LIBRO SÉPTIMO

by Félix María Samaniego · from Fábulas

fable moral tale satirical Ages 8-14 2265 words 10 min read
Cover: LIBRO SÉPTIMO

Adapted Version

CEFR A1 Age 5 476 words 3 min Canon 80/100

Hello, little friends! Today, we have stories about animals and people. Each story has a special lesson. Let's begin!

A quiet Owl lives in a big barn. He sits very still on a beam. He thinks he is very smart. He feels very clever. He does not talk much. A kind Man sees the Owl. The Man asks, "Why are you quiet?" The Owl says, "I am wise. Other birds like me. They watch me. They look at me." The Man smiles. He says, "No, Owl. They do not like you. They think you are silly." The Owl is surprised. The Man says, "Being quiet is good. But listening to others is better." It is good to listen to others.

A hungry Monkey finds a green nut. He wants to eat it now. He is very eager. He tries to open it with his hands. It is very hard. His hands hurt. He bites it with his teeth. It tastes very bad. He makes a face. The Monkey throws the nut away. He is still hungry. He feels sad. He did not wait for the nut to ripen. He did not try to open it with a strong stone. He gave up too fast. He should be patient. It is good to try again!

Aesop is a wise man. He knows many things. He plays with children. He laughs and runs with them. They have much fun. A man sees Aesop. The man looks puzzled. The man asks, "Why do you play?" Aesop holds a bow. He says, "This bow needs rest." It cannot be tight always. "If I pull it always, it will break." "Our minds need rest too." "We need to play and rest." It is good to rest and play.

Many animals live in the forest. They live in peace. They wish they were different. They look at others. A Fox says, "I wish I had wings." He wants to fly high. A Bird says, "I wish I could swim." She wants to dive deep. A Fish says, "I wish I could run." He wants to run fast. The Wise Leader calls them. He gathers them all. He says, "You are all special." "You are good just as you are." You are perfect. "Each one is unique." "Be happy with yourself." It is good to be yourself.

A Goat has a long beard. It is soft and white. He wants to look special. He wants a new style. He shaves his beard off. Now he looks very different. His chin is bare. He walks around the farm. Other animals look at him. They stare and stare. They do not know him. The Goat feels a bit silly. He misses his long beard. He feels a bit sad. He learns to love his beard. It is good to be happy with how you look.

Original Story 2265 words · 10 min read

LIBRO SÉPTIMO

FÁBULA PRIMERA

El Raposo enfermo.

El tiempo, que consume de hora en hora

Los fuertes murallones elevados,

Y lo mismo devora

Montes agigantados,

  Á un Raposo quitó de día en día

Dientes, fuerza, valor, salud, de suerte

Que él mismo conocía

Que se hallaba en las garras de la muerte.

Cercado de parientes y de amigos,

Dijo en trémula voz y lastimera:

—¡Oh vosotros, testigos

De mi hora postrera,

Atentos escuchad un desengaño!

Mis ya pasadas culpas me atormentan,

Ahora conjuradas en mi daño.

¿No véis cómo á mi lado se presentan?

  Mirad, mirad los gansos inocentes,

Con su sangre teñidos,

Y los pavos en partes diferentes

Al furor de[351] mis garras divididos.

  Apartad esas aves que aquí veo,

Y me piden sus pollos devorados;

Su infernal cacareo[352]

Me tiene los oídos penetrados.—

  Los Raposos le afirman con tristeza

(No sin lamerse labios y narices)

—Tienes debilitada la cabeza,

Ni una pluma se ve de cuanto dices.

  Y bien lo puedes creer que si se viese...

—¡Oh glotones! callad: ya os entiendo,

El enfermo exclamó: ¡si yo pudiese

Corregir las costumbres cual pretendo!

  ¿No sentís que los gustos,

Si son contra la paz de la conciencia,

Se cambian en disgustos?

Tengo de esta verdad gran experiencia.

Expuestos á las trampas y á los perros,

Matáis y perseguís á todo trapo[353]

En la aldea gallinas, y en los cerros

Los inocentes lomos del gazapo[354].

