Le Moineau Sans Langue

by Claudius Ferrand · from Fables et légendes du Japon

fairy tale moral tale solemn Ages 8-14 1113 words 5 min read
Cover: Le Moineau Sans Langue

Adapted Version

CEFR A1 Age 5 373 words 2 min Canon 100/100

Once upon a time, a kind Old Man lived alone. He loved a Little Sparrow. The Little Sparrow was his best friend.

One day, the Old Man went away. The Little Sparrow ate some food. The food was not his. It was the Old Woman's food.

The Old Woman was very angry. She grabbed the Little Sparrow. She hurt his tongue. Now he could not sing.

The Little Sparrow was very sad. He flew away. He flew to his mother's home.

The Old Man came home. His Little Sparrow was gone. The Old Woman told him. She smiled a bad smile. The Old Man was very sad.

The Old Man walked and walked. He looked for his friend. "Little Sparrow! Where are you?" he called.

A bird sat on a tree. "I am the Sparrow Mother," she said. "Come with me. I know where he is."

The Old Man followed her. He found the Little Sparrow! The Little Sparrow was so happy. He jumped on the Old Man's hand. They were together again.

"Thank you for your kindness," the Sparrow Mother said. "Here are two boxes. One is big. One is small. Pick one."

The Old Man picked the small box. He was not greedy. He went home. He opened the box. It was full of shiny treasures! Now he was very happy.

The Old Woman heard this news. She wanted treasure too. "I will go to the sparrows," she said. She wanted the big box.

The sparrows were kind to her. They gave her food. Then they showed her two boxes. One big. One small.

The Old Woman grabbed the big box. "This one is mine!" she said. She wanted more treasure.

The Old Woman ran home fast. She opened the big box. But no treasure was inside! Loud, scary sounds came out. Sticky mud flew everywhere. It covered her house. It covered her things. The Old Woman cried and cried. Her house was a big mess. She was very, very sad. She made a bad choice.

The kind Old Man lived happily. The greedy Old Woman was very sad. She learned her lesson. Always be kind, not greedy!

See? Being kind is good. Being greedy is not good. Always choose kindness!

Original Story 1113 words · 5 min read

Le Moineau sans langue

Au village de Nagatani, vivaient autrefois, dans deux maisons voisines, un brave homme de vieux et une méchante vieille. Le premier s'appelait Nasakéji, la seconde Arababa. Le vieux aimait beaucoup les oiseaux. Il avait surtout pour les moineaux une préférence marquée. Un jour, il en dénicha un tout petit, le prit chez lui, l'apprivoisa, le nomma Bidori, et le soigna comme son fils. Or, écoutez ce qui arriva.

Un matin, le bon vieux était allé à la montagne, pour ramasser du menu bois. Pendant l'absence de son maître, le petit Bidori commit un méfait, bien excusable à son âge. Il alla becqueter de l'amidon que la vieille voisine avait déposé sur le devant de sa porte, et qu'elle destinait à la lessive. Arababa furieuse s'empara du moineau et, pour le punir, lui coupa la langue. L'oiseau, souffrant horriblement et fort ennuyé d'être devenu muet, ne voulut plus rester au village. Il se sauva, et alla retrouver sa mère, qui le reçut avec joie et se mit à le soigner.

Nasakéji revient de la montagne; il ne retrouve plus son cher Bidori. Étonné, il va prendre des informations chez la méchante voisine, qui lui raconte, avec un mauvais sourire, ce qui s'est passé.

Arababa s'empara du moineau et lui coupa la langue.

Nasakéji est devenu tout triste. La maison lui paraît bien vide à présent. La solitude lui pèse. Un jour, il n'y tient plus. Il part à la recherche du moineau:

– Bidori, où es-tu? Où es-tu, Bidori? crie-t-il le long des routes et des sentiers.

Tout à coup, il entend un cri au-dessus de sa tête. Il lève les yeux et aperçoit un moineau déjà âgé, perché sur une branche d'arbre.

– N'êtes-vous pas Monsieur Nasakéji?

– Parfaitement, c'est moi. Et toi, qui es-tu?

– Moi? je suis la mère de Bidori.

– Pas possible? Et moi qui le cherche partout! Où est-il maintenant, mon petit moineau sans langue?

– Il est à la maison. Si vous voulez le voir, je vais vous y conduire, suivez-moi!

Nasakéji leva les yeux et aperçut un moineau perché sur une branche.

