expression, standing at attention. He wears a wide-brimmed hat with a single drooping feather, a fitted doublet with slashed sleeves, breeches, and high leather boots. A leather baldric crosses his chest, holding a rapier at his hip, and he rests one hand on the hilt. His other hand holds a flintlock pistol at his side. He has a neatly trimmed mustache and short, dark hair. Plain white background, full body visible head to toe, single figure, no watermark, no text, no signature.
Locations
Blue Beard's Country Seat
A grand estate with facilities for pleasure parties, hunting, fishing, dancing, mirth, and feasting.
Mood: Festive, luxurious, initially charming.
Blue Beard courts the youngest daughter and her family here, leading to their marriage.
Image Prompt & Upload
A grand Renaissance estate at golden hour, bathed in warm, amber light. The main manor features tall slate-blue towers, ornate stonework, and wide arched windows reflecting the sunset. Manicured parterre gardens with geometric hedges and blooming rose bushes lead to a serene lake where a small wooden dock sits. To the side, a forested area suggests hunting grounds, with a path winding into the trees. The expansive courtyard has a smooth stone floor, suitable for dancing, with elegant iron lanterns beginning to glow. The sky is a soft gradient of peach and lavender, with a few wispy clouds. The atmosphere is opulent, peaceful, and filled with the promise of evening festivities. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration
The Great Gallery on the Ground Floor
A long gallery leading to a forbidden closet.
Mood: Tense, filled with forbidden curiosity.
The wife approaches the forbidden closet, her curiosity building.
Image Prompt & Upload
A grand, elongated gallery on the ground floor of a forgotten palace, stretching into shadow. The marble floor reflects dim light from tall, arched windows where a stormy dusk sky glows with deep purples and grays. Ornate gilded frames line the walls, holding faded portraits, and crystal chandeliers hang overhead, unlit. At the far end, a heavy oak door with iron bindings stands slightly ajar, emitting a faint, eerie blue light. Dust particles float in the air, and the atmosphere is thick with mystery. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration
The Forbidden Closet
A small, dark room with shut windows, its floor covered in clotted blood, and the bodies of several dead women ranged against the walls.
Mood: Horrifying, macabre, terrifying.
The wife discovers Blue Beard's secret, leading to her terror and the stained key.
Image Prompt & Upload
A suffocatingly small, windowless chamber in deep night. The only light is a thin, cold sliver from a cracked door, illuminating dust motes and thick cobwebs. The air is stagnant. The stone floor is slick with a dark, clotted, reddish-black stain that pools in the cracks. Rough-hewn wooden walls are splintered and stained, leaning inward. Against the walls lie still, shrouded shapes beneath grey, moth-eaten blankets, their forms barely distinguishable in the gloom. The atmosphere is one of profound, silent dread and decay. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration.
The Top of the Tower
A high vantage point from which Sister Anne can look out for approaching figures.
Mood: Anxious, hopeful, desperate.
Sister Anne watches for their brothers while Blue Beard threatens his wife below.
Image Prompt & Upload
Sunset view from the top of an ancient, crumbling stone tower. The circular platform has a low, crenellated parapet worn smooth by time. Warm, golden light floods the scene, casting long shadows from the worn stones. Below, a vast, patchwork landscape unfolds: a dark, dense forest, a winding silver river, and distant rolling hills fading into a hazy purple. A single, winding path leads towards a faraway castle silhouette on the horizon. The sky is a gradient of deep orange, soft pink, and lavender, with a few wispy clouds. The atmosphere is serene, lonely, and watchful. No border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration.
The Entrance/Porch of Blue Beard's House
The area just inside the gate and leading to the steps of the porch.
Mood: Dramatic, climactic, violent.
Blue Beard's brothers arrive and kill him, saving his wife.
Image Prompt & Upload
At dusk, an overcast sky casts a muted blue-gray light over the neglected grounds of Blue Beard's house. The wrought iron gate, rusted and slightly ajar, opens onto a flagstone path slick with damp. Twisted, leafless trees frame the view towards the heavy oak porch, its stone steps worn and uneven. Faded crimson paint peels from the porch's wooden pillars, and thick ivy crawls over the dark brick facade. A single, unlit lantern hangs beside the imposing front door. The atmosphere is still and heavy with anticipation, the air cool and misty. Shadows pool in the corners, and the only color comes from a few persistent, blood-red roses blooming defiantly near the steps. no border, no frame, no watermark, no text, no signature, edge-to-edge illustration