Moderad, hijos míos, las pasiones,

Observad vida quieta y arreglada,

Y con buenas acciones

Ganaréis opinión muy estimada.

—Aunque nos convirtamos en corderos,

Le respondió un oyente sentencioso,

Otros han de robar los gallineros[355]

Á costa de la fama del Raposo.

Jamás se cobra la opinión perdida:

Esto es lo uno; á más, ¿usted pretende

Que mudemos de vida?

Quien malas mañas ha... ya usted me entiende.

—Sin embargo, hermanito, crea, crea...

El enfermo le dijo. ¡Mas qué siento!...

¿No oís que una gallina cacarea?

Esto sí que no es cuento.—

  Á Dios, sermón; escápase la gente.

El enfermo orador esfuerza el grito:

—¿Os váis, hermanos? Pues tened presente

Que no me haría daño algún pollito.

FÁBULA II

Las Exequias de la Leona.

En su regia caverna, inconsolable,

El rey León yacía[356],

Porque en el mismo día

Murió (¡cruel dolor!) su esposa amable.

Á palacio la corte toda llega,

Y en fúnebre aparato se congrega.

En la cóncava gruta resonaba

Del triste rey el doloroso llanto.

Allí los cortesanos entre tanto

También gemían, porque el rey lloraba;

Que si el viudo monarca se riera,

La corte lisonjera

Trocara en risa el lamentable paso.

Perdone la difunta, voy al caso.

Entre tanto sollozo

El Ciervo no lloraba (yo lo creo),

Porque lleno de gozo

Miraba ya cumplido su deseo.

La tal reina le había devorado

Un hijo y la mujer al desdichado.

El Ciervo, en fin, no llora;

El concurso lo advierte,

El monarca lo sabe, y en la hora

Ordena con furor darle la muerte.

—¿Cómo podré llorar, el Ciervo dijo,

Si apenas puedo hablar de regocijo?

Ya disfruta, gran rey, más venturosa

Los elíseos campos vuestra esposa:

Me lo ha revelado á la venida,

Muy cerca de la gruta, aparecida:

Me mandó lo callase algún momento[357],

Porque gusta mostréis el sentimiento.—

Dijo así, y el concurso cortesano

Aclamó por milagro la patraña[358].

El Ciervo consiguió que el soberano

Cambiase en amistad su fiera saña.

  Los que en la indignación han incurrido

De los grandes señores,

Á veces su favor han conseguido

Con ser aduladores.

Mas no por esto advierto

Que el medio sea justo; pues es cierto

Que á más príncipes vicia

La adulación servil, que la malicia.

FÁBULA III

El Poeta y la Rosa.

Una fresca mañana

En el florido campo

Un Poeta buscaba

Las delicias de mayo.

Al peso de las flores

Se inclinaban los ramos,

Como para ofrecerse

Al huésped solitario.

Una Rosa lozana,

Movida al aire blando,

Le llama, y él se acerca;

La toma, y dice ufano:

—Quiero, Rosa, que vayas

No más que por un rato

Á que la hermosa Clori[359]

Te reciba en su mano.

Mas no, no, pobrecita[360],

Que si vas á su lado,

Tendrás de su hermosura

Unos celos amargos.

Tu süave fragancia,

Tu color delicado,

El verdor de tus hojas,

Y tus pimpollos caros

Entre estas florecillas

Pueden ser alabados;

Mas junto á Clori bella

Es locura pensarlo.

Marchita, cabizbaja

Te irías deshojando,

Hasta parar tu vida

En un desnudo cabo.

  La Rosa, que hasta entonces

No despegó sus labios,

Le dijo resentida:

—Poeta chabacano,

Cuando á un héroe quieras

Coronar con el lauro,

Del jardín de sus hechos

Has de cortar los ramos.

Por labrar su corona,[361]

No es justo que tus manos

Desnuden otras sienes

Que la virtud y el mérito adornaron.

FÁBULA IV

El Buho y el Hombre.

Vivía en un granero retirado

  Un reverendo Buho, dedicado

  Á sus meditaciones,

  Sin olvidar la caza de ratones.