Et l'oiseau prend son vol. Le vieillard, tout heureux à la pensée de retrouver son ami, court plutôt qu'il ne marche à sa suite. Il arrive ainsi à la demeure de l'oiseau.

C'est une grotte profonde, creusée dans le rocher. Un grand nombre de petits moineaux accourent en volant au devant du visiteur, et le saluent avec les signes de la plus grande joie. On le conduit à la pièce principale, où il retrouve Bidori. Celui-ci, plein de joie à la vue de son maître, vole sur ses épaules et, par mille caresses, lui témoigne son affection.

– Eh bien, lui dit le vieillard, veux-tu retourner avec moi! Je suis venu te chercher. Je m'ennuie depuis que tu n'es plus à la maison.

Bidori, n'ayant plus de langue, ne pouvait pas répondre. Sa mère répondit pour lui:

– Non, dit-elle, je ne veux pas que mon enfant retourne au village. La méchante vieille finirait par le tuer. Il restera ici, avec sa mère.

Ensuite, on fit asseoir Nasakéji sur un moelleux coussin; on lui servit le thé, puis on lui donna du poisson à manger et du saké à boire.

Quand il eut fini de manger, il voulut prendre congé de ses hôtes. On essaya de le retenir, mais il prétexta qu'il avait des affaires pressantes. Alors la mère de Bidori tira de son coffre deux boîtes en laque, une grande et une petite. Les présentant au vieillard, elle lui dit:

– Veuillez emporter une de ces deux boîtes, comme marque de ma reconnaissance pour l'affection que vous avez portée à mon fils. Choisissez celle qui vous conviendra le mieux.

Nasakéji, qui n'avait pas d'avarice, choisit la plus petite, disant qu'étant la moins lourde, elle était plus facile à porter. Puis il dit au revoir à Bidori, à sa mère et à tous les petits moineaux. On l'accompagna à la porte, où l'on se fit les saluts d'usage, et ils se séparèrent.

De retour chez lui, le vieillard ouvre la boîte. Quelle n'est pas sa surprise! Elle est pleine de diamants et de pierres précieuses. Tout joyeux de cette fortune qui lui arrive, il va de ce pas à la ville, vend tous ses trésors à un bijoutier, en retire une somme considérable. Avec cette somme, il s'achète un vaste champ, se fait construire une belle maison, et commence à mener une vie très heureuse.

La vieille Arababa, ayant appris comment son voisin était tout d'un coup devenu si riche, éprouva un violent désir de le devenir à son tour, par le même moyen. Elle s'informa donc avec précision de l'endroit où habitait ce moineau, qui faisait à ses visiteurs des cadeaux si splendides. Elle résolut d'aller le voir, pensant bien qu'à elle aussi, il donnerait une boîte.

Lorsqu'elle arriva à la grotte, les moineaux reconnurent tout de suite que c'était la méchante vieille qui avait coupé la langue à Bidori. Ils cachèrent tout d'abord ce qu'ils pensaient au fond du cœur. On la reçut fort poliment et on lui offrit à manger.

Puis, la mère tira de son coffre deux boîtes en laque, une grande et une petite, et pria la vieille d'en emporter une à son choix.

Arababa, qui n'était venue que dans cette intention, ne se sentit pas d'aise à la vue des deux boîtes. Pensant que la plus grande contenait beaucoup plus de trésors que l'autre, elle n'hésita pas une seconde, elle choisit la plus grande et quitta la grotte.

Vite, Arababa retourne chez elle, allègre et contente. En chemin, elle fait de magnifiques projets d'avenir. Elle ira habiter la ville, portera de beaux habits de soie, offrira de grands dîners aux dames du monde, se promènera en voiture… Toute pleine de ces idées, elle arrive chez elle, ferme bien la porte, pour qu'aucun œil indiscret n'aperçoive les trésors qu'elle porte, et vite entr'ouvre la boîte.

Une multitude de démons s'échappèrent de la boîte.

Aussitôt voilà que de la boîte mystérieuse s'échappent en poussant des cris aigus, une multitude de démons. Ils se précipitent sur la vieille, pâle et muette d'épouvante. Ils s'emparent de tout ce qui leur tombe sous la main. L'un saisit un couteau de cuisine et coupe d'un seul coup la langue d'Arababa. Un autre prend des tisons ardents et les lui enfonce dans les yeux. Un troisième s'empare d'une corde et lui en applique de violents coups. Enfin un quatrième saisit une massue et assomme la vieille qui ne tarde pas à expirer au milieu d'indicibles souffrances.