  Se dejaba ver poco, mas con arte:

  Al Gran Turco imitaba en esta parte.

  El dueño del granero

  Por azar advirtió que en un madero

  El pájaro nocturno

Con gravedad estaba taciturno.

El Hombre le miraba, se reía:

—¡Qué carita de pascua! le decía.

¿Puede haber más ridículo visaje?

Vaya, que eres un raro personaje.

¿Por qué no has de vivir alegremente

Con la pájara gente[362],

Seguir desde la aurora

Á la turba canora

De jilgueros, calandrias, ruiseñores,

Por valles, fuentes, árboles y flores?

—Piensas á lo vulgar: eres un necio,

Dijo el solemne Buho con desprecio:

—Mira, mira ignorante,

Á la sabiduría en mi semblante;

Mi aspecto, mi silencio, mi retiro

Aun yo mismo lo admiro.

Si rara vez me digno, como sabes,

De visitar la luz, todas las aves

Me siguen y rodean; desde luego

Mi mérito conocen: no lo niego.

—¡Ah, tonto, presumido!

(El hombre dijo así) ten entendido

Que las aves, muy lejos de admirarte,

Te siguen y rodean por burlarte.

De ignorante orgulloso te motejan,

Como yo á aquellos hombres que se alejan

Del trato de las gentes,

Y con extravagancias diferentes

Han llegado á doctores en la ciencia

De ser sabios no más que en la apariencia.

  De esta suerte de locos

Hay hombres como buhos, y no pocos.

FÁBULA V

La Mona.

Subió una Mona á un nogal

Y cogiendo una nuez verde,

En la cáscara la muerde;

Con que la[363] supo muy mal.

Arrojóla el animal,

Y se quedó sin comer.

  Así suele suceder

Á quien su empresa abandona,

Porque halla, como la Mona,

Al principio que vencer.

FÁBULA VI

Esopo y un Ateniense.

Cercado de muchachos,

Y jugando á las nueces,

Estaba el viejo Esopo

Más que todos alegre.

—¡Ah pobre! ¡ya chochea!

Le dijo un Ateniense.

En respuesta el Anciano

Coge un arco que tiene

La cuerda floja, y dice:

—Ea, si es que lo entiendes,

Dime, ¿qué significa

El arco de esta suerte?—

Lo examina el de Atenas,

Piensa, cavila, vuelve,

Y se fatiga en vano,

Pues que no lo comprende.

El Frigio[364] victorioso

Le dijo:—Amigo, advierte,

Que romperás el arco

Si está tirante siempre:

Si flojo, ha de servirte,

Cuando tú lo quisieres.

  Si al ánimo estudioso

Algún recreo dieren,

Volverá á sus tareas

Mucho más útilmente.

FÁBULA VII

Demetrio y Menandro.

Si te falta el buen nombre,

Fabio en vano presumes

Que en el mundo te tengan por grande[365] hombre

Si más que por tus galas y perfumes.

  Demetrio el faleriano[366] se apodera

De Atenas; y aunque fué con tiranía,

De agradable manera

Los del vulgo le aclaman á porfía.

Los grandes y los nobles distinguidos

Con fingido placer la mano besan

Que los tiene oprimidos.

Aun á los que en el ocio se embelesan,

Y á la poltrona gente

Los arrastra el temor al cumplimiento:

Con ellos va Menandro juntamente,

Dramático escritor de gran talento,

Cuyas obras leyó, sin conocerle,

Demetrio. Con perfumes olorosos

Y pasos afectados entra: al verle

Llegar entre los tardos perezosos,

El nuevo arconte[367] prorrumpió enojado:

—¿Con qué valor se pone en mi presencia

Ese hombre afeminado?

—Señor, le respondió la concurrencia,

Es Menandro, el autor.—Al punto muda

De semblante el tirano:

Al escritor saluda,

Y con grata expresión le da la mano.

FÁBULA VIII

Las Hormigas.

Lo que hoy las hormigas son,

Eran los hombres antaño:

De lo propio y de lo extraño

Hacían su provisión.

Júpiter, que tal pasión

Notó de siglos atrás,

No pudiendo aguantar más,

En Hormigas los transforma.

*Ellos mudaron de forma.

¿Y de costumbres? Jamás.*

FÁBULA IX

Los Gatos escrupulosos.

Á las once, y aun más de la mañana,

La cocinera Juana,

Con pretexto de hablar á la vecina,

Se sale, cierra, y deja en la cocina

Á Micifuf y Zapirón hambrientos.

  Al punto (pues no gastan cumplimientos

Gatos enhambrecidos)

Se avanzan á probar de los cocidos.

—¡Fú, dijo Zapirón, maldita olla!

¡Cómo abrasa! Veamos esa polla

Que está en el asador lejos del fuego.—

Ya también escaldado, desde luego

Se arrima Micifuf, y en un instante

Muestra cada trinchante[368]

Que en el arte cisoria[369], sin gran pena,

Pudiera dar lecciones á Villena.

Concluído el asunto,

El señor Micifuf tocó este punto:

Utrum[370], si se podía ó no en conciencia

Comer el asador.—¡Oh qué demencia!

(Exclamó Zapirón en altos gritos)

¡Cometer el mayor de los delitos!

¿No sabes que el herrero

Ha llevado por él mucho dinero,

Y que, si bien la cosa se examina,

Entre la batería de cocina[371]

No hay un mueble más serio y respetable?

Tu pasión te ha engañado, miserable.—

Micifuf en efecto

Abandonó el proyecto;

Pues eran los dos Gatos

De suerte timoratos

Que si el diablo, tentando sus pasiones,

Les pusiese asadores á millones,

(No hablo yo de las pollas) ó me engaño,

Ó no comieran uno en todo el año.

De otro modo.

¡Qué dolor! por un descuido

Micifuf y Zapirón

Se comieron un capón

En un asador metido.

Después de haberse lamido,

Trataron en conferencia

Si obrarían con prudencia

En comerse el asador.

*¿Lo comieron? No señor;

Era caso de conciencia.*

FÁBULA X

El Águila y la Asamblea de los animales.

Todos los Animales cada instante

Se quejaban á Júpiter tonante

De la misma manera

Que si fuese un alcalde de montera[372].

El dios (y con razón) amostazado,

Viéndose importunado,

Por dar fin de una vez á las querellas,

En lugar de sus rayos y centellas,

De recetor[373] envia desde el cielo

Al águila rapante, que de un vuelo

En la tierra juntó los animales,

Y expusieron en suma cosas tales[374]:

Pidió el León la astucia del Raposo,

Éste de aquél lo fuerte y valeroso;

Envidia la Paloma al Gallo fiero;

El Gallo á la Paloma en lo ligero;

Quiere el Sabueso patas más felices,

Y cuenta como nada sus narices.

El Galgo lo contrario solicita;

Y en fin (¡cosa inaudita!)

Los peces, de las ondas ya cansados,

Quieren poblar los bosques y los prados;

Y las bestias, dejando sus lugares,

Surcar las olas de los anchos mares.

  Después de oírlo todo,

El Águila concluye de este modo:

—«¿Ves, maldita caterva impertinente,

Que entre tanto viviente

De uno y otro elemento,

Pues nadie está contento,

No se encuentra feliz ningún destino?

¿Pues para qué envidiar el del vecino[375]

Con solo este discurso

Aun el bruto mayor de aquel concurso

Se dió por convencido.

  De modo que es sabido

Que ya sólo se matan los humanos

En[376] envidiar la suerte á sus hermanos.

FÁBULA XI

La Paloma.

Un pozo pintado vió

Una paloma sedienta[377]:

Tiróse á él tan violenta,

Que contra la tabla dió:

Del golpe al suelo cayó,

Y allí muere de contado.

  De su apetito guiado.

Por no consultar al juicio,

Así vuela al precipicio

El hombre desenfrenado.

FÁBULA XII

El Chivo afeitado.

—Vaya una quisicosa:

Si aciertas, Juana hermosa,

Cuál es el animal más presumido,

Que rabia por hacerse distinguido

Entre sus semejantes,

Te he de regalar un par de guantes.