Morale: quand un moineau gracieux vous offrira deux boîtes, prenez toujours la plus petite.


Story DNA

Moral

Greed leads to ruin, while kindness is rewarded. Or, as stated in the story: when a graceful sparrow offers you two boxes, always take the smaller one.

Plot Summary

A kind old man, Nasakéji, dotes on his pet sparrow, Bidori. When Bidori pecks at starch belonging to the cruel neighbor, Arababa, she brutally cuts out his tongue, causing him to flee. Nasakéji, heartbroken, searches for Bidori and is led by Bidori's mother to their hidden home, where he is welcomed. As a token of gratitude, he is offered a choice between a large and a small lacquer box; he humbly chooses the small one, which reveals a fortune in gems. Hearing of his wealth, the greedy Arababa visits the sparrows, chooses the large box, and upon opening it, is attacked and killed by demons, receiving just retribution for her wickedness.

Themes

kindness and crueltygreed and generosityjustice and retributionconsequences of actions

Emotional Arc

suffering to triumph for the kind man; pride to humility and destruction for the cruel woman

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: direct address to reader (e.g., 'Or, écoutez ce qui arriva.')

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs person
Ending: moral justice
Magic: talking animals (sparrows), hidden animal dwelling (cave), magical boxes (one with treasure, one with demons), demons
the tongue-cut sparrow (symbol of innocence harmed)the two lacquer boxes (symbol of choice and consequence)gems (reward for kindness)demons (punishment for greed and cruelty)

Cultural Context

Origin: Japanese (though retold by a French author, the story is a classic Japanese folk tale)
Era: timeless fairy tale

This story is a French retelling of the classic Japanese folk tale 'Shita-kiri Suzume' (The Tongue-Cut Sparrow), which emphasizes traditional Japanese values of kindness, humility, and the consequences of greed and cruelty.

Plot Beats (14)

  1. Nasakéji, a kind old man, adopts and cares for a sparrow named Bidori.
  2. While Nasakéji is away, Bidori pecks at starch left out by the cruel neighbor, Arababa.
  3. Arababa, enraged, captures Bidori and cuts out his tongue as punishment.
  4. Bidori, mute and suffering, flees to his mother's home.
  5. Nasakéji returns, discovers Bidori is gone, and learns of Arababa's cruelty.
  6. Saddened, Nasakéji sets out to find Bidori, calling his name along the way.
  7. Bidori's mother recognizes Nasakéji and leads him to their hidden cave home.
  8. Nasakéji is joyfully reunited with Bidori and is offered hospitality by the sparrows.
  9. As a farewell gift, Bidori's mother offers Nasakéji a choice between a large and a small lacquer box.
  10. Nasakéji, without greed, chooses the small box, which he later opens to find filled with diamonds and precious stones, making him rich.
  11. Arababa, hearing of Nasakéji's sudden wealth, becomes consumed by greed and decides to visit the sparrows herself.
  12. The sparrows, recognizing Arababa as Bidori's tormentor, still offer her hospitality and the choice of two boxes.
  13. Arababa, driven by avarice, chooses the large box, expecting greater treasures.
  14. Upon opening the large box at home, a multitude of demons emerge, attacking and brutally killing Arababa as punishment for her cruelty and greed.

Characters

👤

Nasakéji

human elderly male

A kind and gentle old man, likely of average height and a slightly stooped posture from age, but still capable of walking long distances. His face would show the lines of a life lived, but with a warm, benevolent expression. Given the Japanese setting, he would have a typical East Asian appearance.

Attire: Simple, practical Japanese peasant clothing: a loose-fitting, indigo-dyed cotton kimono or yukata, perhaps with a plain obi sash, and straw zori sandals. When going to the mountain, he might wear a straw hat (kasa) and carry a woven basket for wood.

Wants: To care for and be reunited with his beloved pet, Bidori. Later, to live a peaceful and happy life.

Flaw: His deep affection for Bidori makes him vulnerable to sadness and loneliness.

Starts as a lonely old man, finds joy in Bidori, suffers immense sadness when Bidori is lost, embarks on a quest to find him, is rewarded for his kindness, and ends up wealthy and happy, living a comfortable life.

His gentle, wrinkled face expressing deep affection, often with a sparrow perched on his shoulder.

Kind, compassionate, lonely, persistent, unavaricious.