No es el pavón[378], ni el gallo,

Ni el león, ni el caballo,

Y así no me fatigues con demandas.—

¿Será tal vez... el mono?—Cerca le andas.—

¿El mico?—Que te quemas:

Pero no acertarás; no, no lo temas:

Déjalo, no te canses el caletre

Yo te diré cuál es: el Petimetre[379].

Este vano orgulloso

Pierde tiempo, doblones y reposo

En hacer distinguida su figura.

No para en los adornos su locura:

Hace estudio de gestos y de acciones

Á costa de violentas contorsiones.

De perfumes va siempre prevenido:

No quiere oler á hombre ni en descuido[380].

Que mire, marche ó hable,

En todo busca hacerse remarcable.[381]

Y ¿qué consigue? Lo que todo necio:

Cuanto más se distingue, más desprecio.

En la historia siguiente yo me fundo:

  Un Chivo, como muchos en el mundo,

Vano extremadamente,

Se miraba al espejo de una fuente.

—«¡Qué lástima, decía,

Que esté mi juventud y lozanía

Por siempre disfrazada

Debajo de esta barba tan poblada!

Y ¿cuándo? cuando en todas las naciones

No tienen ni aun bigotes los varones;

Pues ya cuentan que son los moscovitas[382],

Si barbones ayer, hoy señoritas.

¡Qué cabrunos estilos tan groseros!

Á bien que estoy en tierra de barberos.»—

La historia fué en Tetuán, y todo el día

La barberil guitarra se sentía.

El Chivo fué guiado de su tono[383]

Á la tienda de un mono,

Barberillo afamado,

Que afeitó al señorito de contado.

Sale barbilampiño[384] á la campaña;

Al ver una figura tan extraña,

No hubo perro ni gato

Que no le hiciera burla al mentecato.

Los chivos le desprecian, de manera

Que no hay más que decir (¡quién lo creyera!)

Un respetable Macho

Dicen que se rió como un muchacho.


Story DNA

Moral

True character and wisdom are not found in outward appearance or flattery, but in genuine actions and self-reflection.

Plot Summary

This collection, 'LIBRO SÉPTIMO,' presents twelve fables by Félix María Samaniego, each illustrating a distinct moral lesson through the actions of animals or mythological figures. From a dying fox whose true nature resurfaces to a vain goat ridiculed for shaving its beard, and from a stag's clever flattery saving its life to a man exposing an owl's false wisdom, the fables consistently expose human vices like hypocrisy, pride, envy, and impulsiveness. Each story culminates in a concise, often italicized, moral statement, reinforcing the didactic purpose of the collection.

Themes

vanitydeceptionself-awarenessconsequences of actions

Emotional Arc

ignorance to mild ridicule

Writing Style

Voice: third person omniscient
Pacing: moderate
Descriptive: moderate
Techniques: direct address to reader, rhetorical questions, personification of animals

Narrative Elements

Conflict: person vs self
Ending: moral justice
Magic: talking animals, gods (Jupiter) interacting with mortals/animals, animal transformation
the fox's feigned repentancethe lion's tearsthe rose's beautythe owl's solemnitythe monkey's walnutAesop's bowthe cats' scruplesthe goat's beard

Cultural Context

Origin: Spanish
Era: 18th century

Félix María Samaniego was an 18th-century Spanish fabulist, part of the Enlightenment movement, who used fables to critique society and impart moral lessons, often drawing inspiration from classical sources like Aesop and La Fontaine.