👤

Arababa

human elderly female

A mean-spirited old woman, likely gaunt or sharp-featured, reflecting her unpleasant nature. Her posture would be rigid or hunched, conveying her bitterness. Given the Japanese setting, she would have a typical East Asian appearance.

Attire: Simple, drab Japanese peasant clothing, perhaps a faded, dark-colored cotton kimono, worn and unadorned, reflecting her miserly and unpleasant nature. She would likely wear practical, worn wooden geta or zori.

Wants: To punish Bidori for a minor transgression. Later, to acquire wealth through the same means as Nasakéji, driven by envy.

Flaw: Her overwhelming greed and malice, which lead to her downfall and gruesome death.

Starts as a cruel neighbor, commits an act of violence against Bidori, becomes envious of Nasakéji's fortune, attempts to replicate his success through greed, and meets a violent, deserved end.

Her 'bad smile' and the sharp, cruel glint in her eyes.

Cruel, vengeful, greedy, envious, malicious.

✦

Bidori

sparrow young adult non-human

A small, delicate sparrow, initially a tiny fledgling, growing into a healthy young bird. Its most distinguishing feature is the absence of its tongue after Arababa's cruelty.

Attire: Natural sparrow plumage.

Wants: To escape suffering and find safety with its mother. To show affection to its master, Nasakéji.

Flaw: Its small size and vulnerability to human cruelty. The loss of its tongue renders it mute.

Starts as a beloved pet, suffers a traumatic injury, flees to its natural family, is reunited with its master, and chooses to remain with its mother for safety.

A small sparrow with a slightly open beak, indicating its missing tongue, perched affectionately on Nasakéji's shoulder.

Affectionate, trusting (initially), playful (initially), suffering, resilient.

✦

Bidori's Mother

sparrow adult non-human

A mature sparrow, slightly larger and perhaps more robust than Bidori, with the typical brown and grey plumage. She would exude a sense of wisdom and maternal protection.

Attire: Natural sparrow plumage.

Wants: To protect her son, Bidori, and ensure his safety. To express gratitude to Nasakéji for his kindness to Bidori.

Flaw: Her strong maternal instincts, which could make her overly cautious.

Receives her injured son, cares for him, hosts Nasakéji, and rewards his kindness while protecting Bidori from further harm. She remains a steadfast, wise figure.

A mature sparrow with a knowing gaze, often seen near a lacquered box.

Protective, wise, grateful, hospitable, firm.

Locations

Village of Nagatani

outdoor Implied temperate climate, likely sunny mornings for chores.

A traditional Japanese village setting with two neighboring houses, one belonging to the kind old man Nasakéji and the other to the wicked old woman Arababa. The houses are likely traditional minka (folk houses) with thatched or tiled roofs, possibly surrounded by small gardens or fields.

Mood: Initially peaceful and domestic, later tinged with sadness and malice.

Bidori the sparrow is found and cared for by Nasakéji; Bidori pecks at Arababa's starch and has its tongue cut; Nasakéji searches for Bidori.

Nasakéji's minka house Arababa's minka house Front of Arababa's door with starch for laundry Village paths and roads

Mountain Path

outdoor morning Clear, pleasant weather suitable for foraging.

A winding path through a Japanese mountain, where Nasakéji goes to gather firewood. The path is likely unpaved, surrounded by trees and natural foliage.

Mood: Serene and natural, later becoming a place of hopeful searching.

Nasakéji goes to gather wood; he later searches for Bidori along these paths and encounters Bidori's mother.

Winding dirt path Japanese mountain trees (e.g., pine, maple, cedar) Branches for firewood Overhanging tree branches where sparrows perch

Sparrow's Cave Dwelling

indoor day Sheltered from external weather, implies a stable, comfortable interior.

A deep cave dwelling carved into the rock, serving as the home for Bidori and his family. The interior is surprisingly comfortable, with a main room where guests are received, featuring soft cushions and traditional Japanese serving items like lacquer boxes.

Mood: Warm, welcoming, and magical for Nasakéji; later eerie and menacing for Arababa.

Nasakéji reunites with Bidori; he is offered food, drink, and chooses a small lacquer box; Arababa visits, is offered food, and chooses a large lacquer box, unleashing demons.

Deep rock-hewn cave entrance Main chamber within the cave Soft zabuton cushions for seating Low lacquered table Tea ceremony items (chawan, chasen) Lacquer boxes (ōbako and kobako) Small birds (sparrows) flying around