Plot Beats (12)

  1. Fable 1: A dying fox feigns repentance for its past misdeeds, but when it hears a hen, its true predatory nature resurfaces, revealing that old habits die hard.
  2. Fable 2: The Lion mourns his deceased Queen, and the court feigns sorrow. A joyous Stag, whose family was eaten by the Queen, is nearly killed for not weeping, but saves himself by claiming the Queen appeared to him in Elysium, demonstrating how flattery can sway the powerful.
  3. Fable 3: A Poet picks a Rose to give to his beloved Clori, but then decides against it, fearing the Rose's beauty would be overshadowed. The Rose rebukes him, stating that true praise should elevate, not diminish, others.
  4. Fable 4: A man mocks a reclusive, solemn Owl for its lack of joy. The Owl boasts of its wisdom and how other birds admire it, but the man reveals that the birds actually mock the Owl's pretentious ignorance, comparing it to humans who feign wisdom.
  5. Fable 5: A Monkey tries to eat a green, unripe walnut, finds it bitter, and throws it away, thus going hungry. This illustrates the folly of abandoning a task at the first sign of difficulty.
  6. Fable 6: Aesop, playing with children, is criticized by an Athenian for his childishness. Aesop uses a slack bow as an analogy, explaining that constant tension will break it, just as the mind needs rest to function effectively.
  7. Fable 7: Demetrius, a tyrant, takes over Athens. When the renowned playwright Menander, known for his effeminate appearance, approaches, Demetrius initially scorns him but quickly changes his demeanor upon learning his identity, showing that reputation can override prejudice.
  8. Fable 8: Humans, once hoarders, are transformed into ants by Jupiter due to their greed. Despite changing form, their hoarding habits remain, illustrating that changing appearance doesn't change fundamental nature.
  9. Fable 9: Two hungry cats, Micifuf and Zapirón, eat a roasted capon. Afterwards, they debate whether it would be morally permissible to eat the spit itself, highlighting their misplaced scruples and hypocrisy.
  10. Fable 10: Animals complain to Jupiter about their lots in life. Jupiter sends an Eagle to gather them, and they all express envy for others' traits. The Eagle concludes that since no one is content, envy is pointless, as true happiness comes from accepting one's own destiny.
  11. Fable 11: A thirsty Dove sees a painted well, dives in violently, hits the board, and dies. This warns against acting impulsively on desires without consulting judgment.
  12. Fable 12: A vain Goat, wanting to be distinguished, shaves his beard in Tetuan. He is then mocked by all the other animals, including his own kind, demonstrating that excessive vanity leads to ridicule rather than admiration.

Characters

✦

El Raposo enfermo

fox elderly male

A gaunt, emaciated fox, visibly weakened by age and illness. His once strong frame is now frail, and his fur, likely reddish-brown, is dull and possibly matted in places. He moves with difficulty, indicating a loss of strength and agility.

Attire: None, as he is an animal.

Wants: Initially, to seek absolution and perhaps impart wisdom, but ultimately, his base instincts for food override any moral awakening.

Flaw: His insatiable gluttony and inherent predatory nature, which he cannot overcome even on his deathbed.

He attempts a deathbed repentance, confessing his 'sins' and advising his relatives to live a virtuous life. However, his true nature re-emerges when he hears a chicken, showing no real change.

An old, sickly fox, hunched and trembling, with a look of feigned remorse that quickly shifts to predatory hunger.

Reflective, remorseful (initially), hypocritical, self-pitying, gluttonous (inherently). He expresses regret for past actions but quickly reverts to his true nature.

✦

El León

lion adult male

A powerful and regal lion, though currently showing signs of grief. His mane is full and majestic, but his posture is slumped in sorrow.

Attire: None, as he is an animal, but his presence exudes royalty.

Wants: To mourn his deceased wife and maintain his royal authority.

Flaw: His susceptibility to flattery and his quick temper, which can be exploited by cunning individuals.

He starts in deep grief, becomes enraged by the Deer's apparent lack of sorrow, but is then appeased and won over by the Deer's clever flattery.

A majestic lion, head bowed in grief, but with an underlying regal bearing.

Grieving, powerful, easily swayed by flattery, prone to anger, majestic.

✦

El Ciervo

deer adult male

A graceful and slender deer, with elegant antlers. His coat is likely a dappled brown, allowing him to blend into forest environments.

Attire: None, as he is an animal.

Wants: To avenge the death of his wife and son, and to save his own life from the Lion's wrath.

Flaw: His vengeful nature, which could have led to his demise if not for his quick thinking.

He begins as a silent, joyful observer of the Lion's grief, then faces imminent death, and finally uses his wit to escape punishment and gain the Lion's favor.

A graceful deer with elegant antlers, a subtle, almost imperceptible smirk of satisfaction on his face, even as he feigns sorrow.

Cunning, vengeful, intelligent, quick-witted, opportunistic, a master of flattery.

👤

El Poeta

human young adult male

A man of artistic sensibility, likely slender or of average build, with an appreciative eye for beauty. He is out in nature, suggesting a simple yet refined appearance.

Attire: Clothing typical of an 18th-century Spanish intellectual or gentleman taking a stroll: a simple, well-fitted coat (perhaps dark blue or brown wool), a waistcoat, a white linen shirt with a cravat, and breeches. His shoes would be practical for walking, such as leather buckled shoes.

Wants: To find inspiration in nature and to praise the beauty of his beloved Clori.

Flaw: His vanity and tendency to diminish others' beauty in comparison to his beloved, leading to a rude remark.

He begins by admiring a rose and then diminishes its beauty in comparison to Clori, only to be rebuked by the Rose, learning a lesson about true praise and respect.

A young man in 18th-century Spanish attire, holding a single rose, with a thoughtful and slightly self-satisfied expression.

Romantic, appreciative of beauty, somewhat vain, prone to flattery, a bit conceited, ultimately humble.

✦

La Rosa

flower ageless non-human

A fresh, lush rose in full bloom, with delicate petals and vibrant color. It is still attached to its stem with green leaves.

Attire: None, as it is a flower.

Wants: To be appreciated for its own inherent beauty and to teach the Poet a lesson about true praise.

Flaw: Its physical fragility as a flower, but this is contrasted by its strong spirit.

Initially a passive object of the Poet's admiration, it becomes an active participant, challenging his vanity and delivering a moral lesson.

A vibrant, perfectly bloomed red rose, with a subtle aura of offended dignity.

Proud, sensitive, wise, articulate, resentful when insulted.

✦

El Buho

owl adult male

A large, solemn owl, with a dignified and somewhat portly appearance. Its feathers are likely mottled brown and grey, providing camouflage.

Attire: None, as he is an animal.

Wants: To maintain his perceived image of wisdom and importance, and to be left alone in his meditations.

Flaw: His extreme vanity and inability to see that others are mocking him, not admiring him.

He begins as a self-important, reclusive figure who believes he is admired, only to be rudely awakened by the Man's explanation that he is actually being mocked.

A large, solemn owl with huge, unblinking yellow eyes, sitting perfectly still with an air of profound, self-important wisdom.

Solemn, meditative, proud, presumptuous, arrogant, self-important, reclusive.

👤

El Hombre (del Buho)

human adult male

A practical, down-to-earth man, likely the owner of the granary. His build would be sturdy, reflecting a life of work.

Attire: Simple, functional 18th-century Spanish peasant or farmer attire: a coarse linen shirt, practical breeches, a simple vest, and sturdy leather boots. Perhaps a wide-brimmed hat if he's just come from outdoors.

Wants: To understand the owl's behavior and to correct its presumptuousness.

Flaw: His bluntness, which can come across as rude.

He observes the Owl, questions its behavior, and then delivers a harsh truth, puncturing the Owl's ego.

A sturdy man with a knowing, slightly amused smirk, pointing a finger at something unseen.

Observant, practical, blunt, cynical, realistic, unafraid to speak his mind.

👤

Menandro

human adult male

A man of delicate and refined appearance, almost effeminate, contrasting sharply with the robust soldiers around him. He is likely slender and well-groomed.

Attire: Richly perfumed and affected clothing, likely a fine tunic or chiton of silk or fine linen, possibly in light, elegant colors, draped artfully. He might wear delicate sandals and subtle jewelry, emphasizing his refined nature.

Wants: To present himself at court, likely for recognition or to fulfill an obligation.

Flaw: His delicate appearance makes him initially misjudged and scorned by those who value martial prowess.

Initially scorned for his effeminate appearance by the new ruler, he is quickly recognized and honored once his identity as a great author is revealed, demonstrating the power of intellect over superficial judgment.

A delicately built man in elegant, perfumed attire, walking with an affected, graceful gait, holding his head high despite initial scorn.

Refined, artistic, sensitive, perhaps a bit vain about his appearance, but ultimately respected for his talent.

✦

El Chivo

goat young adult male

A young, vain goat, initially with a full beard, which he later shaves. He is likely of average goat build, but his focus is on his appearance.

Attire: None, as he is an animal, but his 'adornments' are his groomed appearance.

Wants: To be distinguished and admired among his peers by conforming to human fashion trends.

Flaw: His extreme vanity and lack of self-awareness, leading him to make a ridiculous decision that earns him scorn.

He begins as a vain goat who shaves his beard to appear more fashionable, only to become an object of ridicule among all animals, including his own kind.

A goat with a freshly shaved, smooth chin, looking utterly ridiculous and bewildered by the mockery it receives.

Extremely vain, presumptuous, foolish, obsessed with appearance, easily influenced by trends.

Locations

Fox's Den

indoor Implied to be a time of decline, so perhaps late autumn or winter, but not explicitly stated.

A secluded, dark den, likely carved into the earth or under roots, where the ailing fox lies surrounded by his kin. The air is heavy with the scent of earth and perhaps a faint, lingering smell of prey.

Mood: Somber, reflective, but with an underlying tension of hypocrisy and self-interest among the 'mourners'.

The dying fox delivers a hypocritical sermon to his kin about moderation and good living, only to be distracted by the sound of a hen.

dark earthen walls roots or rocks forming the ceiling ailing fox other foxes (relatives and friends) shadows imagined ghostly geese and turkeys

Royal Cavern of the Lion King

indoor Not specified, but the atmosphere is heavy with grief.

A grand, concave cavern serving as the palace of the Lion King, filled with the echoes of his sorrowful roars. The space is large enough to accommodate many animal courtiers gathered in a somber assembly.

Mood: Mournful and solemn, but also tense and politically charged due to the king's grief and the courtiers' sycophancy.

The Lion King mourns his deceased queen, and the court gathers. The Deer, who secretly rejoices, cleverly flatters the king to save his own life.

large concave rock walls echoing space Lion King various animal courtiers (deer, etc.) somber gathering

Flowery Field in Spring

outdoor morning Spring, fresh morning air, gentle breeze.

A vibrant, open field bursting with spring flowers, their branches bending under the weight of blossoms. The air is soft and gentle, with a light breeze.

Mood: Idyllic, peaceful, initially inspiring, but then becomes a setting for a sharp, critical exchange.

A Poet admires a Rose, but then dismisses its beauty in comparison to his beloved Clori, leading to the Rose's sharp rebuke.

lush green grass abundant spring flowers bending branches of flowering plants soft breeze solitary Poet a vibrant rose

Spanish Kitchen

indoor late morning (around 11 AM) Not specified, but an indoor setting.

A bustling, traditional Spanish kitchen, likely in a modest home, with a large, open hearth or stove. Cooking utensils hang from walls, and food is prepared or left out. The air is warm and smells of recent cooking.

Mood: Initially quiet and tempting, then chaotic with the cats' feast, and finally a scene of comical, pseudo-philosophical debate.

Two hungry cats, left alone by the cook, feast on a chicken and then engage in a 'scrupulous' debate about whether it's morally permissible to eat the spit itself.

large cooking pot (olla) spit (asador) with a chicken (polla) kitchen battery (batería de cocina) wooden or tiled floor two hungry cats (Micifuf and Zapirón)

Tetuán Barber Shop

indoor daytime Warm, North African climate implied.

A lively barber shop in Tetuán, Morocco, filled with the sounds of a 'barberil guitarra' (barber's guitar) and the scent of perfumes. It's run by a monkey, suggesting a whimsical, bustling, and perhaps slightly chaotic atmosphere.

Mood: Whimsical, bustling, slightly absurd, and focused on vanity.

A vain goat, seeking to distinguish himself, gets his beard shaved by a monkey barber in Tetuán, only to be ridiculed by all the other animals.

barber's chair shaving implements perfumes mirror monkey barber guitar vain